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The Transformation of Communist Systems - Economic Reform Since the 1950s (Paperback)
Loot Price: R1,292
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The Transformation of Communist Systems - Economic Reform Since the 1950s (Paperback)
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In the confrontation between the two main economic systems that has
marked the twentieth century, capitalism has been declared the
winner-by default- over its adversary, socialism. Today,
establishing a market economy has become the primary goal of the
formerly socialist countries. The history of economic reform helps
explain this remarkable turning point. Attempts to improve the old
centralized system by expanding enterprise autonomy (in Poland, the
Soviet Union, and East Germany) and more radical reforms that
limited the role of central planning (in Yugoslavia,
Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and China) encountered social and
political obstacles or had unexpected and undesired effects. During
the 1980s, the idea of a socialist market economy, which had been
seen as a "third way" between capitalism and centralized socialism,
was abandoned as economists gradually came to support a free market
rather than the dogma of planning. Through a comparative and
historical analysis of change in socialist and post-socialist
systems, this timely and original book clarifies the policies and
pitfalls in this extraordinary transition. Bernard Chavance
provides a succinct introduction and analysis of the politics and
economics of Eastern Europe from the creation of the Stalinist
system in the Soviet Union through what he argues have been three
major waves of reform since the 1950s to the dismantling of most
socialist governments in the 1990s. Exploring the link between the
one-party regime and the growing rigidity of socialist economic
systems, the author analyzes the failure of both incremental and
radical reforms to adapt to new economic challenges, thus leading
to the ultimate collapse of communist regimes in Europe.
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