Formal Description Techniques and Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification addresses formal description techniques (FDTs) applicable to distributed systems and communication protocols. It aims to present the state of the art in theory, application, tools and industrialization of FDTs. Among the important features presented are: FDT-based system and protocol engineering; FDT-application to distributed systems; Protocol engineering; Practical experience and case studies. Formal Description Techniques and Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification comprises the proceedings of the Joint International Conference on Formal Description Techniques for Distributed Systems and Communication Protocols and Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification, sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing, held in November 1998, Paris, France. Formal Description Techniques and Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification is suitable as a secondary text for a graduate-level course on Distributed Systems or Communications, and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry.

Introduction to Convolutional Codes with Applications is an introduction to the basic concepts of convolutional codes, their structure and classification, various error correction and decoding techniques for convolutionally encoded data, and some of the most common applications. The definition and representations, distance properties, and important classes of convolutional codes are also discussed in detail. The book provides the first comprehensive description of table-driven correction and decoding of convolutionally encoded data. Complete examples of Viterbi, sequential, and majority-logic decoding technique are also included, allowing a quick comparison among the different decoding approaches. Introduction to Convolutional Codes with Applications summarizes the research of the last two decades on applications of convolutional codes in hybrid ARQ protocols. A new classification allows a natural way of studying the underlying concepts of hybrid schemes and accommodates all of the new research. A novel application of fast decodable invertible convolutional codes for lost packet recovery in high speed networks is described. This opens the door for using convolutional coding for error recovery in high speed networks. Practicing communications, electronics, and networking engineers who want to get a better grasp of the underlying concepts of convolutional coding and its applications will greatly benefit by the simple and concise style of explanation. An up-to-date bibliography of over 300 papers is included. Also suitable for use as a textbook or a reference text in an advanced course on coding theory with emphasis on convolutional codes.

This introduction to random variables and signals provides engineering students with the analytical and computational tools for processing random signals using linear systems. It presents the underlying theory as well as examples and applications using computational aids throughout, in particular, computer-based symbolic computation programs are used for performing the analytical manipulations and the numerical calculations. The accompanying CD-ROM provides MathcadTM and MatlabTM notebooks and sheets to develop processing methods. Intended for a one-semester course for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students, the book covers such topics as: set theory and probability; random variables, distributions, and processes; deterministic signals, spectral properties, and transformations; and filtering, and detection theory. The large number of worked examples together with the programming aids make the book eminently suited for self study as well as classroom use.

Metadata standards in today's ICT sector are proliferating at unprecedented levels, while automated information management systems collect and process exponentially increasing quantities of data. With interoperability and knowledge exchange identified as a core challenge in the sector, this book examines the role ontology engineering can play in providing solutions to the problems of information interoperability and linked data. At the same time as introducing basic concepts of ontology engineering, the book discusses methodological approaches to formal representation of data and information models, thus facilitating information interoperability between heterogeneous, complex and distributed communication systems. In doing so, the text advocates the advantages of using ontology engineering in telecommunications systems. In addition, it offers a wealth of guidance and best-practice techniques for instances in which ontology engineering is applied in cloud services, computer networks and management systems.

Engineering and computer science professionals (infrastructure architects, software developers, service designers, infrastructure operators, engineers, etc.) are today confronted as never before with the challenge of convergence in software solutions and technology. This book will help them respond creatively to what is sure to be a period of rapid development.

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The motivation for this book stems from an early exposure to the book Ap plied Mechanics by John Perry. Professor Perry strove to encourage his readers to understand the applications and use of mathematics in engineering with out insisting that they become immersed in pure mathematics. The following text uses this approach to the application of telecommunications switching. Readers wishing to study the derivation and proof of formulas will be able to do so using relevant references. The existence of low-cost programmable calculators frees practicing engineers from much laborious calculation, allowing more time for creative design and application of the art. The reader should not need to be able to derive formulas in order to apply them just as, to quote Professor Perry, "He should not have to be able to design a watch in order to tell time ... The material for this book has been drawn from my own experience in the field. Inevitably, however, I have used CCITT and Bell System publications for references and in some cases quotation, and I gratefully acknowledge permission for their use. I am also grateful to Stromberg Carlson Corporation for their earlier encour agement and support without which this book would not have been possible. Thanks are also due to Fred Hadfield for his advice and assistance in the preparation of the many figures and to my wife Ada for her support and patience as I pursued the demanding but interesting task of producing the text."

This book shows designers how to ensure signal integrity and control noise in high-speed digital systems - particularly important in a Pentium-paced environment where functional logic design is no longer separable from electrical and mechanical design. Highlighting TTL, CMOS, and BiCMOS logic applications in a single source, Signal and Power Integrity in Digital Systems provides a practical solutions-oriented approach to a wide variety of relevant interconnection and timing issues. Special features include noise tolerant logic architectures; power distribution techniques that reduce noise; clock distribution techniques that ensure clock signal quality; signal interconnection techniques that reduce crosstalk, signal loading, and transmission-line effects; how to get optimum performance from high-speed memory devices; and system application tips for high-speed PALs, PLAs, FIFOs, and ASICs. Designers will also appreciate the practical engineering approximations provided for the calculation of design parameters along with illustrations and numerous tables usable for quick reference and comparison of characteristics. It's a book every digital designer should have - engineers involved in the design of computers, peripherals, signal processors, and control and communications equipment, as well as young engineers facing their first designs using high-speed logic devices.

Optical network design and modelling is an essential issue for planning and operating networks for the next century. The main issues in optical networking are being widely investigated not only for WDM networks but also for optical TDM and optical packet switching. This book aims to contribute to further progress in optical network architectures, design, operation and management and covers the following topics in detail: OAM functions and layered design of photonic networks; network planning and design; network modelling; analysis and protocols of optical LANs; network availability and performance modelling. This book contains the selected proceedings of the International Working Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling, sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and was held in February 1997, in Vienna, Austria. The valuable book will be essential rading for personnel in computer/communication industries, and academic and research staff in computer science and electrical engineering.

This book is the companion book of reference to the first volume. The book delivers an up-to-date review of key areas in modern optics with tutorial chapters that provide information on such topics as: coherent optical fiber systems, free space optical communications, atmospheric against guided wave optical communications and techniques for signal fading and loss.

MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) for RF (radio frequency)/wireless applications is the technological engine enabling the next wave in even smaller, more sophisticated wireless products than those in use right now. MEMS is an exciting young technology and this is the first comprehensive book to address the design of RF MEMS-based circuits for use in high performance wireless systems. This groundbreaking book enables professionals to understand the realm of applications of RF MEMS technology; become knowledgeable of the wide variety and performance levels of RF MEMS devices; and design the architecture of wireless systems to achieve greater system performance with lower power requirements.

This timely volume covers issues and topics in a systematic way that quickly brings engineers up to speed with this technology. What's more, the book features exercises and detailed case studies on working RF MEMS circuits that will help practitioners decide what approaches best fit their design constraints.

Organized for the instant look-up, this "cookbook" features over 800 closed form equations covering hundreds of transmission line configurations. It consolidates and distils key design data from over 600 original sources, some dating back to the 1920s. Over 200 illustrations render physical dimensions in precise detail so the reader can zero-in quickly on the optimum configuration. The reader will find coverage of the common coax, stripline, microstrip line and coplanar waveguide configurations, as well as lines such as suspended and inverted microstrip line, finline, slotline, micro-coplanar stripline and many more.

A major challenge in grid computing remains the application software development for this new kind of infrastructure. Grid application programmers have to take into account several complicated aspects: distribution of data and computations, parallel computations on different sites and processors, heterogeneity of the involved computers, load balancing, etc. Grid programmers thus demand novel programming methodologies that abstract over such technical details while preserving the beneficial features of modern grid middleware. For this purpose, the authors introduce Higher-Order Components (HOCs). HOCs implement generic parallel/distributed processing patterns, together with the required middleware support, and they are offered to users via a high-level service interface. Users only have to provide the application-specific pieces of their programs as parameters, while low-level implementation details, such as the transfer of data across the grid, are handled by the HOCs. HOCs were developed within the CoreGRID European Network of Excellence and have become an optional extension of the popular Globus middleware. The book provides the reader with hands-on experience, describing a broad collection of example applications from various fields of science and engineering, including biology, physics, etc. The Java code for these examples is provided online, complementing the book. The expected application performance is studied and reported for extensive performance experiments on different testbeds, including grids with worldwide distribution. The book is targeted at graduate students, advanced professionals, and researchers in both academia and industry. Readers can raise their level of knowledge about methodologies for programming contemporary parallel and distributed systems, and, furthermore, they can gain practical experience in using distributed software. Practical examples show how the complementary online material can easily be adopted in various new projects.

Multi-Carrier Spread-Spectrum has been deeply studied and new alternative solutions have been proposed. This book edits the newest contributions and research results in this new field presented at the Third International Workshop on MC-SS & Related Topics, held in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.

Communications, Information and Network Security is an excellent reference for both professional and academic researchers in the field of communication. Those working in space-time coding, multiuser detection, and wireless networks will find the book to be of particular use. New and highly original results by leading experts in communication, information theory, and data security are presented. Communications, Information and Network Security is a tribute to the broad and profound work of Ian Blake in the field of communication. All of the contributors have individually and collectively dedicated their work to Professor Blake.

The goal of this book is to provide, for the first time, a reference to the most relevant applications of adaptive filtering techniques. Top researchers in the field contributed chapters addressing their specific topic of study. The topics are limited to acoustics, speech, wireless, and networking applications where research is still very active and open. The book is roughly organized into two parts. In the first part, several applications in acoustics and speech are developed. The second part focuses on wireless and networking applications. Some chapters are tutorial in nature ,while others present new research ideas, and all have in common, the use of adaptive algorithms to solve real-world problems.

This work addresses the evaluation of the human and the automatic speaker recognition performances under different channel distortions caused by bandwidth limitation, codecs, and electro-acoustic user interfaces, among other impairments. Its main contribution is the demonstration of the benefits of communication channels of extended bandwidth, together with an insight into how speaker-specific characteristics of speech are preserved through different transmissions. It provides sufficient motivation for considering speaker recognition as a criterion for the migration from narrowband to enhanced bandwidths, such as wideband and super-wideband.

Africa 2.0 provides an important history of how two technologies - mobile calling and internet - were made available to millions of sub-Saharan Africans, and the impact they have had on their lives. The book deals with the political challenges of liberalisation and privatisation that needed to be in place in order for these technologies to be built. It analyses how the mobile phone fundamentally changed communications in sub-Saharan Africa and the ways Africans have made these technologies part of their lives, opening up a very different future. The book offers a critical examination of the impact these technologies have had on development practices, and the key role development actors played in accelerating regulatory reform, fibre roll-out and mobile money. Southwood shows how corruption in the industry is a prism through which patronage relationships in government can be understood, and argues that the arrival of a start-up ecosystem in the region has the potential to change this. A vital overview of the changes of the last three decades, Africa 2.0 examines the transformative effects of mobile and internet technologies, and the very different future they have opened out for sub-Saharan Africa. -- .

This book provides, for the first time, a single complete reference on microphone arrays. Top researchers in this field contributed articles addressing their specific topics of study. The results cover the current state of the art in microphone array research, development, and technological application. Part I concerns the problem of enhancing the speech signal acquired by an array of microphones. Part II is devoted to the source localization problem. Part III details some specific applications of microphone array technology available today. Part IV presents expert summaries of current open problems in the field, as well as personal views of what the future of microphone array processing might hold. The individual chapters selected for the book were designed to be tutorial in nature with a specific emphasis on recent important results. They are of utility to a large audience, from the student or practising engineer just approaching the field to the experienced researcher.

'Data acquisition' is concerned with taking one or more analogue signals and converting them to digital form with sufficient accu racy and speed to be ready for processing by a computer. The increasing use of computers makes this an expanding field, and it is important that the conversion process is done correctly because information lost at this stage can never be regained, no matter how good the computation. The old saying - garbage in, garbage out - is very relevant to data acquisition, and so every part of the book contains a discussion of errors: where do they come from, how large are they, and what can be done to reduce them? The book aims to treat the data acquisition process in depth with less detailed chapters on the fundamental principles of measure ment, sensors and signal conditioning. There is also a chapter on software packages, which are becoming increasingly popular. This is such a rapidly changing topic that any review of available pro grams is bound to be out of date before the book reaches the read ers. For this reason, I have described the data handling which is available in various types of program and left it to the reader to select from whatever is on the market at the time."

In his paper Theory of Communication [Gab46], D. Gabor proposed the use of a family of functions obtained from one Gaussian by time-and frequency shifts. Each of these is well concentrated in time and frequency; together they are meant to constitute a complete collection of building blocks into which more complicated time-depending functions can be decomposed. The application to communication proposed by Gabor was to send the coeffi cients of the decomposition into this family of a signal, rather than the signal itself. This remained a proposal-as far as I know there were no seri ous attempts to implement it for communication purposes in practice, and in fact, at the critical time-frequency density proposed originally, there is a mathematical obstruction; as was understood later, the family of shifted and modulated Gaussians spans the space of square integrable functions [BBGK71, Per71] (it even has one function to spare [BGZ75] . . . ) but it does not constitute what we now call a frame, leading to numerical insta bilities. The Balian-Low theorem (about which the reader can find more in some of the contributions in this book) and its extensions showed that a similar mishap occurs if the Gaussian is replaced by any other function that is "reasonably" smooth and localized. One is thus led naturally to considering a higher time-frequency density.

This book discusses how smart cities strive to deploy and interconnect infrastructures and services to guarantee that authorities and citizens have access to reliable and global customized services. The book addresses the wide range of topics present in the design, development and running of smart cities, ranging from big data management, Internet of Things, and sustainable urban planning. The authors cover - from concept to practice - both the technical aspects of smart cities enabled primarily by the Internet of Things and the socio-economic motivations and impacts of smart city development. The reader will find smart city deployment motivations, technological enablers and solutions, as well as state of the art cases of smart city implementations and services. * Provides a single compendium of the technological, political, and social aspects of smart cities; * Discusses how the successful deployment of smart Cities requires a unified infrastructure to support the diverse set of applications that can be used towards urban development; * Addresses design, development and running of smart cities, including big data management and Internet of Things applications.

Excellent textbook of multimedia signal processing also dealing with the optimization of multimedia communication systems. It covers the theoretical background of one- and multidimensional signal processing, statistical analysis and modelling, coding and information theory as well as estimation and classification theory.

Lectori Salutem! This is another book - among the myriads - dealing with wireless communications. The reader might be aware: this topic is really among bestsellers in technology - bestsellers in technology itself and that in technical literature. Communications is one of the leading techniques in information society and mobile/wireless communications is one among the (maybe not more than two with optics the second) leading techniques in communications. Development of wireless communications was and is really spec- cular in the last decade of the 20th and first decade of the 21st century. Such topics as MIMO, wireless networking, security in the technological field, new business models in the service providing field, various applications in the users' side, to mention a few only, were undergoing an unprecedented evolution. So it is not surprising that the number of conferences and the number of books in this field grows and grows, in a nearly unbounded way.

The book offers an original view on channel coding, based on a unitary approach to block and convolutional codes for error correction. It presents both new concepts and new families of codes. For example, lengthened and modified lengthened cyclic codes are introduced as a bridge towards time-invariant convolutional codes and their extension to time-varying versions. The novel families of codes include turbo codes and low-density parity check (LDPC) codes, the features of which are justified from the structural properties of the component codes. Design procedures for regular LDPC codes are proposed, supported by the presented theory. Quasi-cyclic LDPC codes, in block or convolutional form, represent one of the most original contributions of the book. The use of more than 100 examples allows the reader gradually to gain an understanding of the theory, and the provision of a list of more than 150 definitions, indexed at the end of the book, permits rapid location of sought information.