North Sami: An Essential Grammar is the most up-to-date work on North Sami grammar to be published in English. The book provides: a clear and comprehensive overview of modern Sami grammar including examples drawn from authentic texts of various genres. a systematic order of topics beginning with the alphabet and phonology, continuing with nominal and verbal morphology and syntax, and concluding with more advanced topics such as discourse particles, complex sentences, and word formation. full explanations of the grammatical terminology for the benefit of readers without a background in linguistics. Suitable for linguists, as well as independent and classroom-based students, North Sami: An Essential Grammar is an accessible but thorough introduction to the essential morphology and syntax of modern North Sami, the largest of the Sami languages.

If you need to start speaking German Fast, but you don't have a lot of time to study the language, "German For Dummies Audio Set" is the quick-learning solution for you. These three sixty-minute CDs feature fast, focused instruction that gets you quickly up to speed on essential vocabulary and language structure.

This practical, portable audio set is designed to help you learn to speak German in a hurry and with no fuss, whether you're at home or on the road. From basic greetings and expressions to grammar and conversations, you'll grasp the essentials and start communicating right away Plus, you can follow along with the handy 96-page portable guide. It's filled with words and phrases you'll hear on the CD and also includes a mini dictionary. You can practice at your own pace and skip around to focus on immediate needs. Discover how to: Get started with basic words and phrasesHandle greetings and introductionsForm sentences and practice parts of speechAsk questions and understand the answersBuild your own vocabularyTalk about numbers, time, and the calendarHandle real-world situationsAsk for directionsGet help at a hotel, the bank, a store

Heading for Germany, Austria, Switzerland, or any other German speaking country? "German For Dummies Audio Set" is packed with all of the must-have expressions and phrases, you need to conduct business or have a great vacation

German Business Situations is a handy reference and learning text for all who use or need spoken German for business. Over 40 situations are simply presented, including * basic phone calls * leaving messages * making presentations * comparing, enquiring, booking selling techniques With full English translations and usage note, German Business Situations will help you to communicate confidently and effectively in a broad range of everyday business situations

This new and completely revised edition of Colloquial Portuguese of Brazil provides a step-by-step course in Portuguese as it is written and spoken in Brazil today. Combining a user-friendly approach with a thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Brazilian Portuguese in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. This edition features: progressive coverage of speaking, listening, reading and writing skills structured, jargon-free explanations of grammar an extensive range of focused and stimulating exercises realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of scenarios useful vocabulary lists throughout the text Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Portuguese of Brazil will be an indispensable resource both for independent learners and students taking courses in Brazilian Portuguese. Colloquials are now supported by FREE AUDIO available online. All audio tracks referenced within the text are free to stream or download from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio complements the book and will help enhance learners' listening and speaking skills. By the end of this course, you will be at level A1 to A2 of the Common European Framework for Languages and Novice Low to Mid on the ACTFL proficiency scales.

Learning Italian is easy with Dummies Italian Workbook For Dummies is for beginners who want to get started learning Italian. Packed with foundational grammar and integrated vocab, Italian Workbook For Dummies will set new language learners on their way to a wonderful experience learning this beautiful romance language. This book provides valuable practice lessons and exercises so that you can learn to write and communicate in Italian with confidence. Italian Workbook For Dummies is also an excellent supplement for any student looking to boost their classroom learning. With the tried-and-true expertise of Dummies, you'll move through the Italian basics with ease. Get introduced to the Italian language, including basic grammar and pronunciation Complete exercises to improve your ability to write and speak in Italian Learn important phrases for travelling, doing business, and studying in Italy Build your vocabulary, discover common slang, and learn authentic expressions This is the perfect Dummies guide for those who are brand new to the Italian language, regardless of age or background. Gain the confidence you need to interact in Italiano!

Talk Arabic has already inspired thousands of people to learn Arabic from scratch and find the confidence to give it a go.

Whether you're learning for business, travel or just for fun, its straightforward, step-by-step approach will ensure you're soon able to speak Arabic in a range of everyday situations.

With its specially designed activities and clear, jargon-free grammar explanations you'll quickly develop your language skills and make genuine progress right from the start.

• Make real progress using the successful, proven Talk method.
• Develop your language skills with tips and strategies to help you learn.
• Practise and learn with interactive activities to support every topic.

Talk Arabic focusses on the Arabic of the Levant, spoken in Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Palestine and widely understood elsewhere.

This book brings together papers which address a range of issues regarding the nature and structure of sign languages and other gestural systems, and how they exploit the space in which they are conveyed. The chapters focus on five pertinent areas reflecting different, but related research topics: * space in language and gesture, * point of view and referential shift, * morphosyntax of verbs in ASL, * gestural systems and sign language, and * language acquisition and gesture. Sign languages and gestural systems are produced in physical space; they manipulate spatial contrasts for linguistic and communicative purposes. In addition to exploring the different functions of space, researchers discuss similarities and differences between visual-gestural systems -- established sign languages, pidgin sign language (International Sign), "homesign" systems developed by deaf children with no sign language input, novel gesture systems invented by hearing nonsigners, and the gesticulation that accompanies speech. The development of gesture and sign language in children is also examined in both hearing and deaf children, charting the emergence of gesture ("manual babbling"), its use as a prelinguistic communicative device, and its transformation into language-like systems in homesigners. Finally, theoretical linguistic accounts of the structure of sign languages are provided in chapters dealing with the analysis of referential shift, the structure of narrative, the analysis of tense and the structure of the verb phrase in American Sign Language. Taken together, the chapters in this volume present a comprehensive picture of sign language and gesture research from a group of international scholars who investigate a range of communicative systems from formal sign languages to the gesticulation that accompanies speech.

Language learning is easy with Dummies Brazilian Portuguese For Dummies can help you achieve your goals of learning another language. Traveling to Brazil? Taking a class in school? Want to meet people and pick up a new hobby? Just curious about the sixth most spoken language in the world? We've got you covered, with easy-to-follow lessons on the basics, plus phrases and topics you need to know, like greetings, travel phrases, business phrases, numbers and measurements, and social media. Add speaking Portuguese to the long list of cool things you can do--with the help of Brazilian Portuguese For Dummies. Start from the beginning and learn the very basics of Brazilian Portuguese Practice authentic phrases for travel, business, and communicating online Perfect your pronunciation with bonus audio tracks, and discover fun facts about Brazilian culture Get recommendations for movies, travel tips, and more Whether you're studying Portuguese for business, school, or pleasure, Dummies is the best guide for getting started with this beautiful language.

Basic Irish: A Grammar and Workbook provides a jargon-free introduction to the most commonly used grammatical structures within the Irish language. Focusing on the repeated use of grammatical patterns, this Workbook develops an understanding of the structures presented, making the forms familiar and automatic for learners. This user-friendly workbook includes: terminology introduced and explained with multiple examples exercises in the grammatical forms introduced in the text translation exercises an exercise key.

Colloquial Panjabi: The Complete Course for Beginners has been carefully developed by an experienced teacher to provide a step-by-step course to Panjabi as it is written and spoken today. Combining a clear, practical and accessible style with a methodical and thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Panjabi in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. Colloquial Panjabi is exceptional; each unit presents a wealth of grammatical points that are reinforced with a wide range of exercises for regular practice. A full answer key, a grammar summary, bilingual glossaries and English translations of dialogues can be found at the back as well as useful vocabulary lists throughout. Key features include: A clear, user-friendly format designed to help learners progressively build up their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills Jargon-free, succinct and clearly structured explanations of grammar An extensive range of focused and dynamic supportive exercises Realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of narrative situations Helpful cultural points explaining the customs and features of life in Panjabi-speaking areas. An overview of the sounds of Panjabi Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Panjabi is an indispensable resource both for independent learners and students taking courses in Panjabi. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills. A wealth of additional text material is also provided on the website. This supplementary material builds on the foundation provided in the Colloquial Panjabi course and will develop your language skills beyond the beginner level into intermediate study.

Do you know Brazilian Portuguese already and want to go a stage further? If you're planning a visit to Brazil, need to brush up your Brazilian Portuguese for work, or are simply doing a course, Colloquial Portuguese of Brazil 2 is the ideal way to refresh your knowledge of the language and to extend your skills. Key features of Colloquial Portuguese of Brazil 2 include: revision material to help consolidate and build up your basics a wide range of contemporary authentic documents lots of spoken and written exercises in each unit highlighted key structures and phrases, a grammar reference and detailed answer keys a broad range of everyday situations, focusing on Brazil supplementary exercises and Brazilian Portuguese language web-links at www.routledge.com/languages. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

Colloquial Spanish of Latin America: The Complete Course for Beginners has been carefully developed by an experienced teacher to provide a step-by-step course to Latin American Spanish as it is written and spoken today. Combining a clear, practical and accessible style with a methodical and thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Latin American Spanish in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. Colloquial Spanish of Latin America is exceptional; each unit presents a wealth of grammatical points that are reinforced with a wide range of exercises for regular practice. A full answer key, a grammar summary, bilingual glossaries and English translations of dialogues can be found at the back as well as useful vocabulary lists throughout. Key features include: A clear, user-friendly format designed to help learners progressively build up their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills Jargon-free, succinct and clearly structured explanations of grammar An extensive range of focused and dynamic supportive exercises Realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of narrative situations Helpful cultural points explaining the customs and features of life in Latin America An overview of the sounds of Latin American Spanish. Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Spanish of Latin America is an indispensable resource both for independent learners and students taking courses in Latin American Spanish. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

Pronunciation, spelling, the concept of roots and patterns and idomatic phrases are just some of the areas that cause confusion for students of Arabic. Learning how to avoid the common errors that arise repeatedly in these areas is an essential step in successful language learning. Speed Up Your Arabic is a unique and innovative resource that identifies and explains the most commonly made errors, enabling students to learn from their mistakes and enhance their understanding of the Arabic language. Each of the nine chapters focuses on a grammatical category where English speakers typically make mistakes in Arabic. Each chapter is divided into sections that classify the concepts and errors into subcategories. Full explanations are provided throughout with clear, comprehensive examples and exercises to help the learner gain an in-depth understanding of Arabic grammar and usage. Key features: Carefully selected grammar topics and examples based on the most commonly made errors Comprehensive explanations of the most difficult grammar points help learners gain an in-depth understanding of Arabic grammar and usage. Exercises throughout reinforce learning and link theory to practice A complete answer key making it ideal for self-study A glossary of grammatical terms, an Arabic-English glossary and a bibliography to aid learning Useful drills and listening samples available for free download at http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415660556/ Suitable both for classroom use or self-study, Speed Up Your Arabic is the ideal resource for all intermediate learners of Arabic wishing to refine their language skills.

Get By in French is the ideal travel companion - a quick and easy introduction to French and a phrase book covering all the essential language you'll need on your trip. Get to grips with the basics of a conversation before you leave, then take the book away with you as a handy reference guide. Understand the basics of the language with clear and easy-to-follow explanations. Try out what you have learned with mini role-plays and activities. Communicate with confidence with thousands of essential words and phrases. Get around easily with useful tips for the visitor. Eat out the French way with the comprehensive menu reader. Also contains a two-way mini dictionary so you'll never be stuck for the right word, and a full pronunciation guide so you'll always know how to say it! This 160-page book is also available in a pack with one 60-minute audio CD (9781406612592). Also available in these languages: Chinese, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Latin American Spanish, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish.

When Professor Frederic M. Wheelock's Latin first appeared in 1956, the reviews extolled its thoroughness, organization, and conciseness; at least one reviewer predicted that the book "might well become the standard text" for introducing students to elementary Latin. Now, more than four decades later, that prediction has certainly proved accurate.

Workbook for Wheelock's Latin is an essential companion to the classic introductory textbook. Designed to supplement the course of study in Wheelock's Latin, 6th Edition, each of the forty chapters in this newly updated edition features:

• Transformation drills, word and phrase translations, and other exercises designed to test and sharpen the student's skills
• "Word Power" sections that focus on vocabulary and derivatives
• Reading comprehension questions and sentences for translation practice
• Perforated pages for hand-in homework assignments and space for the student's name and date

The fast, informal way to learn to speak French - with integrated audio clips throughout. Listen to pronunciations and conversations.

French is a beautiful language but quite difficult to learn. Whether you need to learn the language for a French class, or you travel overseas for business or leisure, this enhanced edition of "French for Dummies" can help. Written in an easy-to-follow format, with integrated audio clips, it gives you just what you need for basic communication in French. The enhanced edition includes: Expanded coverage of necessary grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciationsUseful exercises, practice questions, and a mini-dictionary

Business, an upcoming class, travel - whatever your reason for wanting to learn a new language but don't have time to take a class, this enhanced edition of French For Dummies can get you well on your way to becoming fluent in no time

Learning Chinese is notoriously difficult and has long put off the most linguistically savvy Westerners... until now. Breaking down the Great Wall of language, ShaoLan Hsueh has unpicked Chinese characters and created a simple system for quickly understanding the basic building blocks of the written language. Working with renowned illustrator Noma Bar, she has developed a unique set of illustrations that are engaging and delightful, and offer a glimpse into the wonder of the Chinese language and culture. The book's main section introduces the 'radicals' - the key characters on which the language is built - and reveals how they can be combined to form a wealth of more complex words and phrases. In fewer than 200 pages, readers of all ages will have made the first steps towards a genuine appreciation of Chinese, loving every new character they learn.

The Beginner's Series is designed to meet the bilingual needs of the traveling businessperson, tourist, and student. These language lessons cover such common situations as: passing through customs, checking into a hotel, placing phone calls, going to the post office, and extending and accepting invitations. First learn about the country's history and culture, acquaint yourself with social customs, restaurant practices, and transportation systems. Then learn basic language skills, including vocabulary, grammar, and useful phrases that will have you communicating with natives and moving about feeely. Clear, easy to use, and insightful, the Beginner's Series will introduce you to the languages of the world.

The Middle East and other Arabic-speaking regions are of central importance in the world today. This handy booklet, designed to be carried in one's pocket, presents the basics of reading and understanding Arabic script. It begins with an introduction to the alphabet and the pronunciation of Arabic characters. The book also features the rules of reading and writing the language, including reading direction, consonant-vowel elisions, and, of course, letter linkages or ligatures, notoriously the most difficult aspect of the script to learn. It is an essential tool for travellers, business-people, and military personnel in the Middle East and other places where Arabic is spoken.

This compact book reproduces fifty-two memorials in Latin taken from churches situated largely in the West Country. Each memorial is accompanied by a translation and by notes on the grammar. The book is aimed at all who would like to be able to read Latin epitaphs in churches, and whose knowledge of the language may be sketchy. The introduction explains the conventions involved in lettering, abbreviations, Latinized personal names, and stock phrases. It is followed by a very brief Latin grammar and notes on Roman numerals and dates. At the back of the book there is a word list containing all those words found in the inscriptions with numbered references, plus a selection of words which are commonly found in inscriptions generally, though not in those printed here. By combining these resources in one book, the author equips the reader with the tools to tackle other epitaphs beyond the pages of this book and further afield. Every attempt is made to help the reader understand the context in which each inscription was composed. For instance it is stressed that the composers of such epitaphs were skilled Latin scholars, and that there are very few errors to be seen. Errors attributable to the stonemasons or sign-writers are noted and corrected.

Transform your down time into 'do time'. The most successful language learners create a habit of studying on a regular basis. 50 Italian Coffee Breaks makes it easy to master a simple routine of improving your Italian by effortlessly integrating it with your calming daily ritual - from a 5-minute espresso to a 15-minute latte. Organised by 5, 10 and 15 minutes, these 50 varied and lively activities - from anagrams and idiom challenges to recipes and quotations - are created for high-beginner to intermediate adult and young-adult learners and designed to keep you motivated while building your skills in key areas. * Reading comprehension * Writing skills * Grammar confidence * Translation abilities * Vocabulary expansion * Cultural awareness By practising Italian in a fun and relaxed way in the time you have, you will stay on track to achieve your language-learning aspirations. So, pick up your preferred brew and this practical book, and make learning the most pleasant and productive part of your busy day. For 15 years Coffee Break Languages has helped make it possible for millions of people to learn a language in a way that fits into their everyday life: whether that's while walking the dog, at the gym, or on their coffee break! Teach Yourself has collaborated with Coffee Break Languages to bring their brilliant method to a wider audience by producing their first-ever printed product. All the activities are written by long-time teachers of the language in Coffee Break's characteristically friendly and conversational style. It's the perfect complement to your studies. The activities are levelled for high-beginner to low-intermediate learners: CEFR A2-B1 and ACTFL Intermediate-low/mid

This book does not include any audio files. If you are learning independently (and not in the classroom, with teacher support) we recommend you purchase the book and CD bundle instead, ISBN 9781406680188. This book-only product is aimed at learners in a course setting, where the teacher uses audio files as part of the lesson. Talk Greek (Book) has already inspired thousands of people to learn Greek from scratch - whether you're learning for business, travel or just for fun, its straightforward, step-by-step approach will ensure you're soon able to speak Greek in a range of everyday situations. With specially designed activities and clear, jargon-free grammar explanations you'll quickly develop your language skills and make genuine progress right from the start. * Make real progress using the successful, proven Talk method. * Develop your language skills with tips and strategies to help you learn. * Practise and learn with interactive activities to support every topic. Also available: Talk Greek Pack (includes this book and 2 x 60-minute CDs) ISBN 9781406680188. Other languages in the series: Arabic, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish. www.bbcactivelanguages.com