Although scholars have long assumed that early Chinese political
authority was rooted in Confucianism, rulership in the medieval
period was not bound by a single dominant tradition. To acquire
power, emperors deployed objects and figures derived from a range
of traditions imbued with religious and political significance.
Author April D. Hughes demonstrates how dynastic founders like Wu
Zhao (Wu Zetian, r. 690–705), the only woman to rule China under
her own name, and Yang Jian (Emperor Wen, r. 581–604), the first
ruler of the Sui dynasty, closely identified with Buddhist worldly
saviors and Wheel-Turning Kings to legitimate their rule. During
periods of upheaval caused by the decline of the Dharma, worldly
saviors arrived on earth to quell chaos and to rule and liberate
their subjects simultaneously. By incorporating these figures into
the imperial system, sovereigns were able to depict themselves both
as monarchs and as buddhas or bodhisattvas in uncertain times. In
this inventive and original work, Hughes traces worldly
saviors—in particular Maitreya Buddha and Prince Moonlight—as
they appeared in apocalyptic scriptures from Dunhuang, claims to
the throne made by various rebel leaders, and textual
interpretations and assertions by Yang Jian and Wu Zhao. Yang Jian
associated himself with Prince Moonlight and took on the persona of
a Wheel-Turning King whose offerings to the Buddha were not flowers
and incense but weapons of war to reunite a long-fragmented empire
and revitalize the Dharma. Wu Zhao was associated with several
different worldly savior figures. In addition, she saw herself as
the incarnation of a Wheel-Turning King for whom it was said the
Seven Treasures manifested as material representations of his right
to rule. Wu Zhao duly had the Seven Treasures created and put on
display whenever she held audiences at court. The worldly savior
figure allowed rulers to inhabit the highest role in the religious
realm along with the supreme role in the political sphere. This
incorporation transformed notions of Chinese imperial sovereignty,
and associating rulers with a buddha or bodhisattva continued long
after the close of the medieval period.
General
Imprint: |
University of Hawaii Press
|
Country of origin: |
United States |
Release date: |
June 2023 |
Authors: |
April D Hughes
|
Dimensions: |
229 x 152mm (L x W) |
Format: |
Paperback
|
Pages: |
198 |
ISBN-13: |
978-0-8248-8869-5 |
Categories: |
Books
|
LSN: |
0-8248-8869-3 |
Barcode: |
9780824888695 |
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