This casebook profiles exceptional traumatic injury prevention programs from all over the globe. Its detailed description and analysis employ a multi-stage process of identifying, evaluating, and casing effective prevention practices. The case studies reflect how legislative and regulatory information impact prevention efforts and provide insight into how national centers for injury prevention and control inform prevention practices on countrywide levels. The authors work with outcome-based research criteria to select and develop their comprehensive and contextually aware profiles of the programs. All included case studies follow the BRIO approach (Background, Resources, Implementation, and Outcome) - a model designed to provide a consistent way of describing programs that have been evaluated and found to be exceptional practices. The scope of the Casebook ranges across: The challenge of traumatic injury prevention Sports and recreation-related traumatic injury prevention Fall-related traumatic injury prevention Road traffic-related traumatic injury prevention Traumatic injury prevention within complex systems In its recognition of traumatic injury prevention across the lifespan as a critical and complex public health challenge, the Casebook of Traumatic Injury Prevention promises to be an influential and authoritative resource for professionals and students in public health, safety, injury prevention, medicine, psychology, sociology, nursing, and engineering. Government agencies and institutions such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), public health departments, and safety associations also would find the Casebook relevant to their work.

With an increased capacity to analyze fetal cells in the laboratory and the present possibility of monitoring human embryonic development using advanced diagnostic technique, prenatal diagnosis (PND) has become widely diffused in medical practice. The Fetus as Medical Patient emphasizes, however, that PND results are not unambiguous: they may either lead to a continuation of the pregnancy, or to an abortion. Cioffi engages the reader in a comprehensive examination of the state of the question regarding diagnosis and possible treatment of human illness in utero. The book deals with biomedical consideration in prenatal human life, presents a survey of the literature of ten North American Catholic theologians who have written on the topic of moral dilemmas in PND over the past twenty years, and critically analyzes the writings of these ten authors.

There is general consensus regarding threshold levels that describe the gray zone on the limits of viability, and gestational age alone should not be used solely in making a decision. This issue will bring light to the latest thoughts and clinical recommendations for delivery during the periviable period. Top thought leaders and clinicians have submitted articles in the following areas: Consequences of Birth at Periviable Gestions on Organ Systems; Medical and Surgical Interventions Before Birth; NICU Care: Nutrition/NEC; Pulmonary Care and Circulatory Support; NICU Stay and Microbiome; and Ethical Considerations and Counseling, to name a few. Readers will come away with the most current content written on this topic and details that can be incorporated into clinical care.

Nominated for the Foundation of Sociology of Health and Illness Book Prize 2018 In the UK and beyond, Down's syndrome screening has become a universal programme in prenatal care. But why does screening persist, particularly in light of research that highlights pregnant women's ambivalent and problematic experiences with it? Drawing on an ethnography of Down's syndrome screening in two UK clinics, Thomas explores how and why we are so invested in this practice and what effects this has on those involved. Informed by theoretical approaches that privilege the mundane and micro practices, discourses, materials, and rituals of everyday life, Down's Syndrome Screening and Reproductive Politics describes the banal world of the clinic and, in particular, the professionals contained within it who are responsible for delivering this programme. In so doing, it illustrates how Down's syndrome screening is 'downgraded' and subsequently stabilised as a 'routine' part of a pregnancy. Further, the book captures how this routinisation is deepened by a systematic, but subtle, framing of Down's syndrome as a negative pregnancy outcome. By unpacking the complex relationships between professionals, parents, technology, policy, and clinical practice, Thomas identifies how and why screening is successfully routinised and how it is embroiled in both new and familiar debates surrounding pregnancy, ethics, choice, diagnosis, care, disability, and parenthood. The book will appeal to academics, students, and professionals interested in medical sociology, medical anthropology, science and technology studies (STS), bioethics, genetics, and/or disability studies.

Preterm birth interrupts the normal developmental progression of most organs, particularly when birth occurs at the lowest level of viability. An immediate task is to successfully transition to a post-natal life without a placental circulation. To do this demands careful management of the cardiorespiratory systems. To best help the fragile preterm infant at this demanding time, care-givers must remember two most pressing goals. These are first to maintain adequacy of gas exchange and delivery, while simultaneously minimizing any secondary injury to the fragile preterm lung. However, after these immediate priorities in the delivery room, the longer term effects of an immature lung development and its associated problems come to the forefront. These problems include the inflammation of perinatal infection, oxygen, and invasive mechanical ventilation. Both the immaturity itself, and secondary lung injury and its inflammation - collectively will often lead to the condition termed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Although many of these infants may eventually be discharged to home without a need for oxygen supplementation or pulmonary medications, the long-term impact of interrupted lung development and secondary lung injury remain serious concerns. It is now well recognized that mechanical ventilation is pivotal to developing secondary lung injury and BPD. Consequently, a great deal of time and effort has been put into the development and application of non-invasive ventilator (NIV) approaches to supporting respiratory function in neonates. Since the landmark publication by Gregory and colleagues in 1967, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) has been the most commonly applied approach to NIV. This approach has been supported by the recent generation of randomized controlled trials. However, cumulatively these trials have shown only a small reduction in rates of BPD. Outside of the trial data, despite the wider application of nCPAP, rates of BPD remain relatively unchanged over recent years. This has led to investigations of other NIV approaches including nasal ventilation and high flow nasal cannula therapy. Not only have available modes increased, but so have the interfaces through which these modes may be applied. In the issue of Clinic in Perinatology, readers will find an up-to-date review of non-invasive approaches to supporting preterm respiratory function. This draws on the expertise of leading investigators in the field. This issue reviews the physiologic mechanisms by which the various approaches to NIV may support respiratory function; the evidence base supporting different NIV approaches; and adjunctive aspects of NIV therapy including their use during neonatal transport and the application of other supportive therapies such as inhaled NO.

This issue of Clinics in Laboratory Medicine, edited by Drs. Anthony Odibo and David A. Krantz, covers issues surrounding Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis. Topics examined in this issue include, but are not limited to: Strategies for Implementing cfDNA Testing; Genetic Counselling for Patients Considering Screening and Diagnosis of Chromosomal Abnormalities; Microdeletions/Duplications; Sex Chromosome Abnormalities; First-, Second- and Third-Trimester Screening for Preeclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction; Biophysicial/Biochemical Screening for the Risk of Preterm Labor; Preimplantation Genetic Testing; Toxoplasmosis, Parvovirus and Cytomegalovirus in Pregnancy; and Sleep Apnea and Adverse pregnancy Outcomes.

Technology has come to dominate the modern experience of pregnancy and childbirth, but instead of empowering pregnant women, technology has been used to identify the foetus as a second patient characterised as a distinct entity with its own needs and interests. Often, foetal and the woman's interests will be aligned, though in legal and medical discourses the two 'patients' are frequently framed as antagonists with conflicting interests. This book focuses upon the permissibility of encroachment on the pregnant woman's autonomy in the interests of the foetus. Drawing on the law in England & Wales, the United States of America and Germany, Samantha Halliday focuses on the tension between a pregnant woman's autonomy and medical actions taken to protect the foetus, addressing circumstances in which courts have declared medical treatment lawful in the face of the pregnant woman's refusal of consent. As a work which calls into question the understanding of autonomy in prenatal medical care, this book will be of great use and interest to students, researchers and practitioners in medical law, comparative law, bioethics, and human rights.

The contributors to this collection look into the experiences of women in the Western world going through pregnancy and birth over the last hundred years.

This volume of the Handbook of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases series represents a medical collaboration focusing primarily on female aspects of rheumatic diseases. This collaboration recognizes the need to understand and optimally manage the care of women with autoimmune conditions that may affect their reproduction and hormonal status. This handbook will prove useful to clinicians and researchers alike. It covers practical points, ranging from which anti-rheumatic medications are safe in pregnancy to how to counsel women with scleroderma contemplating pregnancy.
* Authors share an academic interest in the unique relationship between being a woman and having an autoimmune disease
* Touches on controversial topics, such as the mechanism of antiphospholipid-related fetal loss and whether or not non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents should be used in pregnancy
* Includes critical and balanced reviews of the controversial association between autoimmune disease and female infertility

If you are an obstetrician whose patient has been admitted to ICU, you need to know how she is managed there. If you are an intensivist, you need to adapt to changes in physiology, alter techniques for the pregnant patient and keep the fetus from harm. This book addresses the challenges of managing critically ill obstetric patients by providing a truly multidisciplinary perspective. Almost every chapter is co-authored by both an intensivist/anesthesiologist and an obstetrician/maternal-fetal medicine expert to ensure that the clinical guidance reflects best practice in both specialties. Topics range from the purely medical to the organizational and the sociocultural, and each chapter is enhanced with color images, tables and algorithms. Written and edited by leading experts in anesthesiology, critical care medicine, maternal-fetal medicine, and obstetrics and gynecology, this is an important resource for anyone who deals with critically ill pregnant or postpartum patients.

The rates are on the decline worldwide. But adolescent pregnancies still occur, placing millions of girls each year at risk for medical complications and social isolation, and their babies for severe health problems--especially when prenatal care is inadequate or nonexistent.

But as the opportunity for young women and girls increases around the world, adolescent pregnancy will continue to decline. Featuring reports from countries across the developed and developing worlds, the" ""International Handbook of Adolescent Pregnancy" analyzes the scope of the problem and the diversity of social and professional responses. Its biological/ecological perspective identifies factors influencing childhood pregnancy, as well as outcomes, challenges, and needs of very young mothers as they differ across nations and regions. Salient comparisons are made as cultural contexts and community support vary widely, and attention is paid to issues such as child marriage, LGBT concerns, and the impact of religion and politics on health care, particularly access to contraception, abortion, and other services. This global coverage heightens the understanding of readers involved in care, education, and prevention programs, and otherwise concerned with the psychosocial development, reproductive health, and general well-being of girls. Included in the "Handbook"

Biological influences of adolescent pregnancy.Adolescent maternal health and childbearing.Adolescent pregnancy and mental health.International perspectives on adolescent fathers.Adolescent pregnancy as a feminist issue.Adolescent pregnancy as a social problem.Plus viewpoints from more than thirty countries.

As a unique source of up-to-date findings and clear-headed analysis, the "International Handbook of Adolescent Pregnancy" is a go-to reference for practitioners and researchers in maternal and child health, pediatrics, adolescent medicine, and global health."

This volume brings together an unusually broad range of experts from reproductive medicine, medical ethics, and law to address the important ethical problems in maternal-fetal medicine which impact directly on clinical practice. The book is divided into parts by the stages of pregnancy, within which the authors cover four main areas: the balance of power in the doctor-patient relationship and the justifiable limits of paternalism and autonomy; the impact of new technologies and new diseases; disability and enhancement; and difference--to what extent should the clinician respect the tenets of other faiths in a multicultural society.

Postpartum depression has become a more recognized mental illness over the past decade as a result of education and increased awareness. Traumatic childbirth, however, is still often overlooked, resulting in a scarcity of information for health professionals. This is in spite of up to 34% of new mothers reporting experiencing a traumatic childbirth and prevalence rates rising for high risk mothers, such as those who experience stillbirth or who had very low birth weight infants.

This ground-breaking book brings together an academic, a clinician and a birth trauma activist. Each chapter discusses current research, women s stories, the common themes in the stories and the implications of these for practice, clinical case studies and a clinician s insights and recommendations for care. Topics covered include: mothers perspectives, fathers perspectives, the impact on breastfeeding, the impact on subsequent births, PTSD after childbirth and EMDR treatment for PTSD.

This book is a valuable resource for health professionals who come into contact with new mothers, providing the most current and accurate information on traumatic childbirth. It also presents mothers experiences in a manner that is accessible to women, their partners, and families.

This edited collection looks at the experiences of women going through pregnancy and birth over the last 100 years. The essays explore the impact of the professionalization of the medical services, the factors that influenced women's decisions over their choice of healthcare and whether childbirth was seen as a natural or a medical event.

This book deals with the following important legal questions related to childbirth. When a woman is pregnant, does the law have any part to play in protecting the fetus from harm? Should it intervene, for example, if she is taking illegal drugs or has, at the time of delivery, declined to accept medical advice? And how does---and should---the law respond when something goes wrong and the baby is born injured or disabled? Do damages claims provide outcomes, which are fair to the woman, her child, and the doctors, and midwives who have cared for them?

Frank Lake was a British psychiatrist and lay theologian who substantially influenced the interplay of psychology and theology in the United Kingdom over the last several decades. Even though he died in 1983, his ideas continue to be debated through his books and the organization he founded, the Clinical Theology Association. Lake called his discovery and formulation of 'a new paradigm for psychodynamics with revolutionary implications' the 'Maternal-Fetal Distress Syndrome.' He wrote that this 'new perspective changes almost everything in counseling, ' constituting 'a radical departure from all that has gone before.' Furthermore, he noted that the 'understanding of psychodynamics can never be the same again. Nor its practice.' The description and analysis of this 'new paradigm' and its 'revolutionary implications' are the topics of this work.

Delivery After Prior Cesarean is examined in the issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited Drs. Mark Landon and Caroline Signore. Authorities in the field have come together to pen articles on topics such as Rising primary cesarean rates: VBAC vital statistics, Access to TOLAC, Medicolegal aspects of VBAC/TOL, Ethics, Midwifery and VBAC, Success rates and factors, Intrapartum management: induction, labor progression and monitoring, Uterine rupture: rates and prediction, Multiple repeat cesareans and the threat of placenta accrete, Maternal morbidity and mortality, Perinatal morbidity and mortality, and Long-term infant outcomes.

Dr. Connors has provided comprehensive coverage of the pregnant patient with hematologic disorders--from management in early pregnancy to delivery. Hematologic disorders covered include anemia, myeloproliferative disorders, von Willebrand disease, leukemia and lymphoma, thrombochytopenia, and thrombophilia. Other important topics in this issue include anesthesia in the pregnant patient with a hematologic disorder as well as transfusion medicine.

Increasingly more and more children with developmental disabilities survive into adulthood. Pediatricians and other clinicians are called upon to care for an increasing number of children with developmental disabilities in their practice and thus there is a need for a practical guide specifically written for paediatricians and primary care clinicians that addresses major concepts of neurodevelopmental pediatrics. In the United States, the specialty training leading to a conjoint board certification by the American Board of Pediatrics and American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, requires a total of 6 years of training (2 years of pediatrics, 1 year of neurology, 18 months of child neurology, 18 months of neurodevelopmental disabilities). As of December 2006, in the US, there were 241 pediatricians and 55 child neurologists certified in the subspecialty of Neurodevelopmental Disabilities. Thus most of the children with developmental disabilities are seen by pediatricians and therefore it is important for these pediatricians to be well informed of common issues in the field. The 60,000 or so pediatricians in the United States (and hundreds more in other countries) are the main target audience for a practical book on neurodevelopmental pediatrics.

This issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Drs. George Macones and Anthony Odibo, addresses Fetal Monitoring and Assessment. Drs. Macones and Odibo have assembled a panel of experts to pen reviews on topics including indications for fetal growth monitoring and controversies with diagnosis of fetal growth restriction, the role of serum markers and uterine artery Doppler in identifying at-risk pregnancies, the role of amniotic fluid assessment in evaluating fetal well-being, the uses and limitations of the biophysical profile, the umbilical artery Doppler in assessment of fetal growth restriction, the MCA Doppler and its role in evaluation of fetal anemia and fetal growth restriction, Venous Doppler evaluation of the growth restricted fetus, aortic isthmus and cardiac monitoring of the growth restricted fetus, intrapartum fetal monitoring, computerized assessment of fetal heart rate monitoring, STAN as an adjunct to EFM, and signal ambiguity and intrapartum fetal monitoring.

This proposed book draws on the expertise of 35 experts in the field of Addiction Medicine to provide the reader with a current and comprehensive view of addiction as related to women, pregnancy, newborns, infants and children. The volume begins by placing current attitudes towards addicted women in a historical context, and continues with contributions on the relationship of gender to substance abuse research, addiction as a general health issue in women, and ethical dilemmas faced when approaching drug use during pregnancy. The volume discusses high-risk pregnancies and HIV infection related to maternal drug abuse. It details specific pharmacotherapy such as methadone and buprenorphine, and assesses society's punitive view toward illicit drug using women. Finally, the book describes outcomes of newborns, infants and children born following intrauterine drug exposure. Health providers in many related disciplines, specialists in Addiction Medicine, social workers and ethicists are among those who will gain insight into the complex interdisciplinary matrix of abuse in women, its unique relationship to pregnancy, and its impact on drug-exposed children. This book was published as a special issue in the Journal of Addictive Diseases.

This issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Drs. Athena Kourtis and Marc Bulterys, examines Perinatal HIV/AIDS. Authorities in the field have come together to offer reviews on topics including Epidemiology of perinatal HIV infection: US and worldwide; Biology of perinatal HIV transmission: Timing, virologic and immunologic factors; Viral sequencing from HIV-infected mothers and infants: Molecular evolution, diversity, and risk factors for mother-to-child transmission; Diagnosis of perinatally-acquired HIV infection; Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Antiretroviral strategies; Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: The role of Cesarean section; International recommendations for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV; Immune-based approaches: active and passive immunization; Breastfeeding and HIV: Biology of transmission and current state-of-the-art regarding prevention; HIV drug resistance and mother-to-child transmission of HIV; Survival and health benefits of breastfeeding versus artificial feeding in infants of HIV-infected women: Developing vs. developed world; Clinical care of the HIV-exposed infant of HIV-infected mothers; Clinical care of the HIV-infected infants; Issues of prematurity and HIV exposure/infection; and Antiretroviral pharmacology: Special issues regarding pregnant women and neonates.

This issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Drs. Alan Spitzer and Dan Ellsbury, examines Quality Improvement in Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine. The first part of the issue addresses Tools of Quality Improvement and includes articles on The Quality Chasm in Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine; Evaluating the Medical Evidence; The Vermont Oxford Network Database; The Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehouse; Role of Regional Collaboratives: The California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative Model; A Primer on Quality Improvement Methodology; Using Statistical Process Control Methodology; Human Factors in Quality Improvement, Random Safety Audits, Root Cause Analysis, and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis; Collaboration Between Obstetricians and Neonatologists: Perinatal Safety Programs and Improved Clinical Outcomes; and Pay for Performance: A Business Strategy for Quality Improvement in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. The second part of this issue addresses Specific Applications of Documented Quality Improvement Methodology in Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine and includes articles on Delivery Room Intervention-Improving the Outcome, Reducing Retinopathy of Prematurity, Improving Breast Milk Use During and After the NICU Stay, Decreasing Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection, and Decreasing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Pregnancy and childbirth brings together, for the first time, western and eastern approaches providing a sound amalgamation of theoretical and practical information for bodywork practitioners world-wide. It describes in detail the application of massage and shiatsu from early pregnancy, including work during labour and for the first year postnatally for the mother. This is a useful source of information for massage therapists, shiatsu practitioners, osteopaths, physical therapists, chiropractors, reflexologists, aromatherapists, acupuncturists, yoga and Pilates instructors. For Students and practitioners to use as a learning manual and reference tool, the text provides: Clarity of information Full text referencing Clear diagrams, photographs, and summary boxes Clinical accuracy: reviewed by, and with contributions from, international specialists including midwives, obstetricians, osteopaths, chiropractors, acupuncturists, aromatherapists and massage therapists.

For many years there has been growing concern about the culture of fear that is penetrating maternity services throughout the world, and that the fear felt by maternity care workers is directly and indirectly being transferred to the women and families they serve. The consequences of fear includes increased risk of defensive practice, where the woman and her family become potential enemies to those providing her care. In addition, the prevailing risk management and 'tick box' culture in maternity services encourages maternity workers to give priority to the records instead of the childbearing woman. These factors contribute to the dissatisfaction felt by those using and providing maternity services, and the apparent lack of kindness and respect. There is however increasing evidence that kindness, compassion and mutual respect improves efficiency, effectiveness, experience and staff morale within healthcare settings. The Roar Behind the Silence provides information, inspiration and practical suggestions to support maternity care workers, policy makers, and maternity care funders across the world in their quest to deliver sensitive, compassionate and high quality maternity services. The book highlights examples of good practice, and practical tools for making change happen, using evidence and stories where appropriate. Edited by Sheena Byrom & Soo Downe, with contributions by Hana Ruth Abel, Maria Helena Bastos, Dean Beaumont, Dianne Bowser, Anna Byrom, Sheena Byrom, Penny Campling, Michael Clift, Hannah Dahlen, Raymond de Vries, Soo Downe, Ngai Fen Cheung, Julie Frohlich, Kathryn Guttridge, Jennifer Hall, Shelagh Heneghan, Milli Hill, Billie Hunter, Mavis Kirkham, Mande Limbu, Amali Lokugamage, Kerstin Uvnas Moberg, Mercedes Perez-Botella, Gill Phillips, Elizabeth Prochaska, Progress Theatre Group, Rineke Schram, Anna Ternovszky, Lucie Warren and Robin Youngson.