The ancient Oriental dyestuff madder red was avidly sought by Europeans and finally cracked by the French in 1760, and it became the main crop in the Caspian Caucasus. The quest for Turkey Red spurred an avalanche of research that led to its chemical synthesis in 1870 and subsequently the collapse of the world-wide madder industry.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203400437

This book provides guidance on removing graffiti and protecting surfaces from further attack. It is based on experience built up by London Underground Ltd of dealing with the problem in their trains, buildings, platforms, passageways, public lavatories, bridges and other structures. It is designed to serve as a reference source for anyone who is responsible for managing and maintaining public areas prone to graffiti, and to those who supervise and carry out graffiti removal operations. Guidance on graffiti types, removal agents and equipment is given, effective mechanical and chemical treatments are explained and a series of easy-to-use guidance sheets detailing 15 proven graffiti removal methods are included. Common target locations are described, and the importance of identifying and understanding the nature of the surface before selecting the appropriate graffiti removal method is emphasized. Getting rid of graffiti lays special emphasis on safe working practices to minimize risk and takes account of current UK Health and Safety at work and COSHH legislation. Addresses of relevant sources of information and specialist materials and equipment are given in an appendix.

The science of pigments, hues, and dyes has a long and ancient history. From the 40000-years-old caves at Lascaux and the medieval cloth trade that enriched Europe to the synthetic chemistry of modern times, colour making has had a central place in our lives. This book surveys the history of dyes and pigments, the invention of new colours, and the industries that fuelled them. It explores colouring and dyeing methods through history and asks questions relating to this, such as: what were the colours of Ancient Egypt?; what did artists use to paint their magnificent frescoes?; where do indigo and ochre come from?; why is purple the colour of royalty?; what are pastels?; how many colours are their?; why do we dye our food?; who invented ink?; what are white and black made of?; and what is the symbolism of yellow? This comprehensive text offers information and insights into many colours ranging from cerise to heliotrope, and gamboge to periwinkle.

The role indigo has played elsewhere has been fairly well documented, but in the case of the Arab world, little or no thorough investigation has been previously undertaken. Sets out to provide comprehensive coverage of the subject from its earliest history to the present day.

Drawing from the third edition of The Coatings Technology Handbook, this text provides a detailed analysis of the raw materials used in the coatings, adhesives, paints, and inks industries. Coatings Materials and Surface Coatings contains chapters covering the latest polymers, carbon resins, and high-temperature materials used for coatings, adhesives, and varnishes today. Featuring new and updated chapters, this text provides an in-depth examination of raw materials categorized into four types: resins, solvents, pigments, and additives. Concise chapters describe the development, chemical and physical properties, synthesis and polymerization, commercial uses, and other characteristics for each raw material and coating. In addition, the book demonstrates how application methods, environmental factors, and chemical interactions affect each surface coating's performance. Other unique topics include biocides, fluorocarbon resins, vegetable- and protein-based coatings and adhesives, gravure inks, and artists' paints. A comprehensive, yet practical source of reference, Coatings Materials and Surface Coatings provides an excellent foundation for comparing the properties and performance of coatings and choosing suitable materials based on specific service needs and environmental factors.

As our understanding of the science and functions of color in food has increased, the preferred colorants, forms of use, and legislation regulating their uses have also changed. Natural Colorants for Food and Nutraceutical Uses reflects the current tendency to use natural pigments. It details their science, technology, and applications as well as their nutraceutical properties.

Starting with the basics, the book creates an understanding of physical colors, discusses color measurement, and analyzes why natural pigments are preferred today. The authors present an overview of global colorants, including safety, toxicity and regulatory aspects. Information about inorganic and synthetic colorants is included. The book then focuses on applications of natural colorants, with special attention given to characteristics, extraction and processing stability, and the use of biotechnology and molecular biology to increase colorant production. Finally, the book examines the nutraceutical properties of natural colorants and compares them to other well-known nutraceutical components.

From the basics to highly specialized concepts and applications, Natural Colorants for Food and Nutraceutical Uses presents essential, practical information about pigments in the food industry. With its coverage of state-of-the-art technologies and future trends in the application of color to food, this book provides the most comprehensive, up-to-date survey of the field.

"Provides a wide range of information on the composition, utilization, and evaluation of colorants and pigments in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetic products. Tabulates key data for food, drug, and cosmetic colorants by Color Index Numbers. Thoroughly describes the relationships between coloring reactions."

This study sets out to provide coverage of the role of indigo in the Arab world, from its earliest history to the present day. It is based on fieldwork in all the principal countries concerned, as well as library and museum research, discussion with those working in related fields and personal experience of dyeing with indigo. The author surveys the story of indigo in antiquity, and then examines the record in the Arab world before Islam, during the Great Age of Islam, and in the subsequent centuries. She looks at all aspects in each period: technical, commercial, economic, and social, with reference to its importance in international trade and the impact of indigo products on Europe. The work covers each stage of indigo production, as well as the botanical and agricultural usages of indigo in the textile industry throughout the whole period, and the sundry purposes outside the field of textiles to which indigo has been put. The study ends with a brief look at indigo's future prospects.

Flavonoids are a group of natural products isolated from a wide variety of plants, responsible for much of the natural colouring in vascular plants. A single plant may contain up to 50 different flavonoids, and the distribution of flavonoids within a plant family can yield useful classifying information about that family. Flavonoids exhibit a wide range of biological activity and currently are of particular interest in the pharmaceutical industry as potential anti-cancer agents. They find applications in the food industry as natural food colourings and in the analysis of wine, and as insect anti-feedants, which are used as natural insecticides in agrochemistry and crop protection.

This book provides, for the first time, clear, authoritative guidance on removing graffiti and protecting surfaces from further attack.

Contents:
Introductory Concepts; Theoretical Basis of the Process of Atomization; Parameters of Atomized Liquid; Design of Atomizers; Experimental Results; Experimental Techniques and Measuring Devices.

This book covers the chemistry of high solids compositions and focuses on the binder component and on the solvent. It discusses factors controlling the viscosity and the solid content of alkyd resins. The book describes different approaches to preparing high solid alkyds.

Drawn from the third edition of The Coatings Technology Handbook, this book focuses entirely on testing, experimental design, and strategies for selecting processing techniques in the coatings, adhesives, paints, and inks industries. Coatings Technology: Fundamentals, Testing, and Processing Techniques contains the latest coating and processing methods capable of satisfying increasingly precise, application-specific requirements. The book contains analytical techniques used to elucidate surface chemistry, adhesion, and other physical properties. It also presents practical methods, such as accelerated light stability tests, to compare the resistance of different materials to wear, UV light/fading, and weathering. Subsequent chapters explore the most suitable techniques and the equipment for applying materials to different substrates, depending on material properties, service needs, and substrate types. Considering metal and nonmetal coatings and substrates, the book highlights the most recent advances on ink-jet printing, electrodeposition, vapor/chemical deposition technologies, high-speed dispersion, and other cutting-edge methods. Coatings Technology: Fundamentals, Testing, and Processing Techniques provides the the necessary information for scientists and engineers to perform testing and determine what materials and processing technique is most suitable for their own applications.

Engineers on major building projects continue to echo the sentiment that "painting amounts to 10% of the job, but provides 90% of the problems". This second edition of Steelwork Corrosion Control provides sound advice and authoritative guidance on the principles involved and methods of achieving sound steel protection.
Taking into account the considerable developments in the paint protection industry, Steelwork Corrosion Control has been comprehensively updated to include new materials and coating systems, and the number of new ISO / BS / European standards and codes of practice on paints and painting, health and safety, and environmental issues. It is a must-have guide for engineers, architects and designers for whom the protection of structural steelwork is an important, albeit relatively minor, part of their professional activities. David Deacon is the President Elect of the Institute of Corrosion and a Fellow of FTCS (Fellowship of Technical Service Coating). Derek Bayliss is a Past President of the Institute of Corrosion and has served as Chairman of BS 5493 (concerned with coating strucures against corrosion).

eBook available with sample pages: 0203301145

This is an essential purchase for all painting conservators and conservation scientists dealing with paintings and painted objects. It provides the first definitive manual dedicated to optical microscopy of historical pigments. Illustrated throughout with full colour images reproduced to the highest possible quality, this book is based on years of painstaking research into the visual and optical properties of pigments. Now combined with the Pigment Dictionary, the most thorough reference to pigment names and synonyms avaiable, the Pigment Compendium is a major addition to the study and understanding of historic pigments.

New Trends in Natural Dyes for Textiles addresses 20 natural dyes that are finding innovative uses in industry and academia. It comprehensively addresses issues relating to natural dyes and dyeing problems, including efficient extraction and standardization of dyes, dyes structure, dyes characterization and identification. Readers working in the dyeing of textiles will learn how to improve practices to minimize environmental pollution, avoid bad dyeing, and select the best mordants to fix colorant compounds. Key benefits of natural dyes over synthetic are examined in detail, providing readers with an understanding of the importance of natural dyes and the proper methods for applying them.

First published in 1919, as the second edition of a 1917 original, this book was written as part of the Cambridge Technical Series. The text provides a guide to the chemistry of dyestuffs and the dyeing process in two parts: part one discusses intermediate compounds; part two discusses dyestuffs. A bibliography and illustrative figures are also included. Notes are incorporated throughout. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in applied chemistry, the history of science and the dyeing industry.

In the sixteenth century, one of the world's most precious commodities was cochineal, a legendary red dye treasured by the ancient Mexicans and sold in the great Aztec marketplaces, where it attracted the attention of the Spanish conquistadors. Shipped to Europe, the dye created a sensation, producing the brightest, strongest red the world had ever seen. Soon Spain's cochineal monopoly was worth a fortune. As the English, French, Dutch, and other Europeans joined the chase for cochineal -- a chase that lasted for more than three centuries -- a tale of pirates, explorers, alchemists, scientists, and spies unfolds. A Perfect Red evokes with style and verve this history of a grand obsession, of intrigue, empire, and adventure in pursuit of the most desirable color on earth.

The measurement of colour is important in many commercial operations and professions, such as bleaching and colouration of textiles, applications of paints, dentistry and colouration of food products. This book will discuss colour measurement theories, the latest technological and scientific developments of measuring colour and the applications of colour measurement. Part one reviews the underlying theories, principles and methods of how to measure colour. It includes topics such as expressing colours numerically, camera based colour measurement, colour shade sorting and determining and improving the accuracy of colour measurement. Part two presents a selection of industrial applications illustrating the use of colour measurement in textiles, paint, teeth, hair and food. With its international range of contributors, Colour measurement: Principles, advances and industrial applications is beneficial to a variety of readers such as colour technologists, colour quality inspectors, product developers, dentists, cosmetologists and anyone who uses colour in their work. It will also be a valuable reference for academics and students studying design, fashion or colour related subjects.

Given its importance in analysing and influencing the world around us, an understanding of colour is a vital tool in any design process. Colour design provides a comprehensive review of the issues surrounding the use of colour, from the fundamental principles of what colour is to its important applications across a vast range of industries. Part one covers the main principles and theories of colour, focusing on the human visual system and the psychology of colour perception. Part two goes on to review colour measurement and description, including consideration of international standards, approval methods for textiles and lithographic printing, and colour communication issues. Forecasting colour trends and methods for design enhancement are then discussed in part three along with the history of colour theory, dyes and pigments, and an overview of dye and print techniques. Finally, part four considers the use of colour across a range of specific applications, from fashion, art and interiors, to food and website design. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Colour design is an invaluable reference tool for all those researching or working with colour and design in any capacity.

Dyeing is one of the most effective and popular methods used for colouring textiles and other materials. Dyes are employed in a variety of industries, from cosmetic production to the medical sector. The two volumes of the Handbook of textile and industrial dyeing provide a detailed review of the latest techniques and equipment used in the dyeing industry, as well as examining dyes and their application in a number of different industrial sectors. Volume 1 deals with the principles of dyeing and techniques used in the dyeing process, and looks at the different types of dyes currently available. Part one begins with a general introduction to dyeing, which is followed by chapters that examine various aspects of the dyeing process, from the pre-treatment of textiles to the machinery employed. Chapters in part two then review the main types of dyes used today, including disperse dyes, acid dyes, fluorescent dyes, and many others for a diverse range of applications. With its distinguished editor and contributions from some of the world's leading authorities, the Handbook of textile and industrial dyeing is an essential reference for designers, colour technologists and product developers working in a variety of sectors, and will also be suitable for academic use.

Textile Dyes and Pigments The book covers the best possible innovation and advancement in dyes and pigments for application in textile materials. Green chemistry can be applied across the life cycle of a chemical-intensive product, including its design, manufacture, use, and ultimate disposal. Innovations to green approaches are required either by developing a whole new set of eco-friendly dyes and pigments or by developing and designing unique dyeing methods. Textile Dyes and Pigments: A Green Chemistry Approach is a response to the many industries currently using conventional textile dyeing and pigmentation methods that are looking for sustainable green chemical options. It describes the various organic and inorganic color pigments and recent developments in vat, reactive, disperse, acid, and azo dyes and their importance in the field of green chemistry. It also covers the various challenges, opportunities, approaches, techniques, marketing, and alternative procedures/sustainable routes involved in developing textile dyes and pigments with green practices. Moreover, the book addresses the structure, process, and the nitty-gritty of modern dyes and pigments in the textile and garment sectors. Audience The book will be of prime interest to researchers and industry manufacturers and engineers in dyes, pigments, textile processing technology, fiber technology, and textile chemistry. It will also be an invaluable reference guide to new scholars and industry personnel who wish to learn about green dyes and pigments and their relevant application processes.

Revised and updated, this highly acclaimed work remains the most comprehensive source of information available on organic pigments. It provides up-to-date information on synthesis, reaction mechanism, physical and chemical properties, test methods, and applications of all the industrially produced organic pigments available on the world market. New to this fourth edition are chapters on the latest applications and three-dimensional X-ray analysis, while the chapters on legislation, ecology, and toxicology have been rewritten to reflect recent developments. Key features: Provides the reader with everything there is to know about organic pigments. Sets an unrivalled international standard for information on the synthesis, reaction mechanisms, properties, relevant test methods, and applications of organic pigments. Contains all industrially produced pigments of the world market. Even those which can no longer be found in producers' catalogs are described. Standardized methods allow test results to be compared throughout the book. Gives useful hints as to which pigment is best for a given application. Praise for previous editions: ..".This volume can be recommended unreservedly to industrial and academic practitioners concerned in any way with the technological aspects of organic pigments. .." -Dyes and Pigments ..".The authors have succeeded to present an excellent and critical review on the state of the art of organic pigments...This book has already become a standard in the field of organic coatings science..." -Progress in Organic Coatings ..".This book is a very wide-ranging reference work...it would be difficult to find a topic in this field that is not covered." -Ecochem ..".can be recommended unreservedly to industrial and academic practitioners. Presentation throughout is of highest quality..." -Dyes and Pigments "A complete presentation of organic pigments in the context of their industrial importance, without competition as far a

Colour Design: Theories and Applications, Second Edition, provides information on a broad spectrum of colour subjects written by seasoned industry professionals and academics. It is a multidisciplinary book that addresses the use of colour across a range of industries, with a particular focus on textile colouration. Part One deals with the human visual system, colour perception and colour psychology, while Part Two focuses on the practical application of colour in design, including specifically in textiles and fashion. Part Three covers cultural and historical aspects of colour, as well as recent developments, addressing areas such as dyes and pigments, architecture, colour theory, virtual reality games, colour printing, website development, and sustainability. This revised, expanded, and updated edition reflects recent technological developments, and new industry priorities. Bringing together the science of colouration and the more artistic elements of design, this book supports students, academics, and industry professionals in developing a deep knowledge of colour use. It will also be an important reference for those involved in textile dyeing, design and manufacture.

For more than ten years, the Science for Conservators series has been the key basic texts for conservators throughout the world. Scientific concepts are basic ot the conservation of artefacts of every type, yet many conservators have little or no scientific training. These introductory volumes provide non-scientists with the essential theoretical background to their work.