This indispensable reference is a comprehensive guide to
significant issues, policies, historical events, laws, theories,
and persons related to the education of African-Americans in the
United States. Through several hundred alphabetically arranged
entries, the volume chronicles the history of African-American
education from the systematic, long-term denial of schooling to
blacks before the Civil War, to the establishment of the Freedmen's
Bureau and the era of Reconstruction, to Brown v. Board of
Education and the civil rights reforms of the last few decades.
Entries are written by expert contributors and contain valuable
bibliographies, while a selected bibliography of general sources
concludes the volume. The African-American population is unique in
that its educational history includes as law and public policy the
systematic, long-term denial of the acquisition of knowledge. In
the 18th century, African-Americans were initially legally
forbidden to be taught academic subjects in the South, where most
African-Americans lived. This period, which ended around 1865 with
the conclusion of the Civil War and the establishment of the
Freedmen's Bureau, was followed by the introduction of laws,
policies, and practices providing for rudimentary education for 69
years under the dual-school, separate-but-equal policies
established by Plessy v. Ferguson (1896). These policies did not
end until the Brown v. Board of Education decisions of 1954 and
1955 were reinforced by the passage of civil rights and equal
opportunity legislation in the mid-1960s. The education of
African-Americans has been a continuing moral, political, legal,
economic, and psychological issue throughout this country's
history. It continues to consume time and attention, and it remains
an unresolved dilemma for the nation. Through several hundred
alphabetically arranged entries, this indispensable reference
offers a comprehensive overview of significant issues, policies,
historical events, laws, persons, and theories related to
African-American education from the early years of this country to
the present day. The entries are written by expert contributors,
and each entry includes a bibliography of works for further
reading. A selected, general bibliography concludes the volume.
General
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