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Engineering Aviation Security Environments--Reduction of False Alarms in Computed Tomography-Based Screening of Checked Baggage (Paperback)
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Engineering Aviation Security Environments--Reduction of False Alarms in Computed Tomography-Based Screening of Checked Baggage (Paperback)
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On November 19, 2001 the Transportation Security Administration
(TSA) was created as a separate entity within the U.S. Department
of Transportation through the Aviation and Transportation Security
Act. The act also mandated that all checked baggage on U.S. flights
be scanned by explosive detection systems (EDSs) for the presence
of threats. These systems needed to be deployed quickly and
universally, but could not be made available everywhere. As a
result the TSA emphasized the procurement and installation of
certified systems where EDSs were not yet available. Computer
tomography (CT)-based systems became the certified method or
place-holder for EDSs. CT systems cannot detect explosives but
instead create images of potential threats that can be compared to
criteria to determine if they are real threats. The TSA has placed
a great emphasis on high level detections in order to slow false
negatives or missed detections. As a result there is abundance in
false positives or false alarms.
In order to get a better handle on these false positives the
National Research Council (NRC) was asked to examine the technology
of current aviation-security EDSs and false positives produced by
this equipment. The ad hoc committee assigned to this task examined
and evaluated the cases of false positives in the EDSs, assessed
the impact of false positive resolution on personnel and resource
allocation, and made recommendations on investigating false
positives without increase false negatives. To complete their task
the committee held four meetings in which they observed security
measures at the San Francisco International Airport, heard from
employees of DHS and the TSA. Engineering Aviation Security
Environments--Reduction of False Alarms in Computed
Tomography-Based Screening of Checked Baggage is the result of the
committee's investigation. The report includes key conclusions and
findings, an overview of EDSs, and recommendations made by the
committee.
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