St. Paul By ARTHUR DARBY NOCK Frothtngham Professor of the History
of Religion in Harvard University, Corresponding Member of the
Berlin Academy of Sciences, Foreign Member of the Royal Society of
Letters of Lund SWANDER LECTURES, 1938 HARPER BROTHERS PUBLISHERS
New York and London To WlLLARD AND MURIEL SPERRY CONTENTS CHAP PAGE
FOREWORD ...... 9 I INTRODUCTION . . . . . ri II TARSUS AND
JERUSALEM . . . .21 III DAMASCUS ..... 35 IV PAULS EARLIER
CHRISTIAN PERIOD . 82 V PAULS LATER CHRISTIAN PERIOD . .118 VI THE
TRAVEL LETTERS I. THESSALONIANS AND GALATIANS ..... 145 VII THE
TRAVEL LETTERS II. CORINTHIANS. 171 VIII THE TRAVEL LETTERS III.
ROMANS . 207 IX LETTERS OF THE CAPTIVITY . 221 X THE STYLE AND
THOUGHT OF PAUL . . 233 BIBLIOGRAPHY. . ... 249 INDEX ....... 253
FOREWORD THE life work of St. Paul has exercised a pro found
influence on more than eighteen centuries, and his writings and
thought have been subjected to the closest scrutiny by many
generations of serious workers. No individual can do justice to the
complexity of issues which are involved. If this small book makes
it easier for any readers to see St. Paul as a man and as a writer
in the con text of his times, I shall be more than content. My best
thanks are due to the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Church
in the United States at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where the sub
stance of this work was delivered on the Swander lectureship, to
its President, Dr. George W. Richards, and further to Canon J. M.
Creed, Professor C. H. Dodd, and Mr. M. P. Charlesworth for their
friendly aid, ARTHUR DARBY NOCK. HARVARD UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE,
MASSACHUSETTS. December 9, 1937. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A STUDENT
who wishes to know about St.Paul may at the beginning think that he
is in a very fortunate position. We possess from St. Pauls hand a
number of writings of undoubted authen ticity the two Epistles to
the Thessalonians the two Epistles to the Corinthians the Epistle
to the Galatians the Epistle to the Romans the Epistles to the
Philippians, the Colossians, and Philemon. The letter which is
called the Epistle to the Ephesians must be omitted, as probably of
the next generation, although the thoughts it expresses may fairly
be regarded as derived from Paul and not inconsistent with his own
thinking the so-called Pastoral Epistles that is to say the two
letters to Timothy and the letter to Titus belonging as they must
do to a subsequent period, contain nevertheless information which
may be genuine, if not fragments which may be authentic. These
letters we possess in a text which is of remarkable
trustworthiness-Naturally we have reason to suspect occasional
interpolations and the present shape of the Second Epistle to the
it ST. PAUL Corinthians is almost certainly due to the editorial
putting together of material which is all Pauline but which was
written on different occasions. Attempts have been made to show
that the text has been freely rehandled in the interest of later
presuppositions and it is easy to point to incon sistencies but
Paul does not seem to have sought consistency. For most scholars
the coherence and individuality, both of style and of ideas, and in
particular of ideas which in later times became largely
unintelligible because their setting was lost and the battle had
for Christians shifted to other fields, will be decisive against
any such supposi tions. Probability is the guide of life. We
havenot only this body of writings by Paul himself we have also in
the Acts of the Apostles a record which, if not, as tradition
asserts, written entirely by one who shared many of his travels,
does at least, almost beyond doubt, include material taken from the
diary of that fellow-traveller. This account shows at every point a
remarkable sense for concrete situations and a notable accuracy in
certain details of contemporary life which can be verified from the
documentary and archaeological remains of the ancient world...
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