In "The War Machines," Danny Hoffman considers how young men are
made available for violent labor both on the battlefields and in
the diamond mines, rubber plantations, and other unregulated
industries of West Africa. Based on his ethnographic research with
militia groups in Sierra Leone and Liberia during those countries'
recent civil wars, Hoffman traces the path of young fighters who
moved from grassroots community-defense organizations in Sierra
Leone during the mid-1990s into a large pool of mercenary labor.
Hoffman argues that in contemporary West Africa, space,
sociality, and life itself are organized around making young men
available for all manner of dangerous work. Drawing on his
ethnographic research over the past nine years, as well as the
anthropology of violence, interdisciplinary security studies, and
contemporary critical theory, he maintains that the mobilization of
West African men exemplifies a global trend in the outsourcing of
warfare and security operations. A similar dynamic underlies the
political economy of violence in Iraq, Afghanistan, and a growing
number of postcolonial spaces. An experienced photojournalist,
Hoffman integrates more than fifty of his photographs of young West
Africans into "The War Machines."
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