Hybrid architecture for intelligent systems is a new field of artificial intelligence concerned with the development of the next generation of intelligent systems. This volume is the first book to delineate current research interests in hybrid architectures for intelligent systems.
The book is divided into two parts. The first part is devoted to the theory, methodologies, and algorithms of intelligent hybrid systems. The second part examines current applications of intelligent hybrid systems in areas such as data analysis, pattern classification and recognition, intelligent robot control, medical diagnosis, architecture, wastewater treatment, and flexible manufacturing systems.
Hybrid Architectures for Intelligent Systems is an important reference for computer scientists and electrical engineers involved with artificial intelligence, neural networks, parallel processing, robotics, and systems architecture.

Offering the first comprehensive analysis of touchless fingerprint-recognition technologies, Touchless Fingerprint Biometrics gives an overview of the state of the art and describes relevant industrial applications. It also presents new techniques to efficiently and effectively implement advanced solutions based on touchless fingerprinting. The most accurate current biometric technologies in touch-based fingerprint-recognition systems require a relatively high level of user cooperation to acquire samples of the concerned biometric trait. With the potential for reduced constraints, reduced hardware costs, quicker acquisition time, wider usability, and increased user acceptability, this book argues for the potential superiority of touchless biometrics over touch-based methods. The book considers current problems in developing high-accuracy touchless recognition technology. It discusses factors such as shadows, reflections, complex backgrounds, distortions due to perspective effects, uncontrolled finger placement, inconstant resolution of the ridge pattern, and reconstruction and processing of three-dimensional models. The last section suggests what future work can be done to increase accuracy in touchless systems, such as intensive studies on extraction and matching methods and three-dimensional analytical capabilities within systems. In a world where usability and mobility have increasing relevance, Touchless Fingerprint Biometrics demonstrates that touchless technologies are also part of the future. A presentation of the state of the art, it introduces you to the field and its immediate future directions.

develops key concepts from scratch, including a brief review of control theory and modeling strategies for power electronic-based systems focuses on the LaunchPadTM F28069M board from Texas InstrumentsTM to provide the reader some basic programming strategies proposes several control problems in terms of power management of RL and RLC loads (e.g. DC-DC converters) and closed-loop control of DC motors examines control schemes as well as the working principles of power converter topologies needed to drive the systems under investigation includes exercises while presenting a processor-in-the loop (PIL) technique to emulate the dynamics of complex systems

Analog Electronics for Radiation Detection showcases the latest advances in readout electronics for particle, or radiation, detectors. Featuring chapters written by international experts in their respective fields, this authoritative text: Defines the main design parameters of front-end circuitry developed in microelectronics technologies Explains the basis for the use of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors for the detection of charged particles and other non-consumer applications Delivers an in-depth review of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), evaluating the pros and cons of ADCs integrated at the pixel, column, and per-chip levels Describes incremental sigma-delta ADCs, time-to-digital converter (TDC) architectures, and digital pulse-processing techniques complementary to analog processing Examines the fundamental parameters and front-end types associated with silicon photomultipliers used for single visible-light photon detection Discusses pixel sensors with per-pixel TDCs, channel density challenges, and emerging 3D technologies interconnecting detectors and electronics Thus, Analog Electronics for Radiation Detection provides a single source for state-of-the-art information on analog electronics for the readout of radiation detectors.

This book introduces various advanced, smart materials and the strategies for the design and preparation for novel uses from macro to micro or from biological, inorganic, organic to composite materials. Selecting the best material is a challenging task, requiring tradeoffs between material properties and designing functional smart materials. The development of smart, advanced materials and their potential applications is a burgeoning area of research. Exciting breakthroughs are anticipated in the future from the concepts and results reported in this book.

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS): Newton Power-Flow Modeling of Voltage-Sourced Converter-Based Controllers introduces different voltage-sourced converter (VSC)-based FACTS controllers and VSC-based high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) systems and their working principles, explaining how FACTS controllers exchange real and reactive power with systems. Subsequently, the book: Describes the Newton-Raphson method and its application for solving the power-flow problem Presents the Newton power-flow modeling of the static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), unified power-flow controller (UPFC), interline power-flow controller (IPFC), generalized unified power-flow controller (GUPFC), and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), accommodating the practical device constraint limits (because of the unique modeling strategy, the existing Newton power-flow codes can be reused) Develops a unified Newton power-flow model of AC systems incorporating multiterminal VSC-HVDC systems with pulse-width modulation (PWM) control schemes, directly yielding the VSC modulation indices from the power-flow solution Provides numerous case studies for validation of Newton power-flow models, elaborating on the occurrences and checking of unrealistic power-flow solutions in isolated cases Includes detailed derivations of all the difficult formulae as well as solved problems on typical VSC-based FACTS controllers Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS): Newton Power-Flow Modeling of Voltage-Sourced Converter-Based Controllers assumes at least an undergraduate-level understanding of engineering mathematics, network analysis, electrical machines, electrical power systems, and power electronics. Thus, the book provides a valuable reference for practitioners as well as senior-undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering and electrical power systems.

We are in the center of the most life-changing technological revolution the Earth has ever known. In little more than 65 years, an eye-blink in human history, a single technological invention has launched the proverbial thousand ships, producing the most sweeping and pervasive set of changes ever to wash over humankind; changes that are reshaping the very core of human existence, on a global scale, at a relentlessly accelerating pace. And we are just at the very beginning. Silicon Earth: Introduction to Microelectronics and Nanotechnology introduces readers with little or no technical background to the marvels of microelectronics and nanotechnology, using straightforward language, an intuitive approach, minimal math, and lots of pictures. The general scientific and engineering underpinnings of microelectronics and nanotechnology are described, as well as how this new technological revolution is transforming a broad array of interdisciplinary fields, and civilization as a whole. Special "widget deconstruction" chapters address the inner workings of ubiquitous micro/nano-enabled pieces of technology, such as smartphones, flash drives, and digital cameras. Completely updated and upgraded to full color, the Second Edition: Includes new material on the design of electronic systems, the future of electronics, and the societal impact of micro/nanotechnology Provides new widget deconstructions of cutting-edge tech gadgets like the GPS-enabled smartwatch Adds end-of-chapter study questions and hundreds of new color photos Silicon Earth: Introduction to Microelectronics and Nanotechnology, Second Edition is a pick-up-and-read-cover-to-cover book for those curious about the micro/nanoworld, as well as a classroom-tested, student-and-professor-approved text ideal for an undergraduate-level university course. Lecture slides, homework examples, a deconstruction project, and discussion threads are available via an author-maintained website.

The updated edition of the second of three volumes on Medical Physics presents modern physical methods for medical diagnostics. It provides a solid background on imaging techniques that use non-ionizing probes (ultrasound, endoscopy including CLE and OCT, MRI) and imaging techniques that use ionizing radiation (X-ray radiography, CT, SPECT, PET). Radiation sources, interactions of radiation with matter and radiation protection for x-rays, -rays, protons and neutrons are presented. Some of these topics are also relevant to the therapeutic applications presented in Volume 3. NEW: highlighted boxes emphasize specifi c topics; math boxes explain more advanced mathematical issues; each chapter concludes with a summary of the key concepts, questions, a self-assessment of the acquired competence and exercises. The appendix provides answers to questions and solutions to exercises.

This volume includes extended and revised versions of a set of selected papers from the International Conference on Electric and Electronics (EEIC 2011) , held on June 20-22 , 2011, which is jointly organized by Nanchang University, Springer, and IEEE IAS Nanchang Chapter. The objective of EEIC 2011 Volume 2 is to provide a major interdisciplinary forum for the presentation of new approaches from Electrical engineering and controls, to foster integration of the latest developments in scientific research. 133 related topic papers were selected into this volume. All the papers were reviewed by 2 program committee members and selected by the volume editor Prof. Min Zhu. We hope every participant can have a good opportunity to exchange their research ideas and results and to discuss the state of the art in the areas of the Electrical engineering and controls.

This book provides the non-technical reader with the insight and information necessary to understand those areas of the electronics industry that will be most affected by advances in electronic components and systems. The author reviews the general axioms of business and shows how and where they relate to the electronics industry. He examines new market opportunities brought about by changes in society and identifies fundamental trends which will affect future product and service offerings. The electronics industry, including the various steps in the production process, components, and the subcontract assembly business are explained. Individual chapters profile development opportunities in the areas of telecommunications, automation, instrumentation, medical electronics, and navigation/location systems. Finally, Young concentrates on investment opportunities and the role of the venture capitalist in the future growth of the electronics industry.

This text will help readers in gaining knowledge in designing power electronic converters and its control for electric vehicles. It discusses the ways in which power from electric vehicle batteries is transferred to an electric motor, the technology used for charging electric vehicle batteries, and the energy storage. The text covers case studies and real-life examples related to electric vehicles. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, environmental engineering, automotive engineering, and computer science. The book Discusses the latest advances and developments in the field of electric vehicles Covers advanced concepts including grid-to-vehicle power transfer, vehicle-to-vehicle charging, and regenerative braking Examines the challenges associate with the integration of renewable energy sources with electric vehicles Highlights basic understanding of the charging infrastructure for electric vehicles Covers concepts including the reliability of power converters in electric vehicles, and battery management systems This book discusses the challenges, emerging technologies, and recent development of power electronics for electric vehicles. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, environmental engineering, automotive engineering, and computer science.

From underlying principles to implementation--a thorough introduction to digital logic design

With this book, readers discover the connection between logic design principles and theory and the logic design and optimization techniques used in practice. Therefore, they not only learn how to implement current design techniques, but also how these techniques were developed and why they work. With a deeper understanding of the underlying principles, readers become better problem-solvers when faced with new and difficult digital design challenges.

Principles of Modern Digital Design begins with an examination of number systems and binary code followed by the fundamental concepts of digital logic. Next, readers advance to combinational logic design. Armed with this foundation, they are then introduced to VHDL, a powerful language used to describe the function of digital circuits and systems.

All the major topics needed for a thorough understanding of modern digital design are presented, including:

Fundamentals of synchronous sequential circuits and synchronous sequential circuit design

Combinational logic design using VHDL

Counter design

Sequential circuit design using VHDL

Asynchronous sequential circuits

VHDL-based logic design examples are provided throughout the book to illustrate both the underlying principles and practical design applications. Each chapter is followed by exercises that enable readers to put their skills into practice by solving realistic digital design problems. An accompanying dvd-ROM with Quartus II software enables readers to replicate the book's examples and perform the exercises.

This book can be used for either a two- orone-semester course for undergraduate students in electrical and computer engineering and computer science. Its thorough explanation of theory, coupled with examples and exercises, enables both students and practitioners to master and implement modern digital design techniques with confidence.

Power Quality Issues: Current Harmonics provides solutions for the mitigation of power quality problems related to harmonics. Focusing on active power filters (APFs) due to their excellent harmonic and reactive power compensation in two-wire (single phase), three-wire (three-phase without neutral), and four-wire (three-phase with neutral) AC power networks with nonlinear loads, the text: Introduces the APF technology, describing various APF configurations and offering guidelines for the selection of APFs for specific application considerations Compares shunt active filter (SHAF) control strategies for extracting three-phase reference currents, evaluating their performance under a number of source voltage conditions using a proportional-integral (PI) controller Presents PI controller-based SHAF instantaneous active and reactive power (p-q) and instantaneous active and reactive current (Id-Iq) control strategies, supplying detailed MATLAB (R)/Simulink simulation results Proposes SHAF control strategies using type 1 and type 2 fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) with different fuzzy membership functions (MFs), analyzing their harmonic mitigation and DC link voltage regulation Verifies the proposed type 2 FLC-based SHAF control strategies with trapezoidal, triangular, and Gaussian fuzzy MFs using RT-LAB, a real-time digital simulation software from OPAL-RT Technologies Power Quality Issues: Current Harmonics is a useful resource for those tackling electrical power quality challenges. The compensation techniques described in this book alleviate harmonic issues that can distort voltage waveforms, fry a building's wiring, trigger nuisance tripping, overheat transformer units, and cause random end-user equipment failure.

Ring lasers are commonly used as gyroscopes for aircraft navigation and attitude control. The largest ring lasers are sensitive enough that they can be used for high resolution inertial rotation sensing of the Earth in order to detect tiny perturbations to the Earth's rotation caused by earthquakes or global mass transport. This book describes the latest advances in the development of large ring lasers for applications in geodesy and geophysics using the most sensitive and stable devices available. Chapters cover our current knowledge of the physics of the laser gyroscope, how to acquire and analyse data from ring lasers, and what the potential applications are in the geosciences. It is a valuable reference for those working with ring lasers or using the data for applications in geodesy and geophysics; as well as researchers in laser physics, photonics and navigation.

The upcoming change of costumers' preferences and state regulations towards safety, sustainability and comfort of a car is calling the automotive industry to make the necessary innovations available in order to accelerate its pace on the way out of the economic crisis. Smart miniaturized systems and ICT based solutions are considered the key enablers of future mobility technologies like novel power train concepts including electrical traction, cooperative safety systems, advanced driver assistance systems as well as car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communication.

The International Forum on Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications (AMAA) has been an exclusive showroom of R&D activities in this domain for more than a decade. In 2009 its topic is "Smart Systems for Safety, Sustainability, and Comfort." The papers published in this book were selected from more than 40 submissions. Highlights include contributions on the scope of two European projects related to the Green Car, EE-VERT aiming at the development of energy-efficient vehicles for road transport, and E3Car doing research on nanoelectronics as a key enabler of electrical vehicles. Furthermore, several authors are reporting first results of the INTERSAFE-2 project that is dealing with cooperative intersection safety. Likewise prominent topics are a detector for left-behind occupants, novel driver assistance systems and several other highly integrated components for various applications in the automobile.

Additional information is available on www.amaa.de

Lithium-Ion Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications offers a comprehensive treatment of the principles, background, design, production, and use of lithium-ion batteries. Based on a solid foundation of long-term research work, this authoritative monograph: Introduces the underlying theory and history of lithium-ion batteries Describes the key components of lithium-ion batteries, including negative and positive electrode materials, electrolytes, and separators Discusses electronic conductive agents, binders, solvents for slurry preparation, positive thermal coefficient (PTC) materials, current collectors, and cases Examines the assembly processes and electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries Explores applications in power tools, electric vehicles, aerospace, and more Lithium-Ion Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications delivers a systematic overview of lithium-ion batteries, from physical properties to manufacturing technologies. The book also supplies valuable insight into potential growth opportunities in this exciting market.

The International Conference on Electronics, Information Technology and Intellectualization (ICEITI2014) was dedicated to build a high-level international academic communication forum for international experts and scholars. This fi rst conference of an annual series was held in Pengcheng, Shenzhen, China 16-17 August 2014. Many prestigious experts and scholars from all around the world have taken part in discussing and sharing new research on the topic of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Computers and Information technology, Mechatronics Technology and Intellectualization. The International Conference on Electronics, Information Technology and Intellectualization (ICEITI2014) was hosted by the Hong Kong Information Science and Engineering Research Center, and supported by Inha University, Pusan National University, South Korea.

Smart and Functional Textiles is an application-oriented book covering a wide range of areas from multifunctional nanofinish, wearable e-textiles, textile-based sensors and actuators, thermoregulating textiles, to smart medical textiles and stimuli-responsive textiles. It also includes chapters on 3D printed smart textiles, automotive smart textiles, smart textiles in military and defense, as well as functional textiles used in care and diagnosis of Covid-19.

Compiles Information from a Multitude of Sources Synthetic jets have been used in numerous applications, and are part of an emergent field. Accumulating information from hundreds of journal articles and conference papers, Synthetic Jets: Fundamentals and Applications brings together in one book the fundamentals and applications of fluidic actuators. Clearly and thoroughly explaining the mechanisms of underlying synthetic jet behavior-from aerospace to mechanical engineering-this book addresses a variety of aspects, and provides a holistic, systematic approach of the subject. Covers Fundamental Principles, Analysis Techniques, and Applications Designed as a starting point for newcomers, the book is divided into three parts: fundamentals, techniques, and applications, and focuses on a class of incompressible jet flows where the jet is made up of the surrounding fluid. It explores fluid dynamics, hydrodynamic modeling, acoustics, and fabrication. It covers key measurement techniques, computational modeling, and synthetic jet design. In addition to highlighting the concepts and applications of synthetic jets, (in particular their uses in flow control and thermal management in electronic devices), the book explores attempts to improve and accelerate the design and optimization processes (from flow control to electronic cooling and propulsion) involved in a wealth of applied knowledge. Features prominent experts in the field Surveys the state of the art Details a pathway to future advances in the industry Synthetic Jets: Fundamentals and Applications can be used as a guidebook for researchers, graduate students, and upper-level undergraduate students.

The scientific research in many engineering fields has been shifting from traditional first-principle-based to data-driven or evidence-based theories. The latter methods may enable better system design, based on more accurate and verifiable information. In the era of big data, IoT and cyber-physical systems, this subject is of growing importance, as data-driven approaches are key enablers to solve problems that could not be addressed by standard approaches. This book presents a number of innovative data-driven methodologies, complemented by significant application examples, to show the potential offered by the most recent advances in the field. Applicable across a range of disciplines, the topics discussed here will be of interest to scientists, engineers and students in automatic control and learning systems, automotive and aerospace engineering, electrical engineering and signal processing.

Micro- and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Device Challenges and Solutions presents a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art of micro- and nanoelectronics, covering the field from fundamental science and material properties to novel ways of making nanodevices. Containing contributions from experts in both industry and academia, this cutting-edge text: Discusses emerging silicon devices for CMOS technologies, fully depleted device architectures, characteristics, and scaling Explains the specifics of silicon compound devices (SiGe, SiC) and their unique properties Explores various options for post-CMOS nanoelectronics, such as spintronic devices and nanoionic switches Describes the latest developments in carbon nanotubes, iii-v devices structures, and more Micro- and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Device Challenges and Solutions provides an excellent representation of a complex engineering field, examining emerging materials and device architecture alternatives with the potential to shape the future of nanotechnology.

"Experiments in digital fundamentals, eleventh edition, is designed to provide laboratory exercises that closely track topics in Digital fundamentals, eleventh edition, by Thomas L. Floyd."--Page vii.

In the second half of the nineteenth century, British firms and engineers built, laid, and ran a vast global network of submarine telegraph cables. For the first time, cities around the world were put into almost instantaneous contact, with profound effects on commerce, international affairs, and the dissemination of news. Science, too, was strongly affected, as cable telegraphy exposed electrical researchers to important new phenomena while also providing a new and vastly larger market for their expertise. By examining the deep ties that linked the cable industry to work in electrical physics in the nineteenth century - culminating in James Clerk Maxwell's formulation of his theory of the electromagnetic field - Bruce J. Hunt sheds new light both on the history of the Victorian British Empire and on the relationship between science and technology.