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Books > Academic & Education > Professional & Technical > Psychology
International Review of Research in Mental Retardation is an ongoing scholarly look at research into the causes, effects, classification systems, syndromes, etc. of mental retardation. Contributors come from wide-ranging perspectives, including genetics, psychology, education, and other health and behavioral sciences.
The pre-eminent 19th century British ethicist, Henry Sidgwick once
said:
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Each chapter provides a thoughtful integration of a body of work. Volume 40 includes in its coverage chapters on memory, categorization, implicit and explicit learning, and the effects of rewards and punishments on learning.
Volume 22 of Research in Organizational Behavior continues the tradition of innovation and theoretical development with eight diverse papers. Most of these papers present theory and propositions that make linkages between different levels of analysis.
Traditionally, books on parent education have focused on techniques
from a certain tradition, either behavioral or humanistic, that
could be applied to any problem of parenting or child behavior
change. These books have used a "cook-book" approach that is
frequently oblivious to environmental conditions that influence
behavior or take into account the individual differences of the
children or families involved. This book highlights the complexity
of our society and times by exploring the problems faced by diverse
types of parents, children, and parenting situations. Moreover, the
sensitive issues of parenting in unique populations are handled in
a caring, straight-forward way with an emphasis on research-based
parent education programs along with tips and strategies for
everyday use.
Educators and educational psychologists recognize transfer of
learning as perhaps the most significant issue in all fields of
instruction. Transfer of learning cuts across all educational
domains, curricula, and methods. Despite its importance, research
and experience clearly show that significant transfer of learning
in either the classroom or in everyday life seldom occurs. Simply
put, transfer of learning is illustrated by the phrases "It reminds
me of..." or "It's like..." or "It's the same as...." This book
addresses the fundamental problem of how past or current learning
is applied and adapted to similar and/or new situations. Based on a
review of the applied educational and cognitive research, as well
as on the author's teaching experience with transfer of learning,
this book presents a new framework for understanding and achieving
transfer of learning.
This special thematic volume on Autism in the International Review of Research in Mental Retardation series provides a comprehensive overview of research on autism today. Coverage includes discussion of the genetics, diagnosis, neural and cognitive basis, and development of autism, as well as an exploration of the effects of autism on language, attachment, and emotional responsiveness. A final chapter examines the psychological impact that raising an autistic child has on the family.
Treating Adult Children of Alcoholics showcases the first
collection of treatment chapters devoted entirely to a systematic
behavioral analysis of drinking and nondrinking offspring of
alcoholic families. The author identifies the functional and
behavioral characteristics that make up the adult children of
alcoholics (ACOA) syndrome. This compendium combines current
innovations in behavioral medicine with multi-componential
interventions shown effective with the variety of disorders evident
in this patient population. This handbook for practitioners is
richly laced with case examples and addresses the needs of
therapists seeking fast, effective and proven treatments for
longstanding clinical symptoms of children of alcoholics.
The idea for this book grew out of the conference "Motivational
Psychology of Ontogenesis" held at the Max Planck Institute for
Human Development in Berlin, Germany, in May 1998. This conference
focused on the interface of development and motivation and
therefore brought together scholars from three major areas in
psychology - developmental, motivational and lifespan.
In understanding human behavior, psychologists have long been
interested in what motivates specific actions. Debates have pitted
extrinsic motivators (e.g. rewards/punishment) against intrinsic
motivation in attempting to determine what best motivates
individuals. This book provides a summary view of what research has
determined about both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, and
clarifies what questions remain unanswered. Divided into three
sections, section I revisits the debate about the effects of
extrinsic incentives or constraints on intrinsic motivation and
creativity, and identifies theoretical advances in motivational
research. Section II focuses on the hidden costs and benefits of
different types of achievement goals on motivation and performance.
Section III discusses theory and research findings on how extrinsic
and intrinsic motivators may work in everyday life and over time.
This book is of interest to researchers in psychology, education,
and business, as well as to a wider audience interested in
promoting optimal motivation and performance.
There has been a major shift in the way we conceptualize and
provide services to children and adolescents with mental health
needs. We are moving away from the traditional disorder-oriented
model of treatment to a child-centered, family-focused service
delivery system that mandates mental health services in the context
of the child's family and social ecology. This new system of care
has spawned many variations of the model, including wraparound
services, multisystemic treatment (MST), futures planning, and
person-centred planning.
Multivariate statistics and mathematical models provide flexible and powerful tools essential in most disciplines. Nevertheless, many practicing researchers lack an adequate knowledge of these techniques, or did once know the techniques, but have not been able to keep abreast of new developments. The Handbook of Applied Multivariate Statistics and Mathematical Modeling explains the appropriate uses of multivariate procedures and mathematical modeling techniques, and prescribe practices that enable applied researchers to use these procedures effectively without needing to concern themselves with the mathematical basis. The Handbook emphasizes using models and statistics as tools. The objective of the book is to inform readers about which tool to use to accomplish which task. Each chapter begins with a discussion of what kinds of questions a particular technique can and cannot answer. As multivariate statistics and modeling techniques are useful across disciplines, these examples include issues of concern in biological and social sciences as well as the humanities.
The Essence of Psychotherapy traces the common thread in all
psychotherapy approaches--behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic,
strategic, and humanistic--and defines this "essence" as a set of
fundamental principles and ultimate objectives that must be
preserved in the face of increased standardization in the field.
While today's therapist is guided by protocols and manuals,
psychotherapy, in practice, remains an art. Nicholas and Janet
Cummings have gathered case studies of master therapists to
illustrate the essential process of successful therapy and to show
that, as an art, it is both teachable and verifiable.
Until recently, most psychological research was conducted using
subject samples in close proximity to the investigators--namely
university undergraduates. In recent years, however, it has become
possible to test people from all over the world by placing
experiments on the internet. The number of people using the
internet for this purpose is likely to become the main venue for
subject pools in coming years. As such, learning about experiments
on the internet will be of vital interest to all research
psychologists.
The study of language has increasingly become an area of interdisciplinary interest. Not only is it studied by speech specialists and linguists, but by psychologists and neuroscientists as well, particularly in understanding how the brain processes meaning. This book is a comprehensive look at sentence processing as it pertains to the brain, with contributions from individuals in a wide array of backgrounds, covering everything from language acquisition to lexical and syntactic processing, speech pathology, memory, neuropsychology, and brain imaging.
Advances in the Study of Behavior, Volume 29 continues to serve
scientists across a wide spectrum of disciplines. Focusing on new
theories and research developments with respect to behavioral
ecology, evolutionary biology, and comparative psychology, these
volumes foster cooperation and communications in these dense
fields.
Recent government publications such as "Benchmarks for Scientific Literacy" and "Science for All Americans" have given teachers a mandate for improving science education in America. What we know about how learners construct meaning--particularly in the natural sciences--has undergone a virtual revolution in the past 25 years. Teachers, as well as researchers, are now grappling with how to better teach science, as well as how to assess whether students are learning. Assessing Science Understanding is a companion volume to Teaching Science for Understanding and explores how to assess whether learning has taken place. The book discusses a range of promising new and practical tools for assessment, including concept maps, vee diagrams, clinical interviews, problem sets, performance-based assessments, computer-based methods, visual and observational testing, portfolios, explanatory models, and national examinations.
The Handbook of Self-Regulation represents state-of-the-art
coverage of the latest theory, research, and developments in
applications of self-regulation research. Chapters are of interest
to psychologists interested in the development and operation of
self-regulation as well as applications to health, organizational,
clinical, and educational psychology.
The book is concerned with the cognitive contributions to
perception, that is, with the influence of attention, intention, or
motor processes on performances in spatial and temporal tasks. The
chapters deal with fundamental perceptual processes resulting from
the simple localization of an object in space or from the temporal
determination of an event within a series of events. The themes of the book are highly topical. There is a growing
interest in studies both with healthy persons and with patients
that focus on localization errors and dissociations in
localizations resulting from different tasks. These errors lead to
new concepts of how visual space is represented. Such deviations
are not only observed in the spatial domain but in the temporal
domain as well. Typical examples are errors in duration judgments
or synchronization errors in tapping tasks. In addition, several
studies indicate the influence of attention on both the timing and
on the localization of dynamic events. Another intriguing question
originates from well-known interactions between intermodal events,
namely, whether these events are based on a single representation
or whether different representations interact.
Men and Depression: Clinical and Empirical Perspectives is the only
book currently available that integrates psychological theories and
the latest research findings with clinical recommendations for
working with men who are suffering from depression. This volume
covers a wide range of topics and issues that relate to men and
depression, including: assessment of male depression; statistics on
depression in men; theories to explain depression in men; treating
depression in men with both pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy; the
interrelation of grief, loss, trauma, and depression in men; the
problem of suicide and how to assess and treat suicide risk in men;
and prospects for future work in this important area.
Advances in Child Development and Behavior is intended to ease the task faced by researchers, instructors, and students who are confronted by the vast amount of research and theoretical discussion in child development and behavior. The serial provides scholarly technical articles with critical reviews, recent advances in research, and fresh theoretical viewpoints. Volume 27 discusses language acquisition, object recognition, temperament, attachment, infant problem solving, and Piaget's theory.
Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Each chapter provides a thoughtful integration of a body of work. Volume 39 includes in its coverage chapters on category learning, relational timing, infant memory, depression and memory, goals and choice, and more.
The interdisciplinary field of cognitive science brings together elements of cognitive psychology, mathematics, perception, and linguistics. Focusing on the main areas of exploration in this field today, Cognitive Science presents comprehensive overviews of research findings and discusses new cross-over areas of interest. Contributors represent the most senior and well-established names in the field. This volume serves as a high-level introduction, with sufficient breadth to be a graduate-level text, and enough depth to be a valued reference source to researchers.
How does a therapist go about starting a psychotherapy group? In
this practical guide the reader finds the elements, both
attitudinal and procedural, needed for starting a therapy group.
The processes of obtaining referrals, selecting clients, orienting
and educating clients, and preparing clients for psychotherapy are
covered in clear step-by-step procedures. Tables and charts are
provided for the necessary record keeping. The initial chapters
detail the important stages leading up to the first therapy
session. Eminent group therapists present special chapters on
various therapeutic approaches. The topics of terminating groups
and the role of the therapist close this pragmatic guide to therapy
groups.
The Psychoanalytic Study of Lives Over Time: Clinical and Research Perspectives on Children Who Return to Treatment in Adulthood is a landmark volume that addresses an essential clinical question: what is the nature of the process and outcome of clinical work with children? An internationally renowned group of analytic clinicians and clinician-researchers all comment on three fascinating child analytic situations where the patient returned to treatment in adulthood. |
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