In volume 29 of Advances in Taxation, editor John Hasseldine includes studies from expert contributors exploring topics such as: implicit taxes in imperfect markets; repatriation of indefinitely reinvested earnings; tax compliance in multiple countries; innocent spouse tax relief decisions; and the pedagogical benefits of position paper assignments in tax education. Reporting peer-reviewed research contributions from North America, Africa, and Asia, Advances in Taxation is essential reading for those looking to keep abreast of the most recent research, including empirical studies using a variety of research methods from different institutional settings and contexts.

This collection of 20 essays examines the merits of land-value taxation and distinguishes it from the conventional property tax because it has a more benign economic influence. It includes four essays by William S. Vickrey, the 1996 Nobel laureate in economics.

In the latest volume of Advances in Taxation, series editor John Hasseldine presents studies from expert contributors exploring topics such as: corporate tax planning, tax-related accounting misstatements and uncertain tax positions, financial statement readability, the tax effects of a major pension scheme change, and non-professional investor and taxpayer judgments and perceptions. Reporting peer-reviewed research contributions from North America and the U.K., this volume is essential reading for those looking to keep abreast of the most recent research, including empirical studies using a variety of research methods from different institutional settings and contexts.

Rome's wars delivered great wealth to the conquerors, but how did this affect politics and society on the home front? In Power and Public Finance at Rome, James Tan offers the first examination of the Roman Republic from the perspective of fiscal sociology and makes the case that no understanding of Roman history is complete without an appreciation of the role of economics in defining political interactions. Examining how imperial profits were distributed, Tan explores how imperial riches turned Roman public life on its head. Rome's lofty aristocrats had traditionally been constrained by their dependence on taxpayer money. They relied on the state to fund wars, and the state in turn relied on citizens' taxes to fuel the war machine. This fiscal chain bound the elite to taxpayer consent, but as the spoils of Empire flooded into Rome, leaders found that they could fund any policy they chose without relying on the support of the citizens who funded them. The influx of wealth meant that taxation at home was ended and citizens promptly lost what bargaining power they had enjoyed as a result of the state's reliance on their fiscal contributions. With their dependence on the taxpayers loosened, Rome's aristocratic leaders were free to craft a fiscal system which prioritized the enrichment of their own private estates and which devoted precious few resources to the provision of public goods. In six chapters on the nature of Rome's imperialist enrichment, on politics during the Punic Wars and on the all-important tribunates of the Gracchi, Tan offers new conceptions of Roman state creation, fiscal history, civic participation, aristocratic pre-eminence, and the eventual transition to autocracy.

Business decision-makers need to think bottom line--and that means after taxes.

Drawing upon more than fifty years of professional experience between them, authors and tax experts John Karayan and Charles Swenson deftly show managers how to get to the bottom line without getting bogged down in the details of taxes.

Strategic Business Tax Planning, Second Edition is the definitive handbook on business tax planning, skipping the unnecessary and minute taxation details and focusing instead on the big picture in taxes. Organized around business processes, this reader-friendly guide shows you how to optimally put tax management principles to work in your business.

Appropriate for undergraduate finance students as well as professionals, this Second Edition is updated to include the newest federal tax acts as well as a host of key cases and administrative pronouncements.

ESPERA was initiated in 2013 by the National Institute for Economic Research "Costin C. Kiritescu", Romanian Academy. The aim of the International conference is to present and evaluate the economic scientific research portfolio, to argue and substantiate development strategies, including European and global best practices. ESPERA intend to become a scientific support for conceptualisation and establishment of policies and strategies and to provide a systematic, wide and challenging dialogue within the European area of economic and social research. The 2018 edition of the Conference took place under the title "The Romanian Economy. A Century of Transformation (1918-2018)", as part of the Romanian Academy anniversary events celebrating the "100th anniversary of the Great Union of Romania".

In the latest volume of Advances in Taxation, editor John Hasseldine includes studies from expert contributors to explore topics such as earnings repatriation elections, corporates' uncertain tax positions reported on Schedule UTP, tax audits, voluntary and enforced tax compliance, and tax evasion. Reporting peer-reviewed research contributions from North America and also including international studies from Indonesia, Bangladesh and South Africa, this volume is essential reading for those looking to keep abreast of the most recent research. The empirical research published by the authors of this volume include archival, survey, and experimental methods that have been applied to challenges facing tax systems around the globe. These challenges affect tax administrators, large corporates, and small and medium-sized enterprises. The studies contained in this volume will be influential and help direct future research around the globe.

El pago de impuestos y el cumplimiento de las obligaciones fiscales por parte de los contribuyentes representan un reto muy importante para stos y en general para los negocios. En M xico como en otras parte del orbe se crean a o, con a o, bastantes modificaciones a diferentes Leyes Fiscales, por medio de las cuales el Estado busca generar los ingresos que le ayuden a solventar el gasto p blico, sin embargo, los contribuyentes se sienten agobiados por la carga fiscal, pero sobre todo en la forma de cumplir con dicha carga. Mientras los impuestos no desaparezcan, el consultor fiscal, sabedor de estos problemas, puede resolverlos si se especializa y aporta sus conocimientos para tal fin, pero sobre todo ayuda en una forma preventiva y arm nica, a que los contribuyentes puedan crecer de acuerdo a sus metas y objetivos, y la materia fiscal no debe entorpecer dicho crecimiento, por el contrario, debe de ser un instrumento de desarrollo.

When taxes are introduced on carbon and energy, and the revenue is used to reduce other taxes, will a positive effect be achieved both for the environment and for the economy? In 1990 Finland was the first country to introduce a tax on CO2. Later, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Slovenia, Germany and the UK followed suit with tax reforms that shifted taxation from labour to carbon and energy. Over the years, CO {2} and energy taxes have gradually been raised, so that in Europe taxes of more than 25 billion Euros a year have been shifted.
This book examines carbon-energy taxation in detail and looks at tax shifting programmes for lowering other taxes. It offers extensive analysis on the basis of historical data and seeks to answer important questions for policy-making, such as: What was the impact of tax shifting for economic performance and competitiveness? By how much were emissions of CO {2} reduced? Could energy-intensive industries cut further down on their fuel demand or did they loose market shares? To what extent was there "leakage" from Europe, so that production and CO {2} emissions were shifted to other countries or regions without CO {2} -abatement policy? The use of unique and original data, including sector-specific energy prices and taxes, as well as the use of advanced statistical techniques, such as co-integration analysis and panel-regression techniques along with the time-series estimated macro-economic model E3ME, make this a truly comprehensive volume.
On the basis of the lessons learned in Europe, this volume indicates how carbon-energy taxation could usefully be combined with emissions trading, and discusses implications for future international climate policy, including how the IPCC recommendations for a gradual escalation in carbon price could be accomplished while preventing carbon leakage.

Beginning in the 1860s, the Russian Empire replaced a poll tax system that originated with Peter the Great with a modern system of income and excise taxes. Russia began a transformation of state fiscal power that was also underway across Western Europe and North America. States of Obligation is the first sustained study of the Russian taxation system, the first to study its European and transatlantic context, and the first to expose the essential continuities between the fiscal practices of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union.

Using a wealth of materials from provincial and local archives across Russia, Yanni Kotsonis examines how taxation was simultaneously a revenue-raising and a state-building tool, a claim on the person and a way to produce a new kind of citizenship. During successive political, wartime, and revolutionary crises between 1855 and 1928, state fiscal power was used to forge social and financial unity and fairness and a direct relationship with individual Russians. State power eventually overwhelmed both the private sector economy and the fragile realm of personal privacy. States of Obligation is at once a study in Russian economic history and a reflection on the modern state and the modern citizen.

Praise for "Business Valuation and Federal Taxes Procedure, Law, and Perspective" Second Edition

"The Honorable David Laro and Dr. Shannon Pratt present a comprehensive primer on federal tax valuation controversies that will benefit both tax practitioners (attorneys and CPAs) and valuation practitioners. . . . It serves as a valued reference source and an introductory text for legal and valuation training."
--Roger J. Grabowski, Duff & Phelps Corp. from the Foreword

" I]t is refreshing to see these two close observers of valuation issues collaborate on this intriguing volume. What the reader gets is something like a mural--depicting the life of a business appraisal from conception to preparation to the occasional ultimate use by a trier of fact."
--Ronald D. Aucutt, Esq.McGuireWoods LLP, from the Foreword

"This offering from Judge David Laro and Dr. Shannon Pratt fills in some persistent gaps in the business valuation literature, as well as a surprisingly fresh treatment of perennial themes."
--John A. Bogdanski, Professor of LawLewis & Clark Law School, from the Foreword

Straightforward guidance and perspective on business valuation from two of the nation's top authorities

Written by Senior Judge David Laro and Shannon Pratt, both leading experts on the subject, "Business Valuation and Federal Taxes," Second Edition provides a comprehensive overview of business valuation procedures.

The new edition offers:

Insightful perspectives of personal versus enterprise goodwill

New materials on transfer pricing and customs valuations and how recent markets have affected both the income and market approaches

Timely coverage of FAS 157 and its many changes to penalties and sanctions affecting both taxpayers and appraisers

Exploration of new court cases

Presenting knowledge and guidance to those who perform valuations as well as those who are affected by them, "Business Valuation and Federal Taxes," Second Edition is the essential guide to federal taxes and valuation, and specifically valuations relating to business interests.

Multinational corporations face different tax systems in different countries that require careful tax planning. A systematic approach is needed to minimize and avoid unnecessary business taxes. Some core issues of international taxation are part of a successful corporate tax plan in an international context. The first issue is a good understanding and appreciation of the principles of international taxation that include the different philosophies of taxation, the different kinds of taxes, the different tax systems, the different tax treaties and potential tax havens. The second issue is a thorough understanding of U.S. taxation of foreign income to avoid double taxation and the computation of foreign tax credits. The third issue is the choice of a transfer pricing method and the compliance with tax regulations on both the transfer of tangible and intangible assets. The fourth issue is the intelligent use of tax vehicles for exporting which can generate substantial savings and reduce the effective tax rate and involve the choice between the interest-charge domestic international sales corporation and the foreign sales corporation. A final issue is the efficient use of value-added taxation for activities taking place outside the U.S., and a new appreciation of the potential of this form of taxation for the United States. Practicing accountants, academics, business executives, students, legislators, and others who want a better understanding of the complex issues of international taxation will be interested in this book.

The US tax and reporting rules applicable to foreign trusts - principally embodied as Subchapter J of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended - are notoriously complex. Now, with this volume, anyone who has to deal with these rules can find their use and meaning clearly explained, and proceed confidently to the best outcome in any situation where they apply. This guide covers all the following topics in detail: regular nongrantor (or accumulation) trusts of both the "simple" variety and the "complex" type with its challenging "throwback" rules and interest charge on accumulation distributions; the circumstances under which certain foreign trusts, such as section 672(f) (barring the application of the normal grantor trust rules to certain foreign trusts), section 643(h) (relating to distributions by certain foreign trusts through nominees), and section 643(i) (relating to loans from foreign trusts); reporting and penalty provisions and the accompanying IRS forms; and special issues, such as those surrounding incoming immigrants and outgoing expatriates. The book provides modified versions of the principal IRS forms (3520, 3520-A, 4970, 1040NR, and 1041) that are commonly filed for foreign trusts. These modifications, which scrupulously follow all applicable IRS rules, are much easier to use than the actual forms for the purpose of foreign trusts. Numerous examples throughout the book clarify the valid procedures and alternatives available at every point, a feature particularly useful in applying provisions that still await settled regulation and case law. Compliance issues that may arise on IRS audit are also examined. Professionals and advisors in law, tax, accounting, banking, and securities; settlers and beneficiaries; and students and academics both within and outside the United States should find this an informative and useful volume.