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Moderation Dilemma, The - Legislative Coalitions and the Politics of Family and Medical Leave (Paperback)
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Moderation Dilemma, The - Legislative Coalitions and the Politics of Family and Medical Leave (Paperback)
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The effort to legislate family and medical leave policies in the
United States illustrates a dilemma at the heart of the American
political process. Faced with strong opposition from business
lobbies, proponents of leaves in the late 1980s and early 1990s had
to balance their desire to pass the policy they wanted against the
desire to pass a policy at all.
In this lucid and timely book, Anya Bernstein analyzes how this
"moderation dilemma" played out at the federal level and in four
states. In so doing, she develops a new model of policy innovation
based on the debate between the ideologically committed who want
all or nothing (and often get nothing) and compromisers who will
settle for less (and often get a lot less). Hers is a unique
perspective on one of the few major policy innovations of the
1990s, and on the contentious issue of the role of the state in
American family life.
Based on interviews with activists, legislators, staff members, and
observers, "The Moderation Dilemma" uncovers the process by which
advocates for family and medical leave determined what they would
propose, chose their strategies, lobbied, and bargained. Bernstein
found that groups were successful when they had access to
substantial resources, were willing to frame their proposals in
culturally appropriate ways, and "fit" their strategies to the
political context. In the case of family and medical leave, this
meant co-opting the tactics of the new right and framing family
leave as family values, as well as making significant compromises.
But not all groups were willing to make these compromises. The fact
that the laws mandating family and medical leaves cover barely half
the population, and are unpaid, raises questions about the costs
and benefits of moderation.
Bernstein also takes a fresh look at women's movement groups in the
1990s. She compares those who have learned to work within the
political system (insiders) with those that still focus on
challenging it (outsiders). The women's groups that led the fight
to pass family and medical leave had to rethink their goals as
supporters both of equality for women and of accommodation for
women's role as mothers. "The Moderation Dilemma" examines that
transition and its debates, as well as the implications for the
women's movement as a whole.
Students and professionals in political science, sociology, and
organizational theory will want to read "The Moderation Dilemma,"
as will anyone concerned with the behavior of interest groups and
social movements.
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