From the wooden teeth of George Washington to the Bly prosthesis, popular in the 1860s and boasting easy uniform motions of the limb, to today's lifelike approximations, prosthetic devices reveal the extent to which the evolution and design of technologies of the body are intertwined with both the practical and subjective needs of human beings.

The peculiar history of prosthetic devices sheds light on the relationship between technological change and the civilizing process of modernity, and analyzes the concrete materials of prosthetics which carry with them ideologies of body, ideals, body politics, and culture.

Simultaneously critiquing, historicizing, and theorizing prosthetics, Artificial Parts, Practical Lives lays out a balanced and complex picture of its subject, neither vilifying nor celebrating the merger of flesh and machine.

The goal of this book is to close the gap between high technology and accessibility for people having lost their independence due to the loss of physical and/or cognitive capabilities. Robots and mechatronic devices bring the opportunity to improve the autonomy of disabled people and facilitate their social and professional integration by assisting them to perform daily living tasks. Technical topics of interest include, but are not limited to: Communication and learning applications in SCI an CP, Interface and Internet-based designs, Issues in human-machine interaction, Personal robotics, Hardware and control, Evaluation methods, Clinical experience, Orthotics and prosthetics, Robotics for older adults, Service robotics, Movement physiology and motor control.

This ground-breaking title begins with an introductory overview of the Lower Extremity Gait Systems (LEGS) project, identifying concerns and observations as context for the reader to consider topics and challenges detailed in later chapters. Next are chapters that explore relevant military and civilian needs, and an essential historical context of the capabilities and limitations of contemporary prosthetics. The section concludes with an overview of essential components used in passive and active lower limb prosthetics, including sockets, foot, ankle, and knee systems, as well as emerging bionic systems. A second section considers research and development in orthotics, synthetic and biological materials, volitional control, and wearable robotics (also known as exoskeletons). Finally, expert authors explore advanced science and emerging medical perspectives in research related to limb salvage, osseointegration, limb transplantation, and tissue engineering. Designed for medical practitioners, engineers, students, and researchers who use or develop prosthetic technology for civilian or military amputees, Full Stride: Advancing the State of the Art in Lower Extremity Gait Systems will be of great interest to trauma specialists, orthopedists, rehabilitation specialists, nursing staff and physical therapists, as well as researchers and scientists who specialize in fields that shape and inform advanced prosthetic device development such as materials sciences, engineering (electrical, mechanical, biomedical), robotics, and human physiology.

This book raises questions about the changing relationships between technology, people and health. It examines the accelerating pace of technological development and a general shift to personalized, patient-led medicine. Such relationships are increasingly mediated through particular medical technologies, drawn together by the authors as 'personal medical devices' (PMDs) - devices that are attached to, worn by, interacted with, or carried by individuals for the purposes of generating biomedical data and carrying out medical interventions on the person concerned. The burgeoning PMD field is advancing rapidly across multiple domains and disciplines - so rapidly that conceptual and empirical research and thinking around PMDs, and their clinical, social and philosophical implications, often lag behind new technical developments and medical interventions. This timely and original volume explores the significant and under-researched impact of personal medical devices on contemporary understandings of health and illness. It will be a valuable read for scholars and practitioners of medicine, health, science and technology and social science.

The main objective in the rehabilitation of people following amputation is to restore or improve their functioning, which includes their return to work. Full-time employment leads to beneficial health effects and being healthy leads to increased chances of full-time employment (Ross and Mirowskay 1995). Employment of disabled people enhances their self-esteem and reduces social isolation (Dougherty 1999). The importance of returning to work for people following amputation the- fore has to be considered. Perhaps the first article about reemployment and problems people may have at work after amputation was published in 1955 (Boynton 1955). In later years, there have been sporadic studies on this topic. Greater interest and more studies about returning to work and problems people have at work following amputation arose in the 1990s and has continued in recent years (Burger and Marinc ?ek 2007). These studies were conducted in different countries on all the five continents, the greatest number being carried out in Europe, mainly in the Netherlands and the UK (Burger and Marinc ?ek 2007). Owing to the different functions of our lower and upper limbs, people with lower limb amputations have different activity limitations and participation restrictions compared to people with upper limb amputations. Both have problems with driving and carrying objects. People with lower limb amputations also have problems standing, walking, running, kicking, turning and stamping, whereas people with upper limb amputations have problems grasping, lifting, pushing, pulling, writing, typing, and pounding (Giridhar et al. 2001).

This book describes the whole field of endoprosthetics, with all its potential, for practicing clinicians. The following aspects are dealt with in particular: indications and contraindications, surgical procedures (pros and cons), pain therapy, post-operative problems, infections, risks, necessary medication, length of medication, and post-operative patient care.

Although hip, knee and other orthopaedic implants are well-established prostheses, much remains to be understood about how these implants wear in use. This important book summarises the wealth of recent research in this area and its implications for implant and joint design.
After an introductory overview, the book reviews the causes and prevention of implant wear. Part one discusses fundamental issues such as tissue response to wear, the anatomy and biomechanics of hips and knees as well as the materials and design issues they raise for hip, knee and other types of orthopaedic implant. Part two considers wear phenomena in a range of materials, including ultra-high molecular weight (UHMWPE), metal and ceramic joints. It also covers surgical and other factors influencing wear as well as ways of detecting, analysing and predicting implant wear and failure.
With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Wear of orthopaedic implants and artificial joints is a standard reference for implant manufacturers, surgeons and those researching this important area.
Summarises the wealth of recent research into the wear of orthopaedic implants and artificial joints and discusses the implications for implant and joint designReviews the causes and prevention of implant wear, tissue response to wear, the anatomy and biomechanics of hips and knees and the materials and design issues they raise for orthopaedic implantsConsiders wear phenomena in a range of materials, including ultra-high molecular weight (UHMWPE), metal and ceramic joints

A Focus on 3D Printing for Healthcare Applications is an indispensable collection of articles for anyone interested in additive manufacturing and prosthetics. It includes insights and examples into 3D printing for:- Biomedical prototypes- Tissue engineering- Bone scaffold manufacturing- Dental applications 3D printing has huge potential to deliver tailored healthcare solutions. Find out some of the reasons why by reading this collection.

Master the tools of design thinking using Neuroprosthetics: Principles and Applications. Developed from successfully tested material used in an undergraduate and graduate level course taught to biomedical engineering and neuroscience students, this book focuses on the use of direct neural sensing and stimulation as a therapeutic intervention for complex disorders of the brain. It covers the theory and applications behind neuroprosthetics and explores how neuroprosthetic design thinking can enhance value for users of a direct neural interface. The book explains the fundamentals of design thinking, introduces essential concepts from neuroscience and engineering illustrating the major components of neuroprosthetics, and presents practical applications. In addition to describing the approach of design thinking (based on facts about the user's needs, desires, habits, attitudes, and experiences with neuroprosthetics), it also examines how effectively "human centered" neuroprosthetics can address people's needs and interactions in their daily lives. Identifying concepts and features of devices that work well with users of a direct neural interface, this book: Outlines the signal sensing capabilities and trade-offs for common electrode designs, and determines the most appropriate electrode for any neuroprosthetic application Specifies neurosurgical techniques and how electronics should be tailored to capture neural signals Provides an understanding of the mechanisms of neural-electrode performance and information contained in neural signals Provides understanding of neural decoding in neuroprosthetic applications Describes the strategies that can be used to promote long-term therapeutic interventions for humans through the use of neuroprosthetics The first true primary text for undergraduate and graduate students in departments of neuroscience and bioengineering that covers the theory and applications behind this science, Neuroprosthetics: Principles and Applications provides the fundamental knowledge needed to understand how electrodes translate neural activity into signals that are useable by machines and enables readers to master the tools of design thinking and apply them to any neuroprosthetic application.

Contents:
1. The amg ARTHOS and ARTHOS^TInert Coronary Stent Implantation Systems 2. The Antares Starflex Coronary Stent System 3. The AST SLK-view Stent and Delivery System 4. The BeStent2 Stent 5. The biodivYsio AS, OC, SV Stent Range with PC Technology^TTM 6. The Bx VELOCITY^TTM Stent 7. The Carbostent SIRIUS Stent 8. The Cordynamic Apolo Stent 9. The Coroflex and Coroflex Delta Coronary Stent Systems 10. The Duraflex^TTM Coronary Stent System 11. The Express Coronary Stent System 12. The GENIC DYLN Stent 13. The GENIC, GENIC SV and GENIC LV Stent Systems 14. The Genius Coronary Stent 15. The Igaki-Tamai Stent 16. The JOSTENT Coronary Stent Range 17. The Lunar Coronary Stent System 18. The Maeo Stent 19. The Med-X Flexy Stent 20. The Medtronic AVE Modular Stents ^TTM Coronary Stent System 23. The Multi-Link RX PIXEL^TTM Coronary Stent System 24. The Multi-Link RX Ultra^TTM Coronary Stent System 25. The Nexus and Nexus II Stents 26. The NIR and NIRFLEX Coronary Stents 27. The Prolink Stent 28. The ProPass Stent 29. The Coronary R Stent^TTM 30. The Rithron and Rithron-XR Coronary Stents 31. The Seaquest Stent^TTM 32. The Spiral Force Stent 33. The Tsunami Coronary Stent System 34. The Zebra Stent Section II: Drug-Eluting Stents 35. The Background, Rationale for and Current Status of the ELUTES (EvaLUation of paclitaxel Elusting Stent) Trial 36. The Biocompatibles' Drug-Eluting Stents 37. The Boston Scientific Antiproliferative, Paclitaxel Eluting Stents (TAXUS) 38. The Multi-Link TETRA D^TTM Drug-Coated Coronary Stent System 39. The Ohytis DLC (Diamond-Like Carbon) Coated Stents 40. The Phytis Double-Coated Stent 41. The Quaman QuaDDS-QP2 Stent 42. The Sirolimus-Eluting Bx VELOCITY^TTM Stent: Preclinical Data 43. The Sirolimus-Eluting Bx VELOCITY^TTM Stents: Clinical Data

This useful reference provides up-to-the-minute coverage of every aspect of valvular heart disease-presenting etiology, pathophysiology, and symptomatology in detail as well as current methods of diagnosis and treatment.
Examines specific problems in valvular heart disease such as endocarditis, pregnancy, arrhythmias, rheumatic disease, acute regurgitation, and surgery in children and the elderly
Reviewing the latest invasive and non-invasive diagnostic techniques and analyzing the wide variety of management choices, Valvular Heart Disease
explicates the pathology, echocardiography, and the radiological examination of valvular diseases
discusses each of the heart valves
elucidates possible pitfalls in diagnosis and management
shows how to assess left and right ventricular function and how to time surgery
illustrates the benefits and drawbacks of medical, interventional, and surgical management, including balloon catheter, valvotomy, and valve repair
supplies an in-depth overview of conservative therapy
and more

From the wooden teeth of George Washington to the Bly prosthesis, popular in the 1860s and boasting easy uniform motions of the limb, to today's lifelike approximations, prosthetic devices reveal the extent to which the evolution and design of technologies of the body are intertwined with both the practical and subjective needs of human beings.

The peculiar history of prosthetic devices sheds light on the relationship between technological change and the civilizing process of modernity, and analyzes the concrete materials of prosthetics which carry with them ideologies of body, ideals, body politics, and culture.

Simultaneously critiquing, historicizing, and theorizing prosthetics, Artificial Parts, Practical Lives lays out a balanced and complex picture of its subject, neither vilifying nor celebrating the merger of flesh and machine.

Foreword from a Clinical Biomechanist, Applied Physiologist and Prosthetist teaching graduate students in Prosthetics & Orthotics. While there are many books on Biomechanics, arguably the quintessential science of limb prosthetics, none addresses the fundamental principles in sufficient detail and depth to be practically useful to the prosthetist, rehabilitation specialist or researcher. Dr. Pitkin's monograph is an exemplary collection of theoretical principles from his research and o- ers, presented in its clinical and applied biomechanics form. The textbook provides an excellent overview of the many facets of lower limb prosthetic design and engineering for the ardent clinician researcher and student. The book delves into many of the basic concepts that are required knowledge for the clinician and the scientist to have as the foundation for their work. Dr. Pitkin has an e- quent manner in which he reflects on the history and literature to tell the storied evolution of prosthetic design . He takes the reader on a journey to consider his theories, which have substantive foundations to contemplate. By the end of chapter one, we have the basic h- tory and an appreciation for the rationale behind the "rolling joint ankle" with evidence to support his theoretical views.

Lower-Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics: Clinical Concepts is a comprehensive overview of lower-limb prosthetics and orthotics, covering normal and pathological gait, lower-limb biomechanics, clinical applications, as well as prosthetic and orthotic designs and components. Joan Edelstein and Alex Moroz have written Lower-Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics with the clinician's perspective in mind. Clinical management is incorporated throughout the text, including basic surgical concepts, postoperative management, preprosthetic care, and training in the use of devices. Additionally, this text incorporates unique features relevant to physicians such as prescription writing and prosthetic and orthotic construction and modification, as well as, the latest research regarding energy consumption and long-term utilization of prostheses. Chapters Include: Orthotics in neuromuscular diseases Orthotics in pediatrics Functional expectations Gait and activities training Transtibial and transfemoral prostheses and components Transtibial and transfemoral biomechanics, evaluation, and gait analysis Disarticulations and Bilateral Amputations With over 150 line drawings and photographs to supplement the text, Lower-Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics: Clinical Concepts is ideal for clinicians in the fields of physical medicine and rehabilitation, orthopedics, vascular surgery, physical therapy and occupational therapy.

In Attachments to War Jennifer Terry traces how biomedical logics entangle Americans in a perpetual state of war. Focusing on the Afghanistan and Iraq wars between 2002 and 2014, Terry identifies the presence of a biomedicine-war nexus in which new forms of wounding provoke the continual development of complex treatment, rehabilitation, and prosthetic technologies. At the same time, the U.S. military rationalizes violence and military occupation as necessary conditions for advancing medical knowledge and saving lives. Terry examines the treatment of war-generated polytrauma, postinjury bionic prosthetics design, and the development of defenses against infectious pathogens, showing how the interdependence between war and biomedicine is interwoven with neoliberal ideals of freedom, democracy, and prosperity. She also outlines the ways in which military-sponsored biomedicine relies on racialized logics that devalue the lives of Afghan and Iraqi citizens and U.S. veterans of color. Uncovering the mechanisms that attach all Americans to war and highlighting their embeddedness and institutionalization in everyday life via the government, media, biotechnology, finance, and higher education, Terry helps lay the foundation for a more meaningful opposition to war.

Biofragmentable anastomoses rings represent a fascinating concept: Stan dardization of anastomoses, secure technique in application, expulsion of the material without residuals. In addition, one single technique allows to perform the classical end to end, end to side, and side to side anastomoses in most areas of the gastrointestinal tract, without any auxiliary tool. This means a great advantage of practicability. Controlled studies evidenced that the rate of complications is very small for the intestinal tract. Therefore, it is important to establish the localization for present indication and contra indications. Two chapters especially deal with upper GI anastomoses in cluding esophagus anastomoses and with BAR anastomoses in inflammatory bowel disease. This is done by analysing the data and by an exchange of experience between the clinical research groups. This book is to communi cate experimental data and to increase understanding about pathophysiology of the healing of anastomoses by means of compression anastomoses. Wiirzburg, Germany, Prof. Dr. R. ENGEMANN October 1994 Prof. Dr. A. THIEDE Contents Experimental Research Histological and Clinical Aspects of Early Healing of the Valtrac Anastomosis in the Colon R. GULLICHSEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Colorectal Intramural Blood Supply and Microcirculation in Man M. A. R. AL FALLOUJI (With 5 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Biofragmentable Anastomosis Ring Versus Stapled Anastomoses in the Extraperitoneal Rectum: Experimental Study in Dogs N. G. CZECZKO, B. POLONIO, L. F. COLA"

In the field of orthopedic surgery, additional areas of application and new indications have been discovered for fibrin glue treatment, for example, hemostasis in pseudotumors in hemophilic patients or in torn ligaments, and in spongiosa transplantation, primarily when nonautologous bone material is being used, or to fill large defects. In maxillofacial surgery fibrin glue is mainly used for osseous contouring of the facial and frontal bones, for alveolar ridge augmentations in preprosthetic surgery, and for soft tissue reconstructions.