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Books > Earth & environment > Earth sciences
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The Arctic in the Anthropocene - Emerging Research Questions (Paperback)
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The Arctic in the Anthropocene - Emerging Research Questions (Paperback)
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Once ice-bound, difficult to access, and largely ignored by the
rest of the world, the Arctic is now front and center in the midst
of many important questions facing the world today. Our daily
weather, what we eat, and coastal flooding are all interconnected
with the future of the Arctic. The year 2012 was an astounding year
for Arctic change. The summer sea ice volume smashed previous
records, losing approximately 75 percent of its value since 1980
and half of its areal coverage. Multiple records were also broken
when 97 percent of Greenland's surface experienced melt conditions
in 2012, the largest melt extent in the satellite era. Receding ice
caps in Arctic Canada are now exposing land surfaces that have been
continuously ice covered for more than 40,000 years. What happens
in the Arctic has far-reaching implications around the world. Loss
of snow and ice exacerbates climate change and is the largest
contributor to expected global sea level rise during the next
century. Ten percent of the world's fish catches comes from Arctic
and sub-Arctic waters. The U.S. Geological Survey estimated that up
to 13 percent of the world's remaining oil reserves are in the
Arctic. The geologic history of the Arctic may hold vital clues
about massive volcanic eruptions and the consequent release of
massive amount of coal fly ash that is thought to have caused mass
extinctions in the distant past. How will these changes affect the
rest of Earth? What research should we invest in to best understand
this previously hidden land, manage impacts of change on Arctic
communities, and cooperate with researchers from other nations? The
Arctic in the Anthropocene reviews research questions previously
identified by Arctic researchers, and then highlights the new
questions that have emerged in the wake of and expectation of
further rapid Arctic change, as well as new capabilities to address
them. This report is meant to guide future directions in U.S.
Arctic research so that research is targeted on critical scientific
and societal questions and conducted as effectively as possible.
The Arctic in the Anthropocene identifies both a disciplinary and a
cross-cutting research strategy for the next 10 to 20 years, and
evaluates infrastructure needs and collaboration opportunities. The
climate, biology, and society in the Arctic are changing in rapid,
complex, and interactive ways. Understanding the Arctic system has
never been more critical; thus, Arctic research has never been more
important. This report will be a resource for institutions,
funders, policy makers, and students. Written in an engaging style,
The Arctic in the Anthropocene paints a picture of one of the last
unknown places on this planet, and communicates the excitement and
importance of the discoveries and challenges that lie ahead.
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