Updating two previous National Research Council publications, Nutrient Requirements of Sheep, Sixth Revised Edition, 1985, and Nutrient Requirements of Goats, First Edition, 1981, this new book provides an evaluation of the scientific literature on the nutrient requirements of small ruminants in all stages of life. In addition, effects of the environment, feed additives, and metabolism modifiers on nutrient requirements are addressed. Proper formulation of diets for small ruminants depends on adequate knowledge of their nutrient requirements. These requirements depend on the breed and age of the animal and whether he or she is exercising, pregnant, or lactating. Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants brings together a summary of this latest data with new and expanded information on the composition of feeds commonly consumed by small ruminants, both domestic and wild. For the first time this authoritative reference work includes information on cervids and camelids. Primarily intended for animal nutritionists, veterinarians, and other scientists, some sections will be useful to individual sheep and goat owners and managers and to those responsible for the care and management of wildlife species. As both a practical and a technical reference book, this material is written to ensure that diets of small ruminants contain adequate amounts of nutrients and that intakes of certain nutrients are not so excessive that they inhibit performance or impair health.

Animals are biological transformers of dietary matter and energy to produce high-quality foods and wools for human consumption and use. Mammals, birds, fish, and shrimp require nutrients to survive, grow, develop, and reproduce. As an interesting, dynamic, and challenging discipline in biological sciences, animal nutrition spans an immense range from chemistry, biochemistry, anatomy and physiology to reproduction, immunology, pathology, and cell biology. Thus, nutrition is a foundational subject in livestock, poultry and fish production, as well as the rearing and health of companion animals. This book entitled Principles of Animal Nutrition consists of 13 chapters. Recent advances in biochemistry, physiology and anatomy provide the foundation to understand how nutrients are utilized by ruminants and non-ruminants. The text begins with an overview of the physiological and biochemical bases of animal nutrition, followed by a detailed description of chemical properties of carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and amino acids. It advances to the coverage of the digestion, absorption, transport, and metabolism of macronutrients, energy, vitamins, and minerals in animals. To integrate the basic knowledge of nutrition with practical animal feeding, the book continues with discussion on nutritional requirements of animals for maintenance and production, as well as the regulation of food intake by animals. Finally, the book closes with feed additives, including those used to enhance animal growth and survival, improve feed efficiency for protein production, and replace feed antibiotics. While the classical and modern concepts of animal nutrition are emphasized throughout the book, every effort has been made to include the most recent progress in this ever-expanding field, so that readers in various biological disciplines can integrate biochemistry and physiology with nutrition, health, and disease in mammals, birds, and other animal species (e.g., fish and shrimp). All chapters clearly provide the essential literature related to the principles of animal nutrition, which should be useful for academic researchers, practitioners, beginners, and government policy makers. This book is an excellent reference for professionals and a comprehensive textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate students in animal science, biochemistry, biomedicine, biology, food science, nutrition, veterinary medicine, and related fields.

Proper formulation of diets for horses depends on adequate knowledge of their nutrient requirements. These requirements depend on the breed and age of the horse and whether it is exercising, pregnant, or lactating. A great deal of new information has been accumulated since the publication 17 years ago of the last edition of Nutrient Requirements of Horses. This new edition features a detailed review of scientific literature, summarizing all the latest information, and provides a new set of requirements based on revised data. Also included is updated information on the composition of feeds, feed additives, and other compounds routinely fed to horses. The effects of physiological factors, such as exercise, and environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity, are covered, as well. Nutrient Requirements of Horses also contains information on several nutritional and metabolic diseases that horses often have. Designed primarily as a reference, both practical and technical, Nutrient Requirements of Horses is intended to ensure that the diets of horses and other equids contain adequate amounts of nutrients and that the intakes of certain nutrients are not so excessive that they inhibit performance or impair health. This book is primarily intended for animal nutritionists, veterinarians, and other scientists; however, individual horse owners and managers will also find some of this material useful. Professors who teach graduate courses in animal nutrition will find Nutrient Requirements of Horses beneficial as a textbook. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Energy 2 Carbohydrates 3 Fats and Fatty Acids 4 Proteins and Amino Acids 5 Minerals 6 Vitamins 7 Water and Water Quality 8 Feeds and Feed Processing 9 Feed Additives 10 Feed Analysis 11 Feeding Behavior and General Considerations for Feeding Management 12 Unique Aspects of Equine Nutrition 13 Donkeys and Other Equids 14 Ration Formulation and Evaluation 15 Computer Model to Estimate Requirements 16 Nutrient Requirements, Feedstuff Composition, and Other Tables Appendix A: Committee Statement of Task Appendix B: Abbreviations and Acronyms Appendix C: Committee Member Biographies Appendix D: Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications Index

If you are studying horse nutrition at an introductory level, then this is the ideal book for you. It covers the current syllabuses set out by equine science and management courses, and is particularly suitable for those who lack background knowledge in science.

Nutrition has long been recognised as a vital part of horse care. It is important for optimal horse health, reproduction, sustained performance and general well being. This book is invaluable for horse owners, trainers and breeders.

Features: Student friendly, with key summary points at the end of each chapter and lots of helpful tables and images.Covers the fundamentals of horse nutrition including daily nutrient requirements (using the latest National Research Council data).Information on nutraceuticals and the nutritional management of health-related problems, such as Equine Metabolic Syndrome, Laminitis and PPID (Cushing's syndrome).

Updating recommendations last made by the National Research Council in the mid-1980s, this report provides nutrient recommendations based on physical activity and stage in life, major factors that influence nutrient needs. It looks at how nutrients are metabolized in the bodies of dogs and cats, indications of nutrient deficiency, and diseases related to poor nutrition. The report provides a valuable resource for industry professionals formulating diets, scientists setting research agendas, government officials developing regulations for pet food labeling, and as a university textbook for dog and cat nutrition. It can also guide pet owners feeding decisions for their pets with information on specific nutrient needs, characteristics of different types of pet foods, and factors to consider when feeding cats and dogs. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary

The global drive towards sustainability and improved animal health means there is a greater need for development of novel functional ingredients for the feed industry. As the requirements for protein for livestock feed and human consumption grows, the use of insect products as animal feed has gained increasing attention. Covering global production systems of insect protein, oil and chitin, as well as co-products from this industry, this book: - Considers in-depth nutritional and safety aspects of insects for feed. - Reviews suitability of insects as feed for different animal species and life stages. - Examines current knowledge of the value of insect-rearing residues as biofertilizers for crop health. - Identifies the challenges related to regulation, legislation, consumer perception and acceptance, and commercialization of insects. - Provides interviews with established and early-stage innovative companies producing insect protein for feed. Including a focus on practices such as waste valorization, this book takes a holistic look at how insects could contribute to the sustainability of livestock production on a global scale. Providing an up-to-date reference for research scientists, nutritionists, and veterinarians, as well as prospective insect farmers, it will also be of interest to those with a broader curiosity towards climate change, sustainability, and the circular economy.

Since the first edition of Equine Nutrition and Feeding was published in 1986, it has become the seminal work on the subject. It covers all the key topics that you need to know for your equine nutrition degree course. This comprehensive and clearly evidenced textbook covers how food is digested and nutrients are used in growing, working and breeding horses. It also explains the scientific basis for calculating nutrient and dietary requirements in an understandable manner, and shows you how to do these calculations. Special attention is also given to grassland and pasture, and to housing and diet-related diseases. Additional, student-friendly features include: * References to the most up-to-date information, including "Nutrient Requirements of Horses," from the National Research Council (2007). * Case histories to provide practical examples. * Study questions at the end of each chapter to help you to revise. * A comprehensive glossary of terms and abbreviations. Changes to this fourth edition: * Evidence base has been expanded, with 646 new research reports and papers being incorporated. * Extensively revised to make navigation easier. * A new section is dedicated to the weaning and growth of the foal. This book is the essential text for any undergraduate and postgraduate student of equine nutrition, equine veterinary medicine, equine veterinary nursing or agricultural science. It is also used by equine nutritionists and horse owners.

Bringing together international expertise in rabbit production, topics covered in this fully updated volume include digestive physiology, feed formulation and product quality, as well as feeding strategies, feed processing, feed management around weaning and the relationship between nutrition and intestinal health. Brand new to this edition, the chapters also discuss the development of immune response and the role of intestinal microbiota, new dietary sources and additives, and feeding behaviour in pasture and organic feeding. A valuable resource for researchers and students of animal nutrition and production, this book provides a comprehensive, research-based review of nutrition for these important animals.

From alpha-galactosidases to xylanases, Enzymes in Farm Animal Nutrition provides a comprehensive guide to all aspects associated with enzyme-supplemented animal feeds. It details the history and size of the feed enzyme market, before describing how feed enzymes are manufactured and employed in monogastric, aqua and ruminant diets. This new edition explores considerable advances such as the use of enzymes in fish and shrimp diets, new understanding of how phytases function in the animal, NSPase research and enzymes' extended use in ruminant markets. This book also: - Provides comprehensive coverage of all topics relating to the production, use, co-operativity and analysis of feed enzymes. - Is fully updated throughout, revealing significant developments such as new methods to deliver enzymes (formulations, encapsulations, and liquid spray systems) and advances in enzyme analysis. - Includes brand new chapters on combinations of enzymes, antibiotic-free diets and how to measure response in feed-enzyme trials. Covering biochemistry, enzymology and characteristics relevant to animal feed use, this book forms a valuable resource for academics and students of animal nutrition and production, as well as professionals in the animal feed industry.

Nutrition is the key driver of animal health, welfare and production. In agriculture, nutrition is crucial to meet increasing global demands for animal protein and consumers' demands for cheaper meat, milk and eggs and higher standards of animal welfare. For companion animals, good nutrition is essential for quality and length of life. Animal Nutrition examines the science behind the nutrition and feeding of the major domesticated animal species: sheep, beef cattle, dairy cattle, deer, goats, pigs, poultry, alpacas, horses, dogs and cats. It includes introductory chapters on digestion and feeding standards, followed by chapters on each animal containing information on digestive anatomy and physiology, evidence-based nutrition and feeding requirements and common nutritional and metabolic diseases. Clear diagrams, tables and breakout sections make this text readily understandable, and it will be of value to tertiary students of animal nutrition and to practicing veterinarians, livestock consultants, producers and nutritionists.

The immunologist and bestselling author Attilio Speciani dispels the cliches about so-called 'food intolerances' and guides the reader to a healthy and better relationship with food. Colitis, migraines, hormonal changes, arthritis, autoimmune diseases, imbalances of metabolism and many other disorders, from the most common to the most severe, are often related to diet. There is a close relationship between food and health, and when the natural and physiological relationship with food changes, due to food excesses or the repeated introduction of food, the organism generates measurable inflammatory signals that induce and maintain many conditions or diseases

Pork is one of the world s most widely consumed meats, with the pig industry undergoing recent rapid expansion across Asia and Latin America. This textbook covers more than 100 of the most common pig diseases. With each presented as a case study, the book uses a question and answer format to enable students to recognize the key features of each disease, identify the problem and suggest a course of action. Fully illustrated throughout with color photos, this is an invaluable learning tool for veterinary, animal science and agricultural students, as well as a useful resource for veterinarians.* Full color throughout this is relevant to all the major pig producing countries worldwide. It is particularly aimed at the expanding Asian pig health technical market, where training books are urgently required* This Q & A handbook covers around 100 cases of the world s most common pig diseases, with each disease clearly presented as a quick look-up clinical case presentation

Selenium (Se) is an essential dietary trace element participating in the regulation of various physiological functions in both animals and humans through its incorporation into selenoproteins as the amino acid selenocysteine. Among many minerals Se has a special place being the most controversial trace element with a narrow gap between essentiality and toxicity. Indeed there are important environmental issues considering selenium as a pollutant from the one hand and global selenium deficiency on the other. In fact, Se deficiency is considered as a risk factor for the development of various diseases in human and animals. Decreased Se availability from soils as a result of low soil pH and usage of synthetic fertilizers is the major concern in European countries causing inadequate Se levels in food and feeds.Furthermore, it seems likely that sodium selenite used for the last 30 years as a feed supplement is not an optimal form of Se and the usage of organic selenium in animal diets could help to maintain optimal Se status as well as high immunocompetence, productive and reproductive performance. The aim of the present volume is to provide updated information on several important Se-related subjects, including Se status in Europe and ways of its improvement, advances in Se analysis and speciation in biological material, roles of selenium in poultry, pig and ruminant nutrition. In this title, production of functional Se-enriched food, the relationship between selenium and mycotoxins, polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as reoviruses are also addressed. This collection of articles will provide nutritionists, veterinarians, human doctors, researchers and any other readers with new insights into the exciting world of the goddess of the moon - Selenium.

This new release presents the wealth of information gleaned about nonhuman primates nutrition since the previous edition was published in 1978. With expanded coverage of natural dietary habits, gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology, and the nutrient needs of species that have been difficult to maintain in captivity, it explores the impact on nutrition of physiological and life-stage considerations: infancy, weaning, immune function, obesity, aging, and more. The committee also discusses issues of environmental enrichment such as opportunities for foraging. Based on the world's scientific literature and input from authoritative sources, the book provides best estimates of nutrient requirements. The volume covers requirements for energy: carbohydrates, including the role of dietary fiber; proteins and amino acids; fats and fatty acids; minerals, fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins; and water. The book also analyzes the composition of important foods and feed ingredients and offers guidelines on feed processing and diet formulation. Table of Contents Front Matter Overview 1 Feeding Ecology, Digestive Strategies, and Implications for Feeding Programs in Captivity 2 Energy 3 Carbohydrates and Fiber 4 Protein 5 Fats and Fatty Acids 6 Minerals 7 Vitamins 8 Water 9 Pathophysiologic and Life-Stage Considerations 10 Diet Formulation, Effects of Processing, Factors Affecting Intake, and Dietary Husbandry 11 Nutrient Requirements 12 Composition of Foods and Feed Ingredients 13 Food as a Component of Environmental Enhancement Appendix About the Authors Index

Harvested Forages deals with the subject of food for domestic animal feeding. Such food is called "forage" and includes things like alfalfa and other plants usually referred to as "hay." Topics include the ways that this forage is produced, how it is harvested, and ways that it should be stored. Other issues that are dealt with include various criteria and measurement procedures for assessing forage nutritive quality, potential health hazards associated with particular plants and plant toxins, and various issues of plant growth, pest control, and soil fertility--among other topics. This book is essential for any institution with a strong program in range sciences, animal sciences, animal feeding and nutrition, and related programs.
Key Features
* Synthesizes and summarizes a vast and widely dispersed literature in animal science
* Serves as a reference for managers of harvested forages as well as all those involved with the forage production industry

Post-pelleting addition of heat sensitive additives is a way to avoid damage to additives. It also contributes to the reduction of carry-over and cross contamination. The use of liquid additives in a post-pelleting application (PPA) may be an alternative technological solution whereby an even dosing of an additive into animal feed can be provided together with a virtually 100 per cent recovery of the additive. This will ultimately benefit the food manufacturer since it will provide more flexibility in terms of the demand for special custom-build feeds. The implementation of liquid additive systems gives rise to a number of requirements for both feed and equipment. This booklet presents a compilation of the literature associated with the use of liquid additives. It can be used as a ready reference by process engineers, nutritionists, researchers and students.

The fifth edition of this important book reviews recent advances in livestock mineral nutrition, updated throughout with new references that reflect the growing complexity of mineral metabolism. Major related themes covered include the assessment of the 'mineral value' of feeds, the false hopes placed on organic mineral supplements and limiting the 'mineral footprint' of livestock production to lower environmental pollution. Also discussed are new developments and concepts including: Salt tolerance and optimizing production in salt-rich environments. Use of phytase rather than phosphate supplements in pig and poultry rations. Demineralization of the skeleton during confinement. Recognition of sub-acute, clinical hypocalcaemia as a disorder in dairy cows. The assay of 'free' plasma B12 to assess cobalt status of cattle. Limitations of cell culture and ligated loop techniques for assessing bioavailability. Following a clear and easy to reference structure, the book also considers potential pitfalls, such as misleading estimates of mineral requirements for growth, and misinterpretation of genomic markers for mineral requirements and bioavailability of supplements. An essential resource for researchers and students in animal nutrition, agriculture and veterinary medicine, this book also forms a useful reference for veterinary practitioners and those concerned with human nutrition and environmental protection.

Growing numbers of pet owners are giving their pets dietary supplements in hopes of supporting their health. Many people presume that supplements are safer than drugs, but the reality is that there are very limited safety data on dietary supplements for pets. Many challenges stand in the way of determining whether animal dietary supplements are safe and at what dosage. Supplements considered safe in humans and other species are not always safe in horses, dogs, and cats. An improved adverse event reporting system is badly needed. Also, the absence of laws and regulations that specifically address animal dietary supplements causes considerable confusion to the industry and to the public. Clear and precise regulations are needed to allow only safe dietary supplements on the market. This book examines issues in determining safety of animal dietary supplements in general, and the safety of three animal dietary supplements; lutein, evening primrose oil, and garlic, in particular. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary

The global drive towards sustainability and improved animal health means there is a greater need for development of novel functional ingredients for the feed industry. As the requirements for protein for livestock feed and human consumption grows, the use of insect products as animal feed has gained increasing attention. Covering global production systems of insect protein, oil and chitin, as well as co-products from this industry, this book: - Considers in-depth nutritional and safety aspects of insects for feed. - Reviews suitability of insects as feed for different animal species and life stages. - Examines current knowledge of the value of insect-rearing residues as biofertilizers for crop health. - Identifies the challenges related to regulation, legislation, consumer perception and acceptance, and commercialization of insects. - Provides interviews with established and early-stage innovative companies producing insect protein for feed. Including a focus on practices such as waste valorization, this book takes a holistic look at how insects could contribute to the sustainability of livestock production on a global scale. Providing an up-to-date reference for research scientists, nutritionists, and veterinarians, as well as prospective insect farmers, it will also be of interest to those with a broader curiosity towards climate change, sustainability, and the circular economy.

Today, due to the high population of human beings, scientists are increasingly concerned with food shortages and searching for alternative sources of dietary protein, such as algae, insects, and worms. Spirulina represents a superior alternative source, as it has a high nutrient content without toxicity, and can be reared in many countries worldwide. Given the limited amount of studies on the advantages and disadvantages of using Spirulina in birds' diets, this book fills an important research gap. It highlights the nutritional aspects of using Spirulina in poultry diets, and will appeal to animal husbandry and veterinary students, professors, feed formulators, poultry production consultants and farmers.