In response to the increasing interest in developing photonic switching fabrics, this book gives an overview of the many technologies from a systems designer's perspective. Optically transparent devices, optical logic devices, and optical hardware are all discussed in detail and set into a systems context. Comprehensive, up-to-date, and profusely illustrated, the work will provide a foundation for the field, especially as broadband services are more fully developed.

The book is a compilation of high-quality scientific papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Computer & Communication Technologies (IC3T 2016). The individual papers address cutting-edge technologies and applications of soft computing, artificial intelligence and communication. In addition, a variety of further topics are discussed, which include data mining, machine intelligence, fuzzy computing, sensor networks, signal and image processing, human-computer interaction, web intelligence, etc. As such, it offers readers a valuable and unique resource.

This graduate-level text lays out the foundation of DSP for audio and the fundamentals of auditory perception, then goes on to discuss immersive audio rendering and synthesis, the digital equalization of room acoustics, and various DSP implementations. It covers a variety of topics and up-to-date results in immersive audio processing research: immersive audio synthesis and rendering, multichannel room equalization, audio selective signal cancellation, multirate signal processing for audio applications, surround sound processing, psychoacoustics and its incorporation in audio signal processing algorithms for solving various problems, and DSP implementations of audio processing algorithms on semiconductor devices.

Designed for non-specialists, this easy-to-read new edition provides a comprehensive and coherent account of static electric phenomena and concepts based on a mathematical-physical approach. It has been updated to include new and expanded material ranging from charge decay to electrostatic measurements.

This volume offers the proceedings of the 2nd UNet conference, held in Casablanca May 30 - June 1, 2016. It presents new trends and findings in hot topics related to ubiquitous computing/networking, covered in three tracks and three special sessions: Main Track 1: Context-Awareness and Autonomy Paradigms Track Main Track 2: Mobile Edge Networking and Virtualization Track Main Track 3: Enablers, Challenges and Applications Special Session 1: Smart Cities and Urban Informatics for Sustainable Development Special Session 2: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles From Theory to Applications Special Session 3: From Data to Knowledge: Big Data applications and solutions

Applied Cyber-Physical Systems presents the latest methods and technologies in the area of cyber-physical systems including medical and biological applications. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) integrate computing and communication capabilities by monitoring, and controlling the physical systems via embedded hardware and computers. This book brings together unique contributions from renowned experts on cyber-physical systems research and education with applications. It also addresses the major challenges in CPS, and then provides a resolution with various diverse applications as examples. Advanced-level students and researchers focused on computer science, engineering and biomedicine will find this to be a useful secondary text book or reference, as will professionals working in this field.

DSP System Design presents the investigation of special type of IIR polyphase filter structures combined with frequency transformation techniques used for fast, multi-rate filtering, and their application for custom fixed-point implementation. Detailed theoretical analysis of the polyphase IIR structure has been presented for two and three coefficients in the two-path arrangement. This was then generalized for arbitrary filter order and any number of paths. The use of polyphase IIR structures in decimation and interpolation is being presented and performance assessed in terms of the number of calculations required for the given filter specification and the simplicity of implementation. Specimen decimation filter designs to be used in Sigma-Delta lowpass and bandpass A/D converters are presented which prove to outperform other traditional approaches.

New frequency transformation types have been suggested for both real and complex situations. A new exact multi-point frequency transformation approach for arbitrary frequency choice has been suggested and evaluated. Applying such transformations to the existing filter allows to change their frequency response in an intuitive manner without the need of re-designing them, thus simplifying the designer's job when the specification changes during the prototyping and testing.

A new bit-flipping' algorithm has been developed to aid in filter design where the coefficient word length is constraint. Also, the standard Downhill Simplex Method (floating-point) was modified to operate with the constrained coefficient word length. Performance of both these advances is being evaluated on a number of filter cases. Novel decimation and interpolation structures have been proposed, which can be implemented very efficiently. These allow an arbitrary order IIR anti-aliasing filter to operate at the lower rate of the decimator/interpolator. Similar structures for polyphase IIR decimator/interpolator structures are being discussed too.

A new approach to digital filter design and implementation has been suggested which speeds-up silicon implementation of designs developed in Matlab. The Simulink block description is converted automatically into a bit-to-bit equivalent VHDL description. This in turn can be compiled, simulated, synthesized and fabricated without the need to go through the design process twice, first algorithmic/structural design and then the implementation.

The book is full of design and analysis techniques. It contains sufficient introductory material enabling non-expert readers to understand the material given in it.

DSP System Design may be of interest to graduate students, researchers, and professionals circuit designers, who would require fast and low-complexity digital filters for both single and multi-rate applications, especially those with low-power specification.

Rapid Prototyping of Application Specific Signal Processors presents leading-edge research that focuses on design methodology, infrastructure support and scalable architectures developed by the 150 million dollar DARPA United States Department of Defense RASSP Program. The contributions to this edited work include an introductory overview chapter that explains the origin, concepts and status of this effort. The RASSP Program is a multi-year DARPA/Tri-Service initiative intended to dramatically improve the process by which complex digital systems, particularly embedded signal processors, are designed, manufactured, upgraded and supported. This program was originally driven by military applications for signal processing. The requirements of military applications for real-time signal processing are typically more demanding than those of commercial applications, but the time gap between technology employed in advanced military prototypes and commercial products is narrowing rapidly. The research on methodologies, infrastructure and architectures presented in this book is applicable to commercial signal processing systems that are in design now, or will be developed before the end of the decade. Rapid Prototyping of Application Specific Signal Processors is a valuable reference for developers of embedded digital systems, particularly systems engineers for signal processing systems (such as digital TV, biomedical image processing systems and telecommunications) and for military contractors who are developing signal processing systems. This book will also be of interest to managers who are charged with responsibility for creating and maintaining environments and infrastructures for developing large embedded digital systems. The chief value for managers will be the defining of methods and processes that reduce development time and cost.

This is an in-depth study of the various technologies, services, and performance issues associated with networked multi-media systems. Prepared by 28 industry and academic leaders worldwide, this reference helps communications engineers understand the impact of fast-moving broadband communications technology on networked multimedia services, and how multimedia applications affect network design. It also provides research and development personnel with the practical information needed to support a wide variety of multimedia services, and how multimedia applications affect network design. In 11 chapters, the reader should learn of developments in network traffic control and also: wireless/wireline multimedia technology and applications; networked multimedia standards, requirements and planning/security issues; transmission, switching, and OA&M technologies; software architectures designed to support multimedia services; and the hypes and realities behind the next generation of multimedia.

This book originated from a workshop held at the DATE 2005 conference, namely Designing Complex SOCs. It is a state-of-the-art in issues related to System-on-Chip (SoC) design by leading experts in the fields, and covers IP development, verification, integration, chip implementation, testing and software. SOC design is fast becoming the key area of focus that engineers and researchers from the Electronic Design Automation field are focussing on in their quest to further develop Integrated Circuit technology. The more systems and even networks that we can integrate on one piece of silicon, the faster, cheaper, more powerful and efficient the technology will become. Essential Issues in SOC Design contains valuable academic and industrial examples for those involved with the design of complex SOCs, all contributors are selected from a region of the world that is generally known to lead the SOC-Revolution, namely Asia.

In many international settings, regional economies are declining resulting in lowered opportunities for these communities. This result attacks the very fabric of cohesion and purpose for these regional societies, and increases social, health, economic and sustainability problems. Community informatics research, education and practice is an emerging area in many countries, which seeks to address these issues. The primary objective of Using Community Informatics to Transform Regions is to provide leaders, policy developers, researchers, students and community workers with successful strategies and principles of Community Informatics to transform regions. This book embraces an integrative cross-sectoral approach in the use of Community Informatics to increase both social and cultural capital as a means to increased sustainability for regional communities.

Herb Caen, a popular columnist for the San Francisco Chronicle, recently quoted a Voice of America press release as saying that it was reorganizing in order to "eliminate duplication and redundancy. " This quote both states a goal of data compression and illustrates its common need: the removal of duplication (or redundancy) can provide a more efficient representation of data and the quoted phrase is itself a candidate for such surgery. Not only can the number of words in the quote be reduced without losing informa tion, but the statement would actually be enhanced by such compression since it will no longer exemplify the wrong that the policy is supposed to correct. Here compression can streamline the phrase and minimize the em barassment while improving the English style. Compression in general is intended to provide efficient representations of data while preserving the essential information contained in the data. This book is devoted to the theory and practice of signal compression, i. e., data compression applied to signals such as speech, audio, images, and video signals (excluding other data types such as financial data or general purpose computer data). The emphasis is on the conversion of analog waveforms into efficient digital representations and on the compression of digital information into the fewest possible bits. Both operations should yield the highest possible reconstruction fidelity subject to constraints on the bit rate and implementation complexity."

This book presents a selection of expanded research papers from the Fourth IFIP Workshop on the Performance Modelling and Evaluation of ATM Networks. It provides a fundamental source of reference on the latest research techniques and tools concerning ATM networks worldwide. A number of important topics are featured including: traffic modelling and characterisation, models of ATM switches, network management, high speed LANs and MANs and routing and optimization.

This book provides a comprehensive review of China's Internet development in the past 23 years since the country's first access to the Internet, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. It offers a systematic account of China's experience in Internet development and governance, and establishes and presents China's Internet Development Index System, covering network infrastructure, information technology, digital economy, e-governance, cyber security, and international cyberspace governance.

The application of computational electromagnetics to real-world EMI/EMC engineering is an emerging technology. With the advancement in electronics, EMI/EMC issues have greatly increased in complexity. As a result, it is no longer possible to rely exclusively on traditional techniques and expect cost-effective solutions. The first edition of this book introduced computational electromagnetics to EMI/EMC engineering. This second edition continues the introduction of computational electromagnetics to EMI/EMC engineering, but also adds new modeling techniques, namely the Partial Element Equivalent Circuit method and the Transmission Line Matrix method, and updates to the science of EMI/EMC modeling that have occurred since the first edition was published. This book combines the essential elements of electromagnetic theory, computational techniques, and EMI/EMC engineering as they apply to computational modeling for EMI/EMC applications. It is intended to provide an understanding for those interested in incorporating modeling techniques in their work. A variety of modeling techniques are needed for anyone interested in using computational modeling in the real world. This book includes an introduction of all the popular modeling techniques, such as the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method, the Method of Moments, the Finite Element Method, the Partial Element Equivalent Circuit method and the Transmission Line Matrix method. EMI/EMC Computational Modeling Handbook, Second Edition will serve many different levels of readers. It will serve as a basic introduction to modeling as applied to EMI/EMC problems for the engineer interested in getting started, and it will help the person already using modeling as a tool to become more effective in using different modeling techniques. It will also be useful for the engineer who is familiar with computational techniques and wishes to apply them to EMI/EMC applications. This book can also be used as a text to help students of electromagnetic theory and application better understand real-world challenges facing engineers.

Advanced Fiber Access Networks takes a holistic view of broadband access networks-from architecture to network technologies and network economies. The book reviews pain points and challenges that broadband service providers face (such as network construction, fiber cable efficiency, transmission challenges, network scalability, etc.) and how these challenges are tackled by new fiber access transmission technologies, protocols and architecture innovations. Chapters cover fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) applications as well as fiber backhauls in other access networks such as 5G wireless and hybrid-fiber-coax (HFC) networks. In addition, it covers the network economy, challenges in fiber network construction and deployment, and more. Finally, the book examines scaling issues and bottlenecks in an end-to-end broadband network, from Internet backbones to inside customer homes, something rarely covered in books.

This volume contains the papers that have been presented at the Conference on Modeling and Control of Uncertain Systems held in Sopron, Hungary on September 3-7, 1990, organised within the framework of the activities of the System and Decision Sciences Program of IIASA - the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. The importance of the subject has drawn the attention of researchers all over the world since several years. In fact, in most actual applications the knowledge about the system under investigation presents aspects of uncertainty due to measurement errors or poor understanding of the rele vant underlying mechanisms. For this reason models that take into account these intrinsic uncertainties have been used and techniques for the analysis of their behavior as well as for their estimation and control have been devel oped. The main ways to deal with uncertainty consist in its description by stochastic processes or in terms of set-valued dynamics and this volume col lects relevant contributions in both directions. However, in order to avoid undesirable distinctions between these approaches, but on the contrary to stress the unity of ideas, we decided to organize the papers according to the alphabetical order of their authors. We should like to take this opportunity to thank IIASA for supporting the Conference and the Hungarian National Member Organization for the kind hospitality in Sopron. Finally we would like to express our gratitude to Ms. Donna Huchthausen for her valuable secretarial assistance. Vienna, February 20, 1991 GIOVANNI B."

China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC 2020) Proceedings presents selected research papers from CSNC 2020 held during 22nd-25th November in Chengdu, China. These papers discuss the technologies and applications of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and the latest progress made in the China BeiDou System (BDS) especially. They are divided into 13 topics to match the corresponding sessions in CSNC2020, which broadly covered key topics in GNSS. Readers can learn about the BDS and keep abreast of the latest advances in GNSS techniques and applications.

• Technical language made simple • Researched matter • Maximum illustrations • To the point matter • Authored by a qualified person who is teaching in this field for the last 25 years

Digital signal processing (DSP) is used in a wide range of applications such as speech, telephone, mobile radio, video, radar and sonar. The sample rate requirements of these applications range from 10 KHz to 100 MHz. Real time implementation of these systems requires design of hardware which can process signal samples as these are received from the source, as opposed to storing them in buffers and processing them in batch mode. Efficient implementation of real time hardware for DSP applications requires study of families of architectures and implementation styles out of which an appropriate architecture can be selected for a specified application. To this end, the digit-serial implementation style is proposed as an appropriate design methodology for cases where bit-serial systems cannot meet the sample rate requirements, and bit-parallel systems require excessive hardware. The number of bits processed in a clock cycle is referred to as the digit-size. The hardware complexity and the achievable sample rate increase with increase in the digit-size. As special cases, a digit serial system is reduced to bit-serial or bit-parallel when the digit-size is selected to equal one or the word-length, respectively. A family of implementations can be obtained by changing the digit-size parameter, thus permitting an optimal trade-off between throughput and size. Because of their structured architecture, digit-serial designs lend themselves to automatic compilation from algorithmic descriptions. An implementation of this design methodology, the Parsifal silicon compiler was developed at the General Electric Corporate Research and Development laboratory."

FIGURE 18.13e. Detector Output. ..................................................................... 618 FIGURE 18.14a. WDM Energy Distrubution into the Fiber ........................... 619 FIGURE 18.14b. Fiber Loss for the WDM Band .............................................. 619 FIGURE 18.14c. Fiber Group Delay Distribution ............................................ 619 FIGURE 18.14d. Receive Energy Distribution ................................................. 619 FIGURE 18.15a. Channell Eye Diagram at PIN Diode ................................. 621 FIGURE 18.15b. Channel 2 Eye Diagram at PIN Diode ................................. 621 FIGURE 18.15c. Channell System Output at Detector ................................. 621 FIGURE 18.15d. Channel 2 System Output at Detector ................................. 621 PREFACE The emerging networks in our society will touch upon the life of everyone. These networks have started to bring about an immense information revolution. The revolution within our intellectual life will be similar to the materialistic revolution that followed the invention of the steam and the internal combustion engines. From the perspective of the 1980s, the information networks are indeed evolving and their influence can only be gradual. However, the strides of progress are accelerating in the 1990s. Networks in our society offer the most candid area of convergence for the computer and the communication technologies. The two technologies are mature in their own right. However, there are a few major factors that prevent network engineers from constructing modern communication systems from components borrowed from each of these two technologies: * Major innovations are happening. * Specialized components evolve in synergistic patterns. * New technologies emerge. * Inquisitive minds cross disciplinary barriers.

This unique text, for both the first year graduate student and the newcomer to the field, provides in-depth coverage of the basic principles of data communications and covers material which is not treated in other texts, including phase and timing recovery and echo cancellation. Throughout the book, exercises and applications illustrate the material while up-to-date references round out the work.

This edited monograph is written by leading experts in this area and is the first book entirely devoted to Raman amplification. Three sections include extensive background on Raman physics, descriptions of sub-systems and modules utilizing Raman technology, and a review of current state-of-the-art systems.

This book provides current R&D trends and novel approaches in design and analysis of broadband, multiband, and smart antennas for 5G and B5G mobile and wireless applications, as well as the identification of integration techniques of these antennas in a diverse range of devices. The book presents theoretical and experimental approaches to help the reader in understanding the unique design issues and more advanced research. Moreover, the book includes chapters on the fundamentals of antenna theory. The book is pertinent to professionals and researchers working in the field of antenna engineering; it is written for graduate students, researchers, academics, and industry practitioners who want to improve their understanding in the current research trends in design analysis of broadband, multiband, and smart antennas for wireless applications.

Experts address some of the main issues and uncertainties associated with the design and deployment of Automated Highway Systems (AHS). They discuss new AHS concepts, technology, and benefits, as well as institutional, environmental, and social issues - concerns that will affect dramatically the operation of the current highway system from both the vehicle and infrastructure points of view.