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Books > Social sciences > Politics & government > Central government > Central government policies
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Now Hiring (Paperback)
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Now Hiring (Paperback)
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As the twentieth century draws to an end, the changing role of
women appears as one of the dominant features of the era. In "Now
Hiring, " historian Julia Blackwelder traces the century-long
evolution of the American occupational structure and the ensuing
rise in demand for female workers through the closing episodes of
the Industrial Revolution and the advent of postindustrialism.
Decade by decade, she adroitly traces the main lines of the
development of the female work force and its interactions with
education, family life, and social convention while developing a
nuanced analysis of the differential patterns for various ethnic,
racial, age, and socioeconomic groups.
Through vignettes of individual women, given context by statistical
data that place them within larger patterns of work and family
life, Blackwelder presents her arguments "with flesh on them." She
offers a pioneering consideration of non-paid employment as part of
the picture of women and work and incorporates an intriguing case
study of the evolution of the Girl Scout organization. Her
consideration of the interaction of race, class, gender, and
economic forces in the evolving roles of working
women--particularly since she weaves these issues into every
discussion, rather than isolating them as afterthoughts--also makes
an intellectual contribution to the field of women's studies. In
her conclusion, Blackwelder summarizes the effects of a century of
change in women's employment and delineates the social and economic
challenges that will confront women and families of the
twenty-first century.
Blackwelder portrays the larger economy as the premier driving
force for patterns of female work. She demonstrates that the
reconfiguration of the women's labor market followed the shift of
the leading sector, from agriculture in the nineteenth century to
manufacturing and eventually to service industries. In addition,
she shows how changes in the labor market redirected female
education and transformed family structures in the United States
and how these changes in turn contributed to the further
restructuring of job opportunities and salary structures.
Blackwelder analyzes how gender conventions have affected the
employment of women: what industries would hire them, what
positions they were considered for, what pay was considered
appropriate. Considering how the shift in the national economy and
the growing female permeation of the labor force changed the
dynamics and economics of family life, she shows that although
wage-earning wives gained more authority within marriage, they also
assumed heavier responsibilities for the financial support of their
families. As rising rates of separation and divorce further
burdened mothers (who generally had child custody), women's
economic advances paradoxically worsened their overall financial
well-being.
This survey of U.S. women and work introduces students and general
readers alike to these important topics, and the distinctiveness of
Blackwelder's approach, blending quantitative data and oral history
materials, as well as the cogency of her underlying arguments, give
the book importance to scholars of labor and economic history and
women's studies.
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