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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Western philosophy > Modern Western philosophy, c 1600 to the present
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A Catalogve and Succession of the Kings, Princes, Dukes, Marquesses, Earles, and Viscounts of This Realme of England, Since the Norman Conquest, to This Present Yeere 1622. Together With Their Armes, Wiues, and Children; the Times of Their Deaths And...
(Hardcover)
Ralph 1553-1625 Brooke
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Wilfrid Sellars, Idealism, and Realism is the first study of its
kind to address a range of realist and idealist views inspired by
psychological nominalism. Bringing together premier analytic
realists and distinguished defenders of German idealism, it reveals
why psychological nominalism is one of the most important theories
of the mind to come out the 20th century. The theory, first put
forward by Wilfrid Sellars, argues that language is the only means
by which humans can learn the types of socially shared practices
that permit rationality. Although wedded to important aspects of
German idealism, Sellars' theory is couched in bold realist terms
of the analytic tradition. Those who are sympathetic to German
idealism find this realist's appropriation of German idealism
problematic. Wilfrid Sellars, Idealism and Realism thus creates a
rare venue for realists and idealists to debate the epistemic
outcome of the mental processes they both claim are essential to
experience. Their resulting discussion bridges the gap between
analytic and continental philosophy. In providing original and
accessible chapters on psychological nominalism, this volume raises
themes that intersect with numerous disciplines: the philosophy of
mind, philosophy of language, epistemology, and metaphysics. It
also provides clarity on arguably the best available account of why
humans can reason, be self-aware, know, and act as agents.
In their first century of uninterrupted publication, newspapers
reached an all-embracing readership: male and female, noble and
artisan, in both town and country. Such was its impact that this
seemingly ephemeral product became a collector's object. In Reading
newspapers Uriel Heyd examines this vibrant new print medium and
investigates its political, social and cultural implications.
Adopting a comparative approach, the author traces the culture of
newspaper reading in Britain and America. Previously unexplored
sources such as newspaper indexes and introductions, plays, auction
catalogues and a unique newspaper collection assembled and
annotated by a Bostonian shopkeeper, provide invaluable access to
perceptions of the press, reading practices, and the ever-changing
experience of consumers. While newspapers supplied news of
immediacy and relevance, their effect transcended the here and now,
influencing readers' perceptions of the age in which they lived and
helping to shape historical memory. But the newly found power of
this media also gave rise to a certain fear of its ability to
exploit or manipulate public opinion. Perceived as vehicles of
enlightenment, but also viewed with suspicion, the legacy of
eighteenth-century newspapers is still felt today.
Marian Hobson's work has made a seminal contribution to our
understanding of the European Enlightenment, and of Diderot and
Rousseau in particular. This book presents her most important
articles in a single volume, translated into English for the first
time. Hobson's distinctive approach is to take a given text or
problematique and position it within its intellectual, historical
and polemical context. From close analysis of the underlying
conceptual structures of literary texts, she offers a unique
insight into the vibrant networks of people and ideas at work
throughout Europe, and across disciplinary boundaries as diverse as
literature and mathematics, medicine and music. In their
translations of Hobson's essays, Kate Tunstall and Caroline Warman
present the primary sources in both the original eighteenth-century
French and modern English, making the detail of these debates
accessible to everyone, from the specialist to the student,
whatever their academic discipline or interest.
This book intends to broaden the study of idealism beyond its
simplistic characterizations in contemporary philosophy. After
idealist stances have practically disappeared from the mental
landscape in the last hundred years, and the term "idealism" has
itself become a sort of philosophical anathema, continental
philosophy was, first, plunged into one of its deepest crises of
truth, culminating in postmodernism, and then, the 21st century
ushered in a new era of realism. Against this background, the
volume gathers a number of renowned philosophers, among them Slavoj
Zizek, Robert B. Pippin, Mladen Dolar, Sebastian Roedl, Paul
Redding, Isabelle Thomas-Fogiel, James I. Porter, and others, in
order to address the issue as to what exactly has been lost with
the retreat of idealism, and what kind of idealism could still be
rehabilitated in the present day. The contributions will both
provide historical studies on idealism, pointing out the little
known, overlooked, and surprising instances of idealist impulses,
and set out to develop new perspectives and possibilities for a
contemporary idealism. The appeal of the book lies in the fact that
it defends a philosophical concept that has been increasingly under
attack and thus contributes to an ongoing debate in ontology.
Source d'etude mais egalement d'inspiration, l'Orient a influence
de nombreux penseurs, historiens et ecrivains anglais du XVIIIe
siecle, dont les textes ont contribue au developpement d'une
veritable mode orientale en Angleterre. Mais parmi ces
representations de l'Orient se confondent ouvrages erudits et
fictifs, connaissance et imagination. Relisant un corpus de romans
dits pseudo-orientaux a partir de leur intertexte savant, Claire
Gallien met en evidence la deconstruction des frontieres entre
textes fictifs et non-fictifs. Si le roman s'inspire de l'erudition
orientaliste, celle-ci emploie des techniques de vulgarisation
propres a l'ecriture romanesque. Dans L'Orient anglais C. Gallien
examine le lien qui unissait une mode a un systeme de connaissance,
et permet de voir le role d'une culture etrangere dans la
constitution d'une litterature nationale.
Deleuze's fondness for geography has long been recognised as
central to his thought. This is the first book to introduce
researchers to the breadth of his engagements with space, place and
movement. Focusing on pressing global issues such as urbanization,
war, migration, and climate change, Arun Saldanha presents a
detailed Deleuzian rejoinder to a number of theoretical and
political questions about globalization in a variety of
disciplines. This systematic overview of moments in Deleuze's
corpus where space is implicitly or explicitly theorized shows why
he can be called the twentieth century's most interesting thinker
of space. Anyone with an interest in refining such concepts as
territory, assemblage, body, event and Anthropocene will learn much
from the "geophilosophy" which Deleuze and Guattari proposed for
our critical times.
Translation exposes aspects of language that can easily be ignored,
renewing the sense of the proximity and inseparability of language
and thought. The ancient quarrel between philosophy and literature
was an early expression of a self-understanding of philosophy that
has, in some quarters at least, survived the centuries. This book
explores the idea of translation as a philosophical theme and as an
important feature of philosophy and practical life, especially in
relation to the work of Stanley Cavell. The essays in this volume
explore philosophical questions about translation, especially in
the light of the work of Stanley Cavell. They take the questions
raised by translation to be of key importance not only for
philosophical thinking but for our lives as a whole. Thoreau's
enigmatic remark "The truth is translated" reveals that apparently
technical matters of translation extend through human lives to
remarkable effect, conditioning the ways in which the world comes
to light. The experience of the translator exemplifies the
challenge of judgement where governing rules and principles are
incommensurable; and it shows something of the ways in which words
come to us, opening new possibilities of thought. This book puts
Cavell's rich exploration of these matters into conversation with
traditions of pragmatism and European thought. Translation, then,
far from a merely technical matter, is at work in human being, and
it is the means of humanisation. The book brings together
philosophers and translators with common interests in Cavell and in
the questions of language at the heart of his work.
Hospitality, in particular hospitality to strangers, was promoted
in the eighteenth century as a universal human virtue, but writing
of the period reveals many telling examples of its abuse. Through
analysis of encounters across cultural and sexual divides, Judith
Still revisits the current debate about the social, moral and
political values of the Enlightenment. Focussing on (in)hospitality
in relation to two kinds of exotic Other, Judith Still examines
representations of indigenous peoples of the New World, both as
hosts and as cannibals, and of the Moslem 'Oriental' in Persia and
Turkey, associated with both the caravanserai (where travellers
rest) and the harem. She also explores very different examples of
Europeans as hosts and the practice of 'adoption', particularly
that of young girls. The position of women in hospitality, hitherto
neglected in favour of questions of cultural difference, is central
to these analyses, and Still considers the work of women writers
alongside more canonical male-authored texts. In this
thought-provoking study, Judith Still uncovers how the
Enlightenment rhetoric of openness and hospitality is compromised
by self-interest; the questions it raises about attitudes to
difference and freedom are equally relevant today.
Although Joseph de Maistre has long been regarded as characterising
the Counter-Enlightenment, his intellectual relationship to
eighteenth-century philosophy remains unexplored. In this first
comprehensive assessment of Joseph de Maistre's response to the
Enlightenment, a team of renowned scholars uncover a writer who was
both the foe and heir of the philosophes. While Maistre was deeply
indebted to thinkers who helped to fashion the Enlightenment -
Rousseau, the Cambridge Platonists - he also agreed with
philosophers such as Schopenhauer who adopted an overtly critical
stance. His idea of genius, his critique of America and his
historical theory all used 'enlightened' language to contradict
Enlightenment principles. Most intriguingly, and completely
unsuspected until now, Maistre used the writings of the early
Christian theologian Origen to develop a new, late, religious form
of Enlightenment that shattered the logic of philosophie. The
Joseph de Maistre revealed in this book calls into question any
simple opposition of Enlightenment and Counter-Enlightenment, and
offers particular lessons for our own time, when religion is at the
forefront of public debate and a powerful political tool.
The Grundrisse is widely regarded as one of Marx's most important
texts, with many commentators claiming it is the centrepiece of his
entire oeuvre. It is also, however, a notoriously difficult text to
understand and interpret. In this - the first guide and
introduction to reading the Grundrisse - Simon Choat helps us to
make sense of a text that is both a first draft of Capital and a
major work in its own right. As well as offering a detailed
commentary on the entire text, this guide explains the Grundrisse's
central themes and arguments and highlights its impact and
influence. The Grundrisse's discussions of money, labour, nature,
freedom, the role of machinery, and the development and dynamics of
capitalism have influenced generations of thinkers, from
Anglo-American historians such as Eric Hobsbawm and Robert Brenner
to Continental philosophers like Antonio Negri and Gilles Deleuze,
as well as offering vital insights into Marx's methodology and the
trajectory of his thought. Contemporary examples are used
throughout this guide both to illuminate Marx's terminology and
concepts and to illustrate the continuing relevance of the
Grundrisse. Readers will be offered guidance on: -Philosophical and
Historical Context -Key Themes -Reading the Text -Reception and
Influence
On ne peut penser les Lumieres sans l'auteur du Contrat social et
l'Emile, mais on ne saurait cependant nier que Rousseau denonce les
'philosophes modernes' dans les termes les plus forts. Comment donc
penser les rapports entre Rousseau et les philosophes? Dans ce
volume les specialistes de Rousseau vont au-dela des oppositions
figees. Ils montrent comment le 'citoyen de Geneve', a partir de
sources philosophiques partagees avec ses contemporains, delimite
le champ de la raison et construit une pensee politique rigoureuse,
s'imposant ainsi a ceux qui souvent rejettent ses idees religieuses
ou sa denonciation des sciences et des arts. Confrontant la
richesse irreductible de ses ecrits, les auteurs proposent le
portrait intellectuel d'un homme qui construit sa pensee a la fois
avec et contre les philosophes, les obligeant a justifier ou a
modifier leurs propres convictions face au defi que represente son
oeuvre. Figure emblematique de son siecle, Rousseau suscite
l'indignation mais oblige aussi a des reexamens difficiles. C'est
par l'etude de cette position a la fois centrale et marginale que
l'on peut saisir la force de sa pensee et discerner ce qu'elle
signifie pour nous.
Eighteenth-century Epicureanism is often viewed as radical,
anti-religious and politically dangerous. But to what extent does
this simplify the ancient philosophy and underestimate its
significance in Enlightenment writing? Through a pan-European
analysis of Enlightenment centres from Scotland to Russia via the
Netherlands, France and Germany, contributors argue that elements
of classical Epicureanism were appropriated by radical and
conservative writers alike. They move beyond literature and
political theory to examine the application of Epicurean ideas in
domains as diverse as physics, natural law, and the philosophy of
language, drawing on the work of both major figures (Diderot,
Helvetius, Smith and Hume) and of lesser-known but equally
influential thinkers (Johann Jacob Schmauss and Dmitrii Anichkov).
This unique collaboration, bringing together historians,
philosophers, political scientists and literary scholars, provides
rich and varied insights into the different strategic uses of
Epicureanism in the eighteenth century.
What constituted the 'private' in the eighteenth-century? In
Representing private lives of the Enlightenment authors look beyond
a simple equation of the private and the domestic to explore the
significance of the individual and its constructions of identity
and environment. Taking case studies from Russia, France, Italy and
England, specialists from a range of disciplines analyse
descriptions of the private situated largely outside the familial
context: the nobleman at the theatre or in his study, the woman in
her boudoir, portraitists and their subject, the solitary wanderer
in the public garden, the penitent at confession. This critical
approach provides a comparative framework that simultaneously
confirms the Enlightenment as a pan-European movement, both
intellectually and socially, whilst uncovering striking
counterpoints. What emerges is a unique sense of how individuals
from different classes and cultures sought to map their social and
domestic sphere, and an understanding of the permeable boundaries
separating private and public.
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