Reasons Why first argues that what philosophers are really after,
or at least should be after, when they seek a theory of
explanation, is a theory of answers to why-questions. It then
advances a thesis about what form a theory of answers to
why-questions should take: a theory of answers to why-questions
should say what it takes for one fact to be a reason why another
fact obtains. The book's main thesis, then, is a theory of reasons
why. Every reason why some event happened is either a cause, or a
ground, of that event. Challenging this thesis are many examples
philosophers have thought they have found of "non-causal
explanations." Reasons Why uses two ideas to show that these
examples are not counterexamples to the theory it defends. First is
the idea that not every part of a good response to a why-question
is part of an answer to that why-question. Second is the idea that
not every reason why something is a reason why an event happened is
itself a reason why that event happened. In the book's final
chapter its theory of reasons why is extended to cover teleological
answers to why-questions, and answers to why-questions that give an
agent's reason for acting.
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