Published in 1764, On Crimes and Punishments by Cesare Beccaria
(1738-1794) courted both success and controversy in Europe and
North America. Enlightenment luminaries and enlightened monarchs
alike lauded the text and looked to it for ideas that might help
guide the various reform projects of the day. The equality of every
citizen before the law, the right to a fair trial, the abolition of
the death penalty, the elimination of the use of torture in
criminal interrogations--these are but a few of the vital arguments
articulated by Beccaria.
This volume offers a new English translation of "On Crimes and
Punishment" alongside writings by a number of Beccaria's
contemporaries. Of particular interest is Voltaire's commentary on
the text, which is included in its entirety. The supplementary
materials testify not only to the power and significance of
Beccaria's ideas, but to the controversial reception of his book.
At the same time that "philosophes" proclaimed that it contained
principles of enduring importance to any society grappling with
matters of political and criminal justice, allies of the "ancien
r?gime" roundly denounced it, fearing that the book's attack on
feudal privileges and its call to separate law from religion (and
thus crime from sin) would undermine their longstanding privileges
and powers.
Long appreciated as a foundational text in criminology,
Beccaria's arguments have become central in debates over capital
punishment. This new edition presents Beccaria's "On Crimes and
Punishments" as an important and influential work of Enlightenment
political theory.
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