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Gaining Voice - The Causes and Consequences of Black Representation in the American States (Hardcover)
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Gaining Voice - The Causes and Consequences of Black Representation in the American States (Hardcover)
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Scholars studying the causes and consequences of political
representation, particularly in terms of gender and race, often
turn to a concept called descriptive representation. Descriptive
representation tells us the degree to which elected officials
resemble their constituents, and whether such a resemblance has a
bearing on the way they legislate. In other words, do people vote
for candidates of their same racial/ethnic background or gender? If
they do, does this affect the type of policies an elected official
pursues? Further, if citizens see people who look like them in
office, does it have an effect on their political attitudes and
participation? In this book, Christopher J. Clark argues that
descriptive representation is a more multi-faceted phenomenon than
previously shown, particularly when observed at the state level. He
contends that black political involvement, political attitudes, and
public opinion are contingent on more than being represented by a
single black elected official. Rather, they hinge on the proportion
of African Americans making up a state legislature-what Clark terms
"black seat share"-as well as the degree to which that proportion
reflects the demographic makeup of the state. As well, Clark
pinpoints the critical mass of African American legislators
necessary to initiate the creation of black caucuses, an important
institution for minority representation. Clark bases his study on
an examination of black representation in state legislatures
between 1966 and 2010, looking particularly at black political
opinion and involvement in the development of welfare and education
policy.
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