Organized baseball has survived its share of difficult times,
and never was the state of the game more imperiled than during the
Great Depression. Or was it? Remarkably, during the economic
upheavals of the Depression none of the sixteen Major League
Baseball teams folded or moved. In this economist's look at the
sport as a business between 1929 and 1941, David George Surdam
argues that although it was a very tough decade for baseball, the
downturn didn't happen immediately. The 1930 season, after the
stock market crash, had record attendance. But by 1931 attendance
began to fall rapidly, plummeting 40 percent by 1933.
To adjust, teams reduced expenses by cutting coaches and hiring
player-managers. While even the best players, such as Babe Ruth,
were forced to take pay cuts, most players continued to earn the
same pay in terms of purchasing power. Off the field, owners
devised innovative solutions to keep the game afloat, including the
development of the Minor League farm system, night baseball, and
the first radio broadcasts to diversify teams' income
sources.
Using research from primary documents, Surdam analyzes how the
economic structure and operations side of Major League Baseball
during the Depression took a beating but managed to endure, albeit
changed by the societal forces of its time.
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