Taxation in Latin America is largely viewed as a means of
generating income to keep the government in business. In recent
years, progress has been made towards increasing total revenue, but
most countries in the region still lag well behind other countries
with similar levels of development. More importantly, Latin
American policymakers still largely ignore the potential of
taxation to contribute to other important development goals. Yet
dependence on consumption taxes such as the VAT and the regressive
bent of the personal income tax structure have squandered the
opportunity to attack the region's serious income inequality. In
addition, the importance of efficiency in taxation has also been
underestimated with a proliferation of inefficient ad hoc taxes
such as those on bank transactions and exports. Governments have
repeatedly missed the chance to influence consumption and
production patterns by using taxes to effect relative price
changes. More than Revenue aims to provide an up-to-date overview
of the current state of taxation in the Latin America and Caribbean
(LAC) region, its main reform needs, and possible reform strategies
that take into account the likely economic, institutional, and
political constraints on the reform process.
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