From the earliest sound films to the present, American cinema has
represented African Americans as decidedly musical. "Disintegrating
the Musical" tracks and analyzes this history of musical
representations of African Americans, from blacks and whites in
blackface to black-cast musicals to jazz shorts, from sorrow songs
to show tunes to bebop and beyond.
Arthur Knight focuses on American film's classic sound era, when
Hollywood studios made eight all-black-cast musicals--a focus on
Afro-America unparalleled in any other genre. It was during this
same period that the first black film stars--Paul Robeson, Louis
Armstrong, Lena Horne, Harry Belafonte, Dorothy Dandridge--emerged,
not coincidentally, from the ranks of musical performers. That
these films made so much of the connection between African
Americans and musicality was somewhat ironic, Knight points out,
because they did so in a form (song) and a genre (the musical)
celebrating American social integration, community, and the
marriage of opposites--even as the films themselves were segregated
and played before even more strictly segregated audiences.
"Disintegrating the Musical" covers territory both
familiar--"Show Boat," "Stormy Weather," "Porgy and Bess"--and
obscure--musical films by pioneer black director Oscar Micheaux,
Lena Horne's first film "The Duke Is Tops," specialty numbers
tucked into better-known features, and lost classics like the short
"Jammin' the Blues." It considers the social and cultural contexts
from which these films arose and how African American critics and
audiences responded to them. Finally, "Disintegrating the Musical"
shows how this history connects with the present practices of
contemporary musical films like "O Brother, Where Art Thou?" and
"Bamboozled."
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