The aim of this book is to exploit the advantages of holographic technology, namely the high storage capacity and fast access times, in order to implement optical devices for infrared fiber communication applications. The covered methods range from two-lambda to gated recording techniques, all of which can be applied to a variety of materials such as photorefractive crystals and photopolymers. Both techniques and materials are strictly related to the practical realization of signal processing devices, showing their feasibility and discussing their role in a realistic telecoms network. Research scientists, engineers and graduate students will benefit equally from the combined coverage of technological features, optical communications components, and network perspectives.

This book is dedicated to addressing the major challenges in fighting COVID-19 using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) - from cost and complexity to availability and accuracy. The aim of this book is to focus on both the design and implementation of AI-based approaches in proposed COVID-19 solutions that are enabled and supported by sensor networks, cloud computing, and 5G and beyond. This book presents research that contributes to the application of ML techniques to the problem of computer communication-assisted diagnosis of COVID-19 and similar diseases. The authors present the latest theoretical developments, real-world applications, and future perspectives on this topic. This book brings together a broad multidisciplinary community, aiming to integrate ideas, theories, models, and techniques from across different disciplines on intelligent solutions/systems, and to inform how cognitive systems in Next Generation Networks (NGN) should be designed, developed, and evaluated while exchanging and processing critical health information. Targeted readers are from varying disciplines who are interested in implementing the smart planet/environments vision via wireless/wired enabling technologies.

Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) have seen unprecedented levels of growth during the last decade in both military and civilian domains. However, it is anticipated that civilian applications will be dominant in the future, although there are still barriers to be overcome and technical challenges to be met. For example, integrating UAS into civilian space, fully autonomous navigation, see-detect-and-avoid systems, smart UAS designs, system integration, vision-based navigation, logistics and training, to name but a few areas, will be of prime importance in the near future. This special volume is the outcome of research presented at the International Symposium on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, held in Dubai in June 2010, and presents state-of-the-art findings on topics related to: UAS operations and integration into the national airspace system; UAS navigation and control; micro-, mini-, small UAVs; UAS simulation testbeds and frameworks; UAS research platforms and applications; UAS applications. This book aims at serving as a guide tool on UAS for engineers and practitioners, academics, government agencies and industry. This is a hardbound spinoff from the Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, Volume 61:1-4, 2011.

This book provides an analysis of the role of fog computing, cloud computing, and Internet of Things in providing uninterrupted context-aware services as they relate to Healthcare 4.0. The book considers a three-layer patient-driven healthcare architecture for real-time data collection, processing, and transmission. It gives insight to the readers for the applicability of fog devices and gateways in Healthcare 4.0 environments for current and future applications. It also considers aspects required to manage the complexity of fog computing for Healthcare 4.0 and also develops a comprehensive taxonomy.

The first book on Localized Waves--a subject of phenomenal worldwide research with important

applications from secure communications to medicine

Localized waves--also known as non-diffractive waves--are beams and pulses capable of resisting diffraction and dispersion over long distances even in non-guiding media. Predicted to exist in the early 1970s and obtained theoretically and experimentally as solutions to the wave equations starting in 1992, localized waves now garner intense worldwide research with applications in all fields where a role is played by a wave equation, from electromagnetism to acoustics and quantum physics. In the electromagnetics areas, they are paving the way, for instance, to ubiquitous secure communications in the range of millimeter waves, terahertz frequencies, and optics. At last, the localized waves with an envelope at rest are expected to have important applications especially in medicine.

Localized Waves brings together the world's most productive researchers in the field to offer a well-balanced presentation of theory and experiments in this new and exciting subject. Composed of thirteen chapters, this dynamic volume:

Presents a thorough review of the theoretical foundation and historical aspects of localized waves

Explores the interconnections of the subject with other technologies and scientific areas

Analyzes the effect of arbitrary anisotropies on both continuous-wave and pulsed non-diffracting fields

Describes the physical nature and experimental implementation of localized waves

Provides a general overview of wave localization, for example in photonic crystals, which have received increasing attention in recent years

Localized Waves is the first book to cover this emerging topic, making it an indispensable resource in particular for researchers in electromagnetics, acoustics, fundamental physics, and free-space communications, while also serving as a requisite text for graduate students.

An ideal resource for students, industrial engineers, and researchers, "Signal Processing with Free Software Practical Experiments" presents practical experiments in signal processing using free software. The text introduces elementary signals through elementary waveform, signal storage files and elementary operations on signals and then presents the first tools to signal analysis such as temporal and frequency characteristics leading to Time-frequency analysis. Non-parametric spectral analysis is also discussed as well as signal processing through sampling, resampling, quantification, and analog and digital filtering.Table of Contents:

1. Generation of Elementary Signals.Generation of Elementary Waveform. - Elementary Operations onthe Signals. - Format of Signal Storage Files.2. First tools of Signal Analysis.Measurement of Temporal and Frequency Characteristics of aSignal. Time-Frequency Analysis of a Signal.3. Non-parametric Spectral Analysis.4. Signal Processing.Sampling. - Resampling. - Quantification. - "Analog" Filtering.Digital Filtering

This handbook covers recent advances in the integration of three areas, namely, cloud computing, cyber-physical systems, and the Internet of things which is expected to have a tremendous impact on our daily lives. It contains a total of thirteen peer-reviewed and edited chapters. This book covers topics such as context-aware cyber-physical systems, sustainable cloud computing, fog computing, and cloud monitoring; both the theoretical and practical aspects belonging to these topics are discussed. All the chapters also discuss open research challenges in the areas mentioned above. Finally, the handbook presents three use cases regarding healthcare, smart buildings and disaster management to assist the audience in understanding how to develop next-generation IoT- and cloud-enabled cyber-physical systems. This timely handbook is edited for students, researchers, as well as professionals who are interested in the rapidly growing fields of cloud computing, cyber-physical systems, and the Internet of things.

This unique textbook comprehensively introduces the field of discrete event systems, offering a breadth of coverage that makes the material accessible to readers of varied backgrounds. The book emphasizes a unified modeling framework that transcends specific application areas, linking the following topics in a coherent manner: language and automata theory, supervisory control, Petri net theory, Markov chains and queueing theory, discrete-event simulation, and concurrent estimation techniques. Topics and features: detailed treatment of automata and language theory in the context of discrete event systems, including application to state estimation and diagnosis comprehensive coverage of centralized and decentralized supervisory control of partially-observed systems timed models, including timed automata and hybrid automata stochastic models for discrete event systems and controlled Markov chains discrete event simulation an introduction to stochastic hybrid systems sensitivity analysis and optimization of discrete event and hybrid systems new in the third edition: opacity properties, enhanced coverage of supervisory control, overview of latest software tools This proven textbook is essential to advanced-level students and researchers in a variety of disciplines where the study of discrete event systems is relevant: control, communications, computer engineering, computer science, manufacturing engineering, transportation networks, operations research, and industrial engineering. Christos G. Cassandras is Distinguished Professor of Engineering, Professor of Systems Engineering, and Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Boston University. Stephane Lafortune is Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

This book systematically discusses the signal design theory and technologies for next-generation satellite navigation systems. It provides comprehensive information on the basic concept, theory, and key technologies employed in satellite navigation system signal design. Starting from the basic elements of the navigation signal, it combines traditional and advanced technologies into an organic whole, offering readers a complete system for signal design. Thanks to its rich content and clear structure, it is well suited as a reference guide for researchers and engineers in the fields of satellite navigation, positioning, etc. The book can also be used as teaching material or supplemental reading material by professors and graduate students alike.

This book presents materials on the implementation of modern technologies for aircraft information support and ground-based radio equipment for flights in the Russian Federation, especially in the Arctic and far Eastern regions, as well as new methods for monitoring the flight of civil aviation aircraft based on the use of local control and correction stations and optical systems that fully meet the requirements of international and domestic organizations for the reliability and integrity of transmitted information. The book is intended for engineering and technical specialists involved in the development, manufacturing and operation of aircraft avionics and ground-based radio electronic flight support systems, as well as graduate students and senior students of radio engineering specialties. It is useful to researchers and professionals whose activities are related to air traffic control.

As data is an important asset for any organization, it is essential to apply semantic technologies in data science to fulfill the need of any organization. This volume of a two-volume handbook set provides a roadmap for new trends and future developments of data science with semantic technologies. Data Science with Semantic Technologies: New Trends and Future Developments highlights how data science enables the user to create intelligence through these technologies. In addition, this book offers the answers to various questions such as can semantic technologies be able to facilitate data science? Which type of data science problems can be tackled by semantic technologies? How can data scientists get benefited from these technologies? What is the role of semantic technologies in data science? What is the current progress and future of data science with semantic technologies? Which types of problems require the immediate attention of the researchers? What should be the vision 2030 for data science? This volume can serve as an important guide towards applications of data science with semantic technologies for the upcoming generation and thus becomes a unique resource for scholars, researchers, professionals, and practitioners in this field.

This book describes the basic functions of the European Digital Radio DAB+ (Digital Audio Broadcasting plus) with its direct possible applications in a simple way. The book refers to fundamentals of DABs 80+ norms and specifications. Presented subjects are indicating problems of DAB signal propagation and possible multimedia applications. The book provides about 130 figures for explaining new concepts in an easy to approach manner. Applications include, but are not limited to audio compression MPEG, OFDM, SFN phasor representation, multiplexes, MOT, and conditional access. The book is intended for those interested in decisions regarding radio at various levels, owners of radio stations, and designers of various multimedia applications of digital radio in the field of security, students of wireless systems, etc. * Presents the fundamental functions of DAB / DAB+ (Digital Audio Broadcasting) along with its applications * Outlines the European Digital Radio system * Explains the functions of worldwide emerging digital radio subsystems

This book presents high-quality papers from the Fifth International Conference on Microelectronics, Computing & Communication Systems (MCCS 2020). It discusses the latest technological trends and advances in MEMS and nanoelectronics, wireless communication, optical communication, instrumentation, signal processing, image processing, bioengineering, green energy, hybrid vehicles, environmental science, weather forecasting, cloud computing, renewable energy, RFID, CMOS sensors, actuators, transducers, telemetry systems, embedded systems and sensor network applications. It includes papers based on original theoretical, practical and experimental simulations, development, applications, measurements and testing. The applications and solutions discussed here provide excellent reference material for future product development.

I.AM catalyzes the "convergence for good" of the biological, physical and digital worlds, helping us to better tackle the toughest challenges of the 2020s: climate change, resource depletion, an aging population, social inclusion, the empowerment of people, health crises and the post-pandemic world, as well as new issues emerging in relation to economical, societal and everyday life. This book dives into disruptive concepts of I.AM such as: Trust as a Service, Business as a Game, ATAWAD (AnyTime, AnyWhere, Any Device), PCE (Productivity of Collaborative Exchange), Unimedia, Shazamization of everything, decentralization of everything, BOTization and Build to Order for Me, Blockchain and Empowerment of Me, edge computing, augmented industry, augmentation value chain and empowering innovation, etc. The fluid, easy-to-read style of this book targets the broadest scope of readers, from purpose-driven and business-oriented individuals, to students, researchers, experts, innovators, consultants, managers and politicians, all eager to empower people to work towards a more sustainable future.

This book presents the principles and applications of optical fiber communication based on digital signal processing (DSP) for both single and multi-carrier modulation signals. In the context of single carrier modulation, it describes DSP for linear and nonlinear optical fiber communication systems, discussing all-optical Nyquist modulation signal generation and processing, and how to use probabilistic and geometrical shaping to improve the transmission performance. For multi-carrier modulation, it examines DSP-based OFDM signal generation and detection and presents 4D and high-order modulation formats. Lastly, it demonstrates how to use artificial intelligence in optical fiber communication. As such it is a useful resource for students, researches and engineers in the field of optical fiber communication.

AI Metaheuristics for Information Security in Digital Media examines the latest developments in AI-based metaheuristics algorithms with applications in information security for digital media. It highlights the importance of several security parameters, their analysis, and validations for different practical applications. Drawing on multidisciplinary research including computer vision, machine learning, artificial intelligence, modified/newly developed metaheuristics algorithms, it will enhance information security for society. It includes state-of-the-art research with illustrations and exercises throughout.

This book gathers extended contributions to the workshop on Long-Term Digital Care, LTC-2021, organized by the Universita Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), Ancona, Italy, and the Hochschule Konstanz (HTWG), Germany, in November 2021, and funded by the DAAD Joint Mobility Program. It covers innovative, practice-oriented approaches that are expected to foster digital health care, with a special focus on improving internationalization and accessibility. The book, which bridges between technological and social disciplines, reports on selected studies with the main goals of: establishing a comparison of Long-Term Digital Care approaches, with focus on exchange and networking processes; defining practical roadmaps for digital social innovation; establishing concepts and methods for process evaluation and sustainability. It offers a timely snapshot on technologies for patient monitoring and assistant systems, medical data analysis and image processing, digital platforms and advanced diagnostics techniques, and discusses important concepts relating to traceable process evaluation, networking and accessibility. It aims at informing, yet it is also intended to inspire and foster a stronger collaboration across disciplines, countries, as well as academic and professional institutions.

This book comprises select proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Data Science and Engineering (ICDSE 2021). The contents of this book focus on responsible data science. This book tries to integrate research across diverse topics related to data science, such as fairness, trust, ethics, confidentiality, transparency, and accuracy. The chapters in this book represent research from different perspectives that offer novel theoretical implications that span multiple disciplines. The book will serve as a reference resource for researchers and practitioners in academia and industry.

This book presents the Proceedings of The 6th Brazilian Technology Symposium (BTSym'20). The book discusses the current technological issues on Systems Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, such as the Transmission Line, Protein-Modified Mortars, Electromagnetic Properties, Clock Domains, Chebyshev Polynomials, Satellite Control Systems, Hough Transform, Watershed Transform, Blood Smear Images, Toxoplasma Gondi, Operation System Developments, MIMO Systems, Geothermal-Photovoltaic Energy Systems, Mineral Flotation Application, CMOS Techniques, Frameworks Developments, Physiological Parameters Applications, Brain-Computer Interface, Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Vision, Security Applications, FPGA Applications, IoT, Residential Automation, Data Acquisition, Industry 4.0, Cyber-Physical Systems, Digital Image Processing, Patters Recognition, Machine Learning, Photocatalytic Process, Physical-Chemical Analysis, Smoothing Filters, Frequency Synthesizers, Voltage-Controlled Ring Oscillator, Difference Amplifier, Photocatalysis, Photodegradation, current technological issues on Human, Smart and Sustainable Future of Cities, such as the Digital Transformation, Data Science, Hydrothermal Dispatch, Project Knowledge Transfer, Immunization Programs, Efficiency and Predictive Methods, PMBOK Applications, Logistics Process, IoT, Data Acquisition, Industry 4.0, Cyber-Physical Systems, Fingerspelling Recognition, Cognitive Ergonomics, Ecosystem Services, Environmental, Ecosystem Services Valuation, Solid Waste and University Extension.

It is a compilation of research works related to intelligent and emerging system design using a range of tools including soft-computation. The book includes reviews, actual designs, research works, discussion and experimental results related to works in the areas of communication, computation, vision sciences, bio-inspired system design, social dynamic, related process design, etc. The audience of this book is expected to be researchers who deal with intelligent and emerging system design through mathematical and computational modeling and experimental designs. Specifically, audiences that are broadly involved in the domains of electronics and communication, electrical engineering, mathematics, computer science, other applied informatics domains and related areas will find the book interesting. The works included in the book broadly covers all areas of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Technology, Soft-computational Applications, Human Computer Interactive Designs and Social and Economic Dynamics. The works included in the volume have been grouped into Communication, Biomedical and Social Science, HCI and Bio-inspired System Design, Speech Processing and Review totaling sixteen contributions.

158 2. Wiener Filtering 159 3. Speech Enhancement by Short-Time Spectral Modification 3. 1 Short-Time Fourier Analysis and Synthesis 159 160 3. 2 Short-Time Wiener Filter 161 3. 3 Power Subtraction 3. 4 Magnitude Subtraction 162 3. 5 Parametric Wiener Filtering 163 164 3. 6 Review and Discussion Averaging Techniques for Envelope Estimation 169 4. 169 4. 1 Moving Average 170 4. 2 Single-Pole Recursion 170 4. 3 Two-Sided Single-Pole Recursion 4. 4 Nonlinear Data Processing 171 5. Example Implementation 172 5. 1 Subband Filter Bank Architecture 172 173 5. 2 A-Posteriori-SNR Voice Activity Detector 5. 3 Example 175 6. Conclusion 175 Part IV Microphone Arrays 10 Superdirectional Microphone Arrays 181 Gary W. Elko 1. Introduction 181 2. Differential Microphone Arrays 182 3. Array Directional Gain 192 4. Optimal Arrays for Spherically Isotropic Fields 193 4. 1 Maximum Gain for Omnidirectional Microphones 193 4. 2 Maximum Directivity Index for Differential Microphones 195 4. 3 Maximimum Front-to-Back Ratio 197 4. 4 Minimum Peak Directional Response 200 4. 5 Beamwidth 201 5. Design Examples 201 5. 1 First-Order Designs 202 5. 2 Second-Order Designs 207 5. 3 Third-Order Designs 216 5. 4 Higher-Order designs 221 6. Optimal Arrays for Cylindrically Isotropic Fields 222 6. 1 Maximum Gain for Omnidirectional Microphones 222 6. 2 Optimal Weights for Maximum Directional Gain 224 6. 3 Solution for Optimal Weights for Maximum Front-to-Back Ratio for Cylindrical Noise 225 7. Sensitivity to Microphone Mismatch and Noise 230 8.

The subject of this book is Command Control Communication and Information (C3I), which is the management infrastructure for any large or complex dynamic resource system. Decision-making is the essence of C3I, which is accomplished through phased implementation of a set of facilities, communications, personnel, equipment and procedures for monitoring, forecasting, planning, directing, allocating resources, and generating options to achieve specific and general objectives. A C3I system is a decision-making network that reflects a hierarchical organization of C3I nodes. Each node is responsible for the management of some portion of the available resources, where the higher level nodes are responsible for a correspondingly greater portion of the resources. Within a C3I system, both command and control decision-making occur at every level of the hierarchy. Command decisions at one level determine how to satisfy the management decisions at a higher level. By taking similar national and international systems as a model, this book explains how the management infrastructure can be planned and designed using available technologies, techniques and standards to achieve stated user operational requirements, including time and cost constraints which may be imposed on the system. The book discusses design requirements and the technical and operational issues raised, and then deals with the main subject of designing C3I systems. This book serves as a valuable reference to professionals and C3I system designers.

This book presents selected papers from the International Conference on Computing, Communication, Electrical and Biomedical Systems (ICCCEBS 2021), held in March 2021 at KPR College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. The conference explores the interface between industry and real-time environments with newly developed techniques in computing and communications engineering. The papers describe results of conceptual, constructive, empirical, experimental, and theoretical work in areas of computing, communication, electrical, and biomedical systems. Contributors include academic scientists, researchers, industry representatives, postdoctoral fellows, and research scholars from around the world.

This book is a collection of high-quality research articles. The book includes topics specific to the emerging areas of control for robotic systems, wireless communication, and development of embedded systems for robotic applications. The book integrates three important aspects of automation, namely (i) communication, (ii) control, and (iii) embedded design for robotic applications. This book is unique as it provides a unified framework for analysis, design, and deployment of the robotic applications across various engineering and non-engineering disciplines including the three primary aspects mentioned above. Furthermore, the emerging research and development work pertaining to the deployment of intelligent, nonlinear, and embedded control for robotic system for non-standard operating environment due to the widespread application of robotics technology for societal benefit is also a focal point of the book.

This book is written for engineers who need to develop algorithms used for signal processing and/or implement algorithms using the C programming language or MATLAB. The book features a rich collection of recipes for applied signal processing such as FIR, IIR, FFT, correlation, complex FIR, adaptive filters and others. The book applies to those who want to implement in the shortest time to market working systems that are built from a collection of building blocks implemented in an FPGA firmware or C language software, running on an SBC or DSP. Structured as an instantly applicable guide, the author covers a wide collection of required solutions to common encountered problems with a software guide. All Codes in the book are verified and processing times for all C codes are specified, enabling the reader to estimate processing time on his own target, by comparing it to the I5 2.9 GHz CPU used here. Endorsements: "Your book bridges a gap between theory and implementation on hardware - which is a topic relevant to many in industry and many students who are targeting the digital signal processing industry (including communications and robotics)" Professor Alfred Hero, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA "I believe you that for many engineers the book will be practical" Professor Anthony J. Weiss, Tel Aviv University, Israel