This work refines the notion of metonymy and the underlying notion
of conceptual contiguity by describing a fundamental structural
property of metonymy. Studied since antiquity, metonymy is a
ubiquitous mechanism of meaning construction in context that
involves a linguistically coded source concept that directs
attention to a situationally relevant target concept. Modelling
metonymic contiguity by means of recursive attribute-value
structures, inspired by findings from cognitive psychology,
suggests that the metonymic relation depends largely on the
functionality of the source with respect to the target. Based on
this structural property, several patterns can be identified as
potential bases for metonymic shifts. How these shifts are coded on
the linguistic surface varies depending on whether the focus within
the relevant frame is more on the source (metonymy closer to
literal use) or more on the target (metonymy closer to word
formation). Furthermore, decomposing the contiguity relation into
functional relations hints at a potential conceptual distance
between the source and target. This approach contributes to
understanding the boundaries and possibilities of metonymy.
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