This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning and
conduct of civil-military operations (CMO) by joint forces, the use
of civil affairs forces, the conduct of civil affairs operations,
and the coordination with other capabilities contributing to the
execution of CMO to achieve unified action. At the strategic,
operational and tactical levels and across the full range of
military operations, civil-military operations (CMO) are a primary
military instrument to synchronize military and nonmilitary
instruments of national power, particularly in support of
stability, counterinsurgency and other operations dealing with
asymmetric and irregular threats. Potential challenges include
ethnic and religious conflict, cultural and socioeconomic
differences, terrorism and insurgencies, the proliferation of
weapons of mass destruction, international organized crime,
incidental and deliberate population migration, environmental
degradation, infectious diseases, and sharpening
competition/exploitation of dwindling natural resources.
Opportunities, conversely, include the integration and
comprehensive use of intergovernmental, regional, national, and
local governmental and nongovernmental and private sector
organizations, which have proliferated in number, variety, and
capability. Recent policy initiatives, national security, military
strategies, and military doctrine demonstrate a growing
appreciation of the need to leverage more nonmilitary instruments
of national power, reposed in the interagency process and the
private sector, entailing a more holistic, and balance strategy.
This publication has been prepared under the direction of the
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It sets forth joint doctrine
to govern the activities and performance of the Armed Forces of the
United States in joint operations and provides the doctrinal basis
for interagency coordination and for US military involvement in
multinational operations. It provides military guidance for the
exercise of authority by combatant commanders and other joint for
commanders (JFCs) and prescribes joint doctrine for operations,
education, and training. It provides military guidance for use by
the Armed Forces in preparing their appropriate plans. It is not
the intent of this publication to restrict the authority of the JFC
from organizing the force and executing the mission in a manner the
JFC deems most appropriate to ensure unity of effort in the
accomplishment of the overall objective. Joint doctrine established
in this publication applies to the joint staff, commanders of
combatant commands, subunified commands, joint task forces,
subordinate components of these command, and the Services. The
guidance in this publication is authoritative; as such, this
doctrine will be followed except when, in the judgment of the
commander, exceptional circumstances dictate otherwise. If
conflicts arise between the contents of this publication and the
contents of Service publications, this publication will take
precedence unless the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
normally in coordination with the other members of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff, has provided more current and specific guidance.
Commanders of forces operating as part of a multinational (alliance
or coalition) military command should follow multinational doctrine
and procedures ratified by the United States. For doctrine and
procedures not ratified by the United States, commanders should
evaluate and follow the multinational command's doctrine and
procedures, where applicable and consistent with US law,
regulations, and doctrine.
General
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