How does public transport work in an African city under neoliberalism? Who owns what in it? Who has the power to influence its shape and changes in it over time? What does it mean to be a precarious and informal worker in the private minibuses that provide public transport in Dar es Salaam? These are the main questions that inform this in-depth case study of Dar es Salaam's public transport system over more than forty years. The growth of cities and informal economies are two central manifestations of globalization in the developing world. Taken for a Ride addresses both, drawing on long-term fieldwork in Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) and charting its public transport system's journey from public to private provision. This new addition to the Critical Frontiers of Theory, Research and Practice in International Development Studies series investigates this shift alongside the increasing deregulation of the sector and the resulting chaotic modality of public transport. It reviews state attempts to regain control over public transport and documents how informal wage relations prevailed in the sector. The changing political attitude of workers towards employers and the state is investigated: from an initial incapacity to respond to exploitation, to the political organisation and unionisation which won workers concessions on labour rights. A longitudinal study of workers throws light on patterns of occupational mobility in the sector, and the political and economic interests that shaped the introduction of Bus Rapid Transit in Dar es Salaam, and local resistance to it are analysed. Taken for a Ride reveals the political economy of public transport, exposing the limitations of market fundamentalist and post-colonial scholarship on economic informality, the urban experience in developing countries, and the failure to locate the agency of the urban poor within their economic and political structures. It is both a contribution and a call for the contextualised study of 'actually existing neoliberalism'.

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) use information and communications technologies (ICT) to deliver transport improvements instead of extending physical infrastructure, thereby saving money and reducing environmental impact. This book provides an overview of ICT-based intelligent road transport systems with an emphasis on evaluation methods and recent evaluation results of ITS development and deployment. Topics covered include: ITS evaluation policy; frameworks and methods for ITS evaluation; ITS impact evaluation; the network perspective; field operational tests (FOTs); assessing transport measures using cost-benefit and multicriteria analysis; technical assessment of the performance of in-vehicle systems; opportunities and challenges in the era of new pervasive technology; evaluation of automated driving functions; user-related evaluation of ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) and automated driving; evaluation of traffic management; performance assessment of a wet weather pilot system; case studies from China; heavy vehicle overload control benefit and cost. With chapters from an international panel of leading experts, this book is essential reading for researchers and advanced students from academia, industry and government working in intelligent road transport systems.

On 6 July 2012, the President signed into law a new two-year transportation reauthorisation bill, the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21.) This bill authorises funds for Federal-aid highways, highway safety programs, transit programs, and for other purposes. This book responds to the MAP-21 requirement that the Secretary of Transportation to complete an examination of the need for safety standards with regard to electronic systems in passenger motor vehicles. Moreover, the book reviews security and privacy gaps that put American drivers at risk.

As early as the 1910s, African drivers in colonial Ghana understood the possibilities that using imported motor transport could further the social and economic agendas of a diverse array of local agents, including chiefs, farmers, traders, fishermen, and urban workers. Jennifer Hart's powerful narrative of auto-mobility shows how drivers built on old trade routes to increase the speed and scale of motorized travel. Hart reveals that new forms of labor migration, economic enterprise, cultural production, and social practice were defined by autonomy and mobility and thus shaped the practices and values that formed the foundations of Ghanaian society today. Focusing on the everyday lives of individuals who participated in this century of social, cultural, and technological change, Hart comes to a more sensitive understanding of the ways in which these individuals made new technology meaningful to their local communities and associated it with their future aspirations.

As early as the 1910s, African drivers in colonial Ghana understood the possibilities that using imported motor transport could further the social and economic agendas of a diverse array of local agents, including chiefs, farmers, traders, fishermen, and urban workers. Jennifer Hart's powerful narrative of auto-mobility shows how drivers built on old trade routes to increase the speed and scale of motorized travel. Hart reveals that new forms of labor migration, economic enterprise, cultural production, and social practice were defined by autonomy and mobility and thus shaped the practices and values that formed the foundations of Ghanaian society today. Focusing on the everyday lives of individuals who participated in this century of social, cultural, and technological change, Hart comes to a more sensitive understanding of the ways in which these individuals made new technology meaningful to their local communities and associated it with their future aspirations.

A must-read for anyone interested in the future of the automobile industry, our cities, and the way we live. This book coins the term 'Mobility Revolution' and is a summary of the 'three zeroes' that are defining the future for the automobile industry: Zero Emissions, Zero Accidents and Zero Ownership. Electric, autonomous and shared vehicles are beginning to transform the way we live, work, and move about in our increasingly urban environment. The impact goes well beyond the automotive industry and its suppliers. Public transport, utilities, construction, logistics, financial services companies and even your local cafe will need to think and operate differently. The magnitude of the change is as significant as Gottlieb Daimler and Henry Ford's transformation of our cities 130 years ago, when cars replaced horses. Lukas Neckermann describes a revolution that is coming much sooner than we think. Based on countless interviews, 'The Mobility Revolution' is highly current and thoroughly researched, whilst also fun to read. It is an eye-opener to a new world that awaits us.

In this book, cargo securing in road transport using the restraining method with top-over lashing is presented. Cargo securing is the prevention of slipping and tipping of cargo forward, sideways and backwards, which is a consequence of hard braking, vehicle cornering in roundabout, vehicle changing lanes, high acceleration, etc. Usually, the friction alone between the cargo and the load platform bed does not guarantee that the cargo would not slip or tip in case of hard braking, vehicle cornering, vehicle changing lanes and high acceleration. In the case of hard braking, extremely large inertial force occurs, close to values of the 0.8g, which is also confirmed in this book. Also the resting moment of the cargo does not guarantee that cargo when vehicle cornering or vehicle changing lanes, would not tip from the load platform bed. For this purpose, it is necessary to protect the cargo with an additional force, which is called the pretension force. It has been found out that the pretension force depends on several factors, like lashing angle, coefficient of friction between the cargo and the load platform bed, geometrical and actual center of gravity, etc., which is analyzed and discussed in-depth in this book. The results of the analysis showed that the pretension force significantly depends on the friction coefficient when securing cargo against slipping and the center of gravity when securing cargo against tipping from the load platform bed. This book presents useful information in determining the required pretension force, which has a consequence in determining the necessary number of lashings for efficient cargo securing in road transport.

Growing the UK auto supply chain is seen as an issue of the highest priority by the Automotive Council. This 'sourcing roadmap' provides and overview of current and prospective patterns in the UK automotive industry. It serves and the empirical grounding for determining and prioritising activities by the Automotive Council to retain and build supply chain capabilities in the UK automotive industry.

This paper describes the characteristics of public investment management (PIM) in seven EU countries as it applies to a single sector transport infrastructure. The report highlights some of the common challenges that four relatively new EU member states Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Latvia face as they plan and execute their transport infrastructure projects. It recognizes the importance that EU-mandated processes and procedures have in shaping national systems in the new member states (NMS), but the report finds that actual practices often fall short of EU goals due to capacity constraints, weak institutional structures, and other factors. The experiences of the NMS are compared with those of more developed economies (namely Spain, the UK, and Ireland) to assess whether the later countries have faced similar challenges in managing public investment, and if so, what measures they have adopted to overcome them. This comparative analysis serves to draw out several good practice examples that are relevant for all countries. How those practices are applied in each country is a matter for further study, as each country considers its own political culture and administrative tradition. This paper is a first step toward building dialogue among public finance practitioners in Central and Eastern Europe on how to make public investment projects more effective and efficient over the long term."

"Mathew, as a member of the Organizing Committee of the New York Taxi Workers Alliance, has a unique perspective on the plight of immigrant taxi drivers. . . . Mathew explores the history of New York's taxicab industry, which has been in a cycle of corruption and reform since the Depression. The book culminates in an essay on globalization, immigration, racism, and the false veneer of multiculturalism in neoliberal society." Booklist"Mathew describes the grim economics of driving the ubiquitous yellow cabs a job where most of the money goes to the cab company owners and where even minor problems, such as a few tickets or a short illness, can spell disaster for drivers." Financial Times"Jump aboard this fast-paced ride through the ins and outs of the taxi industry in New York City and sit up front with the 40,000 cabbies who are overworked, underpaid, and routinely harassed, but have come together to improve their lot. . . . Fasten your seatbelt, grip the dashboard, and enjoy the trip." Morning Star (U.K.)"Drivers' narratives in Taxi can be riveting, inspiring, and upsetting all at the same time. . . . Their tales penetrate deep into the exploitive nature of the taxi industry. . . . In describing precisely how a group of seemingly powerless immigrant workers flexed their muscles, Taxi critiques the labor movement and the broader movement for social justice." Left TurnDriving a cab has long attracted recent immigrants and others at the margins of the economy. In recent years, however, the working conditions and the nature of cab ownership have changed. As Biju Mathew reveals in this lively account of the benefits and hardships in the lives of today's taxi drivers, just about everything has changed dramatically except the yellow paint. At once a passionate declaration of worker solidarity and an ethnography of work, Taxi is a compelling narrative of the lives of immigrant taxi drivers in New York City. This updated edition covers the formation of the International Taxi Workers Alliance, the unusual collaboration with the Central Labor Council, and 2007 taxi strikes protesting New York City's plan requiring taxicabs to install costly global positioning systems and credit-card machines."

This title presents a car-centered history of life on the island. Vintage U.S.-made cars on the streets of Havana provide a common representation of Cuba. Journalist Richard Schweid, who traveled throughout the island to research the story of motor vehicles in Cuba today and yesterday, gets behind the wheel and behind the stereotype in this colorful chronicle of cars, buses, and trucks. In his captivating, sometimes gritty voice, Schweid blends previously untapped historical sources with his personal experiences, spinning a car-centered history of life on the island over the past century. The narrative is complemented by fifty-two historic black-and-white photographs and eight color photographs by contemporary Cuban photographer Adalberto Roque.

"Pick a good model and stay with it," Henry Ford once said. No, he was not talking about cars; he was talking about marriage. Was Clara Bryant Ford a "good model"? Her husband of fifty-nine years seems to have thought so. He called her "The Believer," and indeed Clara's unwavering support of Henry's pursuits and her patient tolerance of the quirks and obsessions that accompanied her husband's genius made it possible for him to change the world. In telling the story of "Clara Ford", author Ford Bryan also charts the course of the growing automobile industry and the life of the enigmatic man at its helm. But the book's heart is Clara herself-daughter, sister, wife, mother, and grandmother; cook, gardener, and dancer; modest philanthropist and quiet role model. Clara is newly revealed in accounts and documents gleaned from personal papers, oral histories, and archival material never made public until now.

Questions the science and reasoning behind governmental regulations limiting motorists' personal mobility. The book examines the Kyoto summit, treaty proposals, new clean air standards, the deterioration of the US road system, safety, and the uncertainty about the roles of various climatic factors.

This volume, the first to result from the Diebold Institute Information-Based Infrastructure Project, explores the links between business and government in the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technology. The work focuses on road and vehicular infrastructures, comparing those of the U.S., Europe, and Japan, and the roles that ITS can play in solving major current and anticipated future transportational problems. Special attention is given to environmental and economic concerns.

The world's infrastructure requires refurbishing, but it especially requires rethinking. The computer has transformed business enterprises and now information technology can change our environment. This book explores the benefits and how to achieve them through the use of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The implementation of ITS will potentially lead to individual drivers, fleet operators, and public transit users saving vast amounts of journey time and fuel, to a significant reduction in pollution and to improved road safety. The Japanese are ahead of the U.S. and Europe in the area of intelligent transportation systems, using position location devices, and electronic maps.

Most look at this development as one that helps speed passenger cars, but this book details the economics which point to the technology being equally good for speeding trucks and easing the movement of freight. Traffic avoidance is only part of the problem although route guidance is helpful. Financing of projects in ITS is an important area for innovation and ITS could be a source of revenue to municipalities rather than an expense.

As the recent shake-up at GM underscores, the new global economy has widened the cracks and stresses in the American auto industry. But, as this new edition of the highly regarded Sustaining Hand reminds us, the auto industry remains a central if volatile player in American urban politics.

In this significantly revised update, Bryan Jones and Lynn Bachelor have extended and refined their analysis of Detroit-area automakers and political leaders negotiating the selection of new factory sites (and thus the addition of thousands of jobs to the local economy). Their thorough revision develops a crucial new concept--solution sets--updates all plant location decisions reported in the first edition, and adds an instructive new case study--the Chrysler Jefferson Avenue plant in Detroit.

This book seeks to uncover the linkages between business leaders(motivated by profit) and political decision makers (motivated by electoral gain) by examining the responses of public officials in three Michigan "auto cities"--Detroit, Flint, and Pontiac--to plant-location choices made by General Motors and Chrysler. Throughout, the authors focus on three issues-the relationship between the local industrial economy and the local political system, the structure of urban politics, and the degree of independence of political decision makers in urban affairs.

As Jones and Bachelor show, urban regimes, in their efforts to shore up sagging economies, develop characteristic solution-sets that are applied almost routinely to superficially similar situations. In fact, they contend, it's rare for a regime to start with a problem and search for a policy solution. Instead, through a pattern of interactions among politicians, business executives, labor unions, and other interested parties, a "package" of problem-definitions and preferred solutions emerges. But if applied indiscriminately, these solutions can become dysfunctional, which in turn may attract new participants to the policy process and ultimately alter the regime's character.

"An excellent case analysis of urban political economy. . . interesting, sophisticated, well written. It is sure to be widely discussed."--Clarence N. Stone, author of "Urban Policy and Politics in a Bureaucratic Age" and "Economic Growth and Neighborhood Discontent."

"This new version makes significant new contributions to both the urban politics and public policy literatures, and indeed marries them in an utterly unique way. The concept of solution sets is brilliant, and I assume that it will be much discussed and utilized in the urban literature."--Dennis Judd, author of "The Politics of American Cities: Private Power and Public Policy."

Praise for the first edition:

"An excellent book. The authors demonstrate a considerable capacity for theoretical innovation and a rare appreciation of the detail and complexity of local economic development. This book is a model for those who would like to situate the local economic development process in a more general analytical framework."--"Urban Studies"

"A provocative addition to the literature"--"Choice"

Travel between southwestern towns at the turn of the century was an arduous experience. There were no longer any stagecoaches to carry travelers. Railroads did criss-cross the region, but they did not go through every burg. Motor cars were appearing, but not everyone could afford them. W. B. Chenoweth saw this void in transportation service. He designed a six-cylinder "motor driven stage coach," and in 1907 he coaxed a few passengers into the vehicle for a trip from Colorado City to Snyder, Texas.
As soon as passengers became used to Chenoweth's noisy coaches, the dusty paths, and, most important, the quicker trips, motor-coach wildcatters began to crop up across the Southwest. Bus companies grew, merged, and absorbed smaller companies.
Author Jack Rhodes has interviewed dozens of owners, executives, drivers, and ticket agents in his research for this book. Those interested in business history or the cultural elements of the era's buses, represented here in dozens of period photographs, will find this an engaging read.

The bus system that came to be known as the Greyhound Bus Company was founded by Carl Eric Wickman, an enterprising Swede of Hibbing, Minnesota. The first bus was a seven-passenger Hupmobile touring car that was used to transport miners across the Mesaba Iron Range to and from work. Wickman was soon joined by another Swede, Andrew Anderson, and they began operating in earnest the route from a saloon in Hibbing to the fire-hall in Alice. From this lowly beginning grew the Greyhound Corporation, a multi-million dollar company which, through the years, has owned everything from a chain of hamburger restaurants to a soap company.

Drive the streets of Nairobi and you are sure to see many matatus colorful minibuses that transport huge numbers of people around the city. Once ramshackle affairs held together with duct tape and wire, matatus today are name-brand vehicles maxed out with aftermarket detailing. They can be stately black or come in extravagant colors, sporting names, slogans, or entire tableaus, with airbrushed portraits of everyone from Kanye West to Barack Obama, of athletes, movie stars, or the most famous face of all: Jesus Christ. In this richly interdisciplinary book, Kenda Mutongi explores the history of the matatu from the 1960s to the present. As Mutongi shows, matatus offer a window onto many socioeconomic and political facets of late-twentieth-century Africa. In their diversity of idiosyncratic designs they express multiple and divergent aspects of Kenyan life including rapid urbanization, organized crime, entrepreneurship, social insecurity, the transition to democracy, chaos and congestion, popular culture, and many others at once embodying both Kenya's staggering social problems and the bright promises of its future. Offering a shining model of interdisciplinary analysis, Mutongi mixes historical, ethnographic, literary, linguistic, and economic approaches to tell the story of the matatu as a powerful expression of the entrepreneurial aesthetics of the postcolonial world.

A critical era in California's history and development - the building of the first roads over the Sierra Nevada - is thoroughly and colorfully documented in Thomas Howard's fascinating book. During California's first two decades of statehood (1850-1870), the state was separated from the east coast by a sea journey of at least six weeks. Although Californians expected to be connected with the other states by railroad soon after the 1849 Gold Rush, almost twenty years elapsed before this occurred. Meanwhile, various overland road ventures were launched by 'emigrants', former gold miners, state government officials, the War Department, the Interior Department, local politicians, town businessmen, stagecoach operators, and other entrepreneurs whose alliances with one another were constantly shifting. The broad landscape of international affairs is also a part of Howard's story. Constructing roads and accumulating geographic information in the Sierra Nevada reflected Washington's interest in securing the vast western territories formerly held by others. In a remarkably short time the Sierra was transformed by vigorous exploration, road-promotion, and road-building. Ox-drawn wagons gave way to stagecoaches able to provide service as fine as any in the country. Howard effectively uses diaries, letters, newspaper stories, and official reports to recreate the human struggle and excitement involved in building the first trans-Sierra roads. Some of those roads have become modern highways used by thousands every day, while others are now only dim traces in the lonely backcountry.

An evocative and powerful portrait of America in transition, The End of the Line tells the story of what the 1988 closing of the Chrysler assembly plant in Kenosha, Wisconsin, meant to the people who lived in that company town. Since the early days of the twentieth century, Kenosha had forged its identity and politics around the interests of the auto industry. When nearly six thousand workers lost their jobs in the shutdown, the community faced not only a serious economic crisis but also a profound moral one. In this innovative study, Dudley describes the painful, often confusing process of change that residents of Kenosha, like the increasing number of Americans who are caught in the crossfire of deindustrialization, were forced to undergo. Through interviews with displaced autoworkers and Kenosha's community leaders, high-school counselors, and a rising class of upwardly mobile professionals, Dudley dramatizes the lessons Kenoshans drew from the plant shutdown. When economic forces intrude on our lives, the resulting changes in earning power, status, and access to opportunity affect our sense of who we are, what we are worth, the nature of the world we live in, and in particular, what it takes to succeed. Dudley examines how ideas about self-worth - especially those based on market ideologies of competition and the Darwinian notion that only the fittest survive - become the subject of intense cultural conflict. Dudley describes a community in conflict with itself: while Kenosha's autoworkers struggle to regain an economic foothold and make sense of their suddenly devalued place in society, white-collar workers, professionals, and a new wave of politicians see themselves at thevanguard of a new moral order that redefines community as a "culture of mind" instead of the traditional "culture of hands" long associated with the work of the assembly line. This honest, moving portrait of one town's radical shift from a manufacturing to a postindustrial economy will redefine the way Americans across class lines think about our families, communities, and future.

The immense, global transportation and logistics sector is vital to businesses of all types. This carefully-researched book covers exciting trends in supply chain and logistics management, transportation, just in time delivery, warehousing, distribution, intermodal shipment systems, airlines, trains, marine transport, courier services, logistics services, purchasing and advanced technologies such as RFID. This reference tool includes thorough market analysis as well as our highly respected trends analysis. It contains thousands of contacts for business and industry leaders, industry associations, Internet sites and other resources. This book also includes statistical tables, an industry glossary and thorough indexes. The corporate profiles section of the book includes our proprietary, in-depth profiles of the 500 leading companies, worldwide, in all facets of the transportation and logistics industry, including private and public firms. Here you'll find complete profiles of the hot companies that are making news today, the largest, most successful corporations in the business. You'll find a complete overview, industry analysis and market research report in one superb, value-priced package.

The immense, global transportation and logistics sector is vital to businesses of all types. This carefully-researched book covers exciting trends in supply chain and logistics management, transportation, just in time delivery, warehousing, distribution, intermodal shipment systems, airlines, trains, marine transport, courier services, logistics services, purchasing and advanced technologies such as RFID. This reference tool includes thorough market analysis as well as our highly respected trends analysis. It contains thousands of contacts for business and industry leaders, industry associations, Internet sites and other resources. This book also includes statistical tables, an industry glossary and thorough indexes. The corporate profiles section of the book includes our proprietary, in-depth profiles of the 500 leading companies, worldwide, in all facets of the transportation and logistics industry, including private and public firms. Here you'll find complete profiles of the hot companies that are making news today, the largest, most successful corporations in the business. You'll find a complete overview, industry analysis and market research report in one superb, value-priced package.

Social inclusion/exclusion has only recently emerged in transport-related discourse. Despite the apparent absence of a transport policy framework for social inclusion/exclusion, there has been some movement towards a greater understanding of the social aspects of transport in the research sphere. This book brings together some of this research, focusing on ethnicity - an area that has, so far, had little discussion in the traditional transport literature, thereby contributing to the exploration of the interface between transport and social exclusion. In particular, it examines the contribution that demand management measures can make to the reduction of the negative impacts of road-based transport. It questions whether methods such as road user charging and work place parking can be used as instruments for social inclusion, and analyses the potential negative impacts of these schemes if sufficient attention is not paid to ethnicity issues.

Long-haul trucks have been described as sweatshops on wheels. The typical long-haul trucker works the equivalent of two full-time jobs, often for little more than minimum wage. But it wasn't always this way. Trucking used to be one of the best working-class jobs in the United States. The Big Rig explains how this massive degradation in the quality of work has occurred, and how companies achieve a compliant and dedicated workforce despite it. Drawing on more than 100 in-depth interviews and years of extensive observation, including six months training and working as a long-haul trucker, Viscelli explains in detail how labor is recruited, trained, and used in the industry. He then shows how inexperienced workers are convinced to lease a truck and to work as independent contractors. He explains how deregulation and collective action by employers transformed trucking's labor markets - once dominated by the largest and most powerful union in US history - into an important example of the costs of contemporary labor markets for workers and the general public.