Chapters 5 and 6 of Aristotle's Categories describe his first two
categories, Substance and Quantity. It is usually taken that
Plotinus attacked Aristotle's Categories, but that Porphyry and
Iamblichus restored it to the curriculum once and for all.
Nonetheless, the introduction to this text stresses how much of the
defence of Aristotle Porphyry was able to draw out of Plotinus'
critical discussion. Simplicius' commentary is our most
comprehensive account of the debate on the validity of Aristotle's
Categories. One subject discussed by Simplicius in these chapters
is where the differentia of a species (eg the rationality of
humans) fits into the scheme of categories. Another is why
Aristotle elevates the category of Quantity to second place, above
the category of Quality. Further, de Haas shows how Simplicius
distinguishes different kinds of universal order to solve some of
the problems.
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