In recent years, with the rapid growth of the Internet, the bandwidth demand for data traffic is exploding. Optical networks based on wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technology offer the promise to satisfy the bandwidth requirements of the Internet infrastructure. With WDM technology, signals are carried simultaneously on mUltiple wavelengths on a single fiber. WDM provides a practical approach of resolving the mismatch between the fiber ca pacity and the peak electronic processing speed. Mesh-based WDM networks have recently attracted much research and development interest since the In ternet topology is meshed in nature, and more importantly, mesh-based WDM networks are flexible with respect to routing and survivability. This book exam ines the management and survivability issues of mesh-based WDM networks and proposes new WDM network protocols and algorithms that could make telecommunication networks more efficient. Wavelength-routing has been one of the most important technologies to em ploy WDM in backbone networks. In wavelength-routed WDM networks, optical channels, which are referred to as lightpaths, are set up between WDM terminals. Most chapters of this bock are focused on various issues related to wavelength-routed networks, namely, routing and wavelength-assignment, con trol and management, fault management, and wavelength-converter placement. This book also presents an all-optical packet-switched network architecture based on the concept of photonic slot routing. The audience for this book are network designers and planners, research and development engineers active in the field of telecommunications, and students of optical networking at the graduate or senior undergraduate levels."

Bendable wearable materials like conductive strands, fluid metallic mixes, and polymer in paper are generally utilized as a part of the current adaptable electronic gadgets. Extra necessities are implemented in wearable applications. Characteristic elastic, for example, is an appealing exchange adaptable material that is biocompatible and offers high conductivity, low lost, simplicity to make, and most importantly, it is water/climate safe and condition amicable. The wearable antenna is one of the key components to establish body area network (BAN) for wireless communication, which is why it has become such an important part of antenna research. Wearable antennas are being applied successfully in various parts of life such as health monitoring, physical training, navigation, RFID, medicine, military, and more. Emerging Materials and Advanced Designs for Wearable Antennas explores how wearable antenna technology is being employed to enhance the quality of life in various industries. The technologies implemented and success of these antenna technologies is essential in the emerging field of wearable computing and is discussed in detail within the contents of this book. While covering essential topics such as the optimization of antenna material, improvement in flexible antenna performance, synthesis and design aspects of antennas, and transmission and receiving of the bendable antenna, this book is ideal for the military field, scientists, the medical field, practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, academicians, and students looking for the most advanced and updated research on the technology and implementation of wearable antennas spanning multiple industries.

The continuous wavelet transform has deep mathematical roots in the work of Alberto P. Calderon. His seminal paper on complex method of interpolation and intermediate spaces provided the main tool for describing function spaces and their approximation properties. The Calderon identities allow one to give integral representations of many natural operators by using simple pieces of such operators, which are more suited for analysis. These pieces, which are essentially spectral projections, can be chosen in clever ways and have proved to be of tremendous utility in various problems of numerical analysis, multidimensional signal processing, video data compression, and reconstruction of high resolution images and high quality speech. A proliferation of research papers and a couple of books, written in English (there is an earlier book written in French), have emerged on the subject. These books, so far, are written by specialists for specialists, with a heavy mathematical flavor, which is characteristic of the Calderon-Zygmund theory and related research of Duffin-Schaeffer, Daubechies, Grossman, Meyer, Morlet, Chui, and others. Randy Young's monograph is geared more towards practitioners and even non-specialists, who want and, probably, should be cognizant of the exciting proven as well as potential benefits which have either already emerged or are likely to emerge from wavelet theory.

This book presents the latest results on predictive control of networked systems, where communication constraints (e.g., network-induced delays and packet dropouts) and cyber attacks (e.g., deception attacks and denial-of-service attacks) are considered. For the former, it proposes several networked predictive control (NPC) methods based on input-output models and state-space models respectively. For the latter, it designs secure NPC schemes from the perspectives of information security and real-time control. Furthermore, it uses practical experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of all the methods, bridging the gap between control theory and practical applications. The book is of interest to academic researchers, R&D engineers, and graduate students in control engineering, networked control systems and cyber-physical systems.

This book addresses the challenges and design trade-offs arising during the hardware design of Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling transceivers. The authors describe how to design for coexistence between the FTN system described and Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, enabling readers to design FTN specific processing blocks as add-ons to the conventional transceiver chain.

Provides a comprehensive introduction to Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling transceivers, covering both theory and hardware implementation;
Enables readers to design systems that achieve bandwidth efficiency by making better use of the available spectrum resources;
Describes design techniques to achieve 2x improvement in bandwidth usage with similar performance as that of an OFDM system."

Space-Time Processing for CDMA Mobile Communications is one of the first books to: bring together spatial/temporal channel models and analytic performance evaluation techniques; establish a link between smart antenna systems and advanced receiver design techniques; treat smart antennas specifically for UMTS-like communication systems, with applicable simulations and calculations; supply code with MatlabA(R) GUI so readers can run or modify existing simulations or create new ones. The field of smart antenna technology or, more generally, space-time processing is rapidly becoming one of the most promising areas of mobile communications, especially regarding the development of the first practical third-generation mobile communication systems. The authors have addressed many of the most basic questions relating to the use of space-time processing in CDMA-based third-generation systems and have presented models for the integration of space-time processing, error correction coding, and multi-user detection techniques. Included is extensive background information on cellular systems, antenna array theory, smart antenna techniques, performance of basic space-time processors and advanced space-time processors. The book also includes an extensive simulation program written in MatlabA(R). The simulation code implements both the uplink and the downlink of a UMTS-like communication system. This provides multiple options for simulating system performance using a variety of channel models as well as receiver structures. Space-Time Processing for CDMA Mobile Communications will be an invaluable reference work for engineers and researchers, and a useful source for design engineers enabling them tounderstand the implications of adding space-time processing systems to CDMA-based communication systems.

Africa 2.0 provides an important history of how two technologies - mobile calling and internet - were made available to millions of sub-Saharan Africans, and the impact they have had on their lives. The book deals with the political challenges of liberalisation and privatisation that needed to be in place in order for these technologies to be built. It analyses how the mobile phone fundamentally changed communications in sub-Saharan Africa and the ways Africans have made these technologies part of their lives, opening up a very different future. The book offers a critical examination of the impact these technologies have had on development practices, and the key role development actors played in accelerating regulatory reform, fibre roll-out and mobile money. Southwood shows how corruption in the industry is a prism through which patronage relationships in government can be understood, and argues that the arrival of a start-up ecosystem in the region has the potential to change this. A vital overview of the changes of the last three decades, Africa 2.0 examines the transformative effects of mobile and internet technologies, and the very different future they have opened out for sub-Saharan Africa. -- .

Optical network design and modeling is an essential issue for planning and operating networks for the next century. The main issues in optical networking are being widely investigated, not only for WDM networks but also for optical TDM and optical packet switching. This book contributes to further progress in optical network architectures, design, operation and management and covers the following topics in detail: Optical switching and Teabit networking; Future OTDM and packet switched networks; WDM ring networks; Optical interworking and packets over wavelength'; Hybrid and switchless networks; Medium access protocols for optical LANs and MANs. This book contains the selected proceedings of the Fourth International Working Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling, which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), and held in February 2000, in Athens, Greece. This valuable new book will be essential reading for academic researchers and practitioners working in computer science, electrical engineering, and communications.

Formal Description Techniques and Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification addresses formal description techniques (FDTs) applicable to distributed systems and communication protocols. It aims to present the state of the art in theory, application, tools and industrialization of FDTs. Among the important features presented are: FDT-based system and protocol engineering; FDT-application to distributed systems; Protocol engineering; Practical experience and case studies. Formal Description Techniques and Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification comprises the proceedings of the Joint International Conference on Formal Description Techniques for Distributed Systems and Communication Protocols and Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification, sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing, held in November 1998, Paris, France. Formal Description Techniques and Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification is suitable as a secondary text for a graduate-level course on Distributed Systems or Communications, and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry.

Introduction to Convolutional Codes with Applications is an introduction to the basic concepts of convolutional codes, their structure and classification, various error correction and decoding techniques for convolutionally encoded data, and some of the most common applications. The definition and representations, distance properties, and important classes of convolutional codes are also discussed in detail. The book provides the first comprehensive description of table-driven correction and decoding of convolutionally encoded data. Complete examples of Viterbi, sequential, and majority-logic decoding technique are also included, allowing a quick comparison among the different decoding approaches. Introduction to Convolutional Codes with Applications summarizes the research of the last two decades on applications of convolutional codes in hybrid ARQ protocols. A new classification allows a natural way of studying the underlying concepts of hybrid schemes and accommodates all of the new research. A novel application of fast decodable invertible convolutional codes for lost packet recovery in high speed networks is described. This opens the door for using convolutional coding for error recovery in high speed networks. Practicing communications, electronics, and networking engineers who want to get a better grasp of the underlying concepts of convolutional coding and its applications will greatly benefit by the simple and concise style of explanation. An up-to-date bibliography of over 300 papers is included. Also suitable for use as a textbook or a reference text in an advanced course on coding theory with emphasis on convolutional codes.

This introduction to random variables and signals provides engineering students with the analytical and computational tools for processing random signals using linear systems. It presents the underlying theory as well as examples and applications using computational aids throughout, in particular, computer-based symbolic computation programs are used for performing the analytical manipulations and the numerical calculations. The accompanying CD-ROM provides MathcadTM and MatlabTM notebooks and sheets to develop processing methods. Intended for a one-semester course for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students, the book covers such topics as: set theory and probability; random variables, distributions, and processes; deterministic signals, spectral properties, and transformations; and filtering, and detection theory. The large number of worked examples together with the programming aids make the book eminently suited for self study as well as classroom use.

Metadata standards in today's ICT sector are proliferating at unprecedented levels, while automated information management systems collect and process exponentially increasing quantities of data. With interoperability and knowledge exchange identified as a core challenge in the sector, this book examines the role ontology engineering can play in providing solutions to the problems of information interoperability and linked data. At the same time as introducing basic concepts of ontology engineering, the book discusses methodological approaches to formal representation of data and information models, thus facilitating information interoperability between heterogeneous, complex and distributed communication systems. In doing so, the text advocates the advantages of using ontology engineering in telecommunications systems. In addition, it offers a wealth of guidance and best-practice techniques for instances in which ontology engineering is applied in cloud services, computer networks and management systems.

Engineering and computer science professionals (infrastructure architects, software developers, service designers, infrastructure operators, engineers, etc.) are today confronted as never before with the challenge of convergence in software solutions and technology. This book will help them respond creatively to what is sure to be a period of rapid development.

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This book is the companion book of reference to the first volume. The book delivers an up-to-date review of key areas in modern optics with tutorial chapters that provide information on such topics as: coherent optical fiber systems, free space optical communications, atmospheric against guided wave optical communications and techniques for signal fading and loss.

The motivation for this book stems from an early exposure to the book Ap plied Mechanics by John Perry. Professor Perry strove to encourage his readers to understand the applications and use of mathematics in engineering with out insisting that they become immersed in pure mathematics. The following text uses this approach to the application of telecommunications switching. Readers wishing to study the derivation and proof of formulas will be able to do so using relevant references. The existence of low-cost programmable calculators frees practicing engineers from much laborious calculation, allowing more time for creative design and application of the art. The reader should not need to be able to derive formulas in order to apply them just as, to quote Professor Perry, "He should not have to be able to design a watch in order to tell time ... The material for this book has been drawn from my own experience in the field. Inevitably, however, I have used CCITT and Bell System publications for references and in some cases quotation, and I gratefully acknowledge permission for their use. I am also grateful to Stromberg Carlson Corporation for their earlier encour agement and support without which this book would not have been possible. Thanks are also due to Fred Hadfield for his advice and assistance in the preparation of the many figures and to my wife Ada for her support and patience as I pursued the demanding but interesting task of producing the text."

This book shows designers how to ensure signal integrity and control noise in high-speed digital systems - particularly important in a Pentium-paced environment where functional logic design is no longer separable from electrical and mechanical design. Highlighting TTL, CMOS, and BiCMOS logic applications in a single source, Signal and Power Integrity in Digital Systems provides a practical solutions-oriented approach to a wide variety of relevant interconnection and timing issues. Special features include noise tolerant logic architectures; power distribution techniques that reduce noise; clock distribution techniques that ensure clock signal quality; signal interconnection techniques that reduce crosstalk, signal loading, and transmission-line effects; how to get optimum performance from high-speed memory devices; and system application tips for high-speed PALs, PLAs, FIFOs, and ASICs. Designers will also appreciate the practical engineering approximations provided for the calculation of design parameters along with illustrations and numerous tables usable for quick reference and comparison of characteristics. It's a book every digital designer should have - engineers involved in the design of computers, peripherals, signal processors, and control and communications equipment, as well as young engineers facing their first designs using high-speed logic devices.

Optical network design and modelling is an essential issue for planning and operating networks for the next century. The main issues in optical networking are being widely investigated not only for WDM networks but also for optical TDM and optical packet switching. This book aims to contribute to further progress in optical network architectures, design, operation and management and covers the following topics in detail: OAM functions and layered design of photonic networks; network planning and design; network modelling; analysis and protocols of optical LANs; network availability and performance modelling. This book contains the selected proceedings of the International Working Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling, sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and was held in February 1997, in Vienna, Austria. The valuable book will be essential rading for personnel in computer/communication industries, and academic and research staff in computer science and electrical engineering.

MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) for RF (radio frequency)/wireless applications is the technological engine enabling the next wave in even smaller, more sophisticated wireless products than those in use right now. MEMS is an exciting young technology and this is the first comprehensive book to address the design of RF MEMS-based circuits for use in high performance wireless systems. This groundbreaking book enables professionals to understand the realm of applications of RF MEMS technology; become knowledgeable of the wide variety and performance levels of RF MEMS devices; and design the architecture of wireless systems to achieve greater system performance with lower power requirements.

This timely volume covers issues and topics in a systematic way that quickly brings engineers up to speed with this technology. What's more, the book features exercises and detailed case studies on working RF MEMS circuits that will help practitioners decide what approaches best fit their design constraints.

A major challenge in grid computing remains the application software development for this new kind of infrastructure. Grid application programmers have to take into account several complicated aspects: distribution of data and computations, parallel computations on different sites and processors, heterogeneity of the involved computers, load balancing, etc. Grid programmers thus demand novel programming methodologies that abstract over such technical details while preserving the beneficial features of modern grid middleware. For this purpose, the authors introduce Higher-Order Components (HOCs). HOCs implement generic parallel/distributed processing patterns, together with the required middleware support, and they are offered to users via a high-level service interface. Users only have to provide the application-specific pieces of their programs as parameters, while low-level implementation details, such as the transfer of data across the grid, are handled by the HOCs. HOCs were developed within the CoreGRID European Network of Excellence and have become an optional extension of the popular Globus middleware. The book provides the reader with hands-on experience, describing a broad collection of example applications from various fields of science and engineering, including biology, physics, etc. The Java code for these examples is provided online, complementing the book. The expected application performance is studied and reported for extensive performance experiments on different testbeds, including grids with worldwide distribution. The book is targeted at graduate students, advanced professionals, and researchers in both academia and industry. Readers can raise their level of knowledge about methodologies for programming contemporary parallel and distributed systems, and, furthermore, they can gain practical experience in using distributed software. Practical examples show how the complementary online material can easily be adopted in various new projects.

Multi-Carrier Spread-Spectrum has been deeply studied and new alternative solutions have been proposed. This book edits the newest contributions and research results in this new field presented at the Third International Workshop on MC-SS & Related Topics, held in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.

Communications, Information and Network Security is an excellent reference for both professional and academic researchers in the field of communication. Those working in space-time coding, multiuser detection, and wireless networks will find the book to be of particular use. New and highly original results by leading experts in communication, information theory, and data security are presented. Communications, Information and Network Security is a tribute to the broad and profound work of Ian Blake in the field of communication. All of the contributors have individually and collectively dedicated their work to Professor Blake.

The goal of this book is to provide, for the first time, a reference to the most relevant applications of adaptive filtering techniques. Top researchers in the field contributed chapters addressing their specific topic of study. The topics are limited to acoustics, speech, wireless, and networking applications where research is still very active and open. The book is roughly organized into two parts. In the first part, several applications in acoustics and speech are developed. The second part focuses on wireless and networking applications. Some chapters are tutorial in nature ,while others present new research ideas, and all have in common, the use of adaptive algorithms to solve real-world problems.

Following on from "Optical Fiber Sensors", Volumes 1 and 2, this third volume discusses the significance and applications of recent fibre optic development, including: Fiber Bragg grating and its impact on the basis of sensing technology; optical fibre amplifiers and their emergence as an important optical source when configured as a laser and as a broadband photoluminescent device; and the developments of distributed sensing.

This work addresses the evaluation of the human and the automatic speaker recognition performances under different channel distortions caused by bandwidth limitation, codecs, and electro-acoustic user interfaces, among other impairments. Its main contribution is the demonstration of the benefits of communication channels of extended bandwidth, together with an insight into how speaker-specific characteristics of speech are preserved through different transmissions. It provides sufficient motivation for considering speaker recognition as a criterion for the migration from narrowband to enhanced bandwidths, such as wideband and super-wideband.

This book provides, for the first time, a single complete reference on microphone arrays. Top researchers in this field contributed articles addressing their specific topics of study. The results cover the current state of the art in microphone array research, development, and technological application. Part I concerns the problem of enhancing the speech signal acquired by an array of microphones. Part II is devoted to the source localization problem. Part III details some specific applications of microphone array technology available today. Part IV presents expert summaries of current open problems in the field, as well as personal views of what the future of microphone array processing might hold. The individual chapters selected for the book were designed to be tutorial in nature with a specific emphasis on recent important results. They are of utility to a large audience, from the student or practising engineer just approaching the field to the experienced researcher.