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Assessing Methods of Removing Metals from Wastewater: The Effect of Ferric Chloride Addition (Paperback)
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Assessing Methods of Removing Metals from Wastewater: The Effect of Ferric Chloride Addition (Paperback)
Series: WERF Research Report Series
Expected to ship within 12 - 17 working days
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The presence of cationic pollutant metals in municipal wastewater
effluent is a concern because stringent discharge requirements
cannot always be met with conventional treatment methods. Attempts
to improve metal removal are often unsuccessful because a
significant fraction of the cationic metals are complexed by the
synthetic chelating agent ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA).
To identify practical approaches for improving metal removal, an
analytical method for measuring metal-EDTA complexes was used to
survey metal speciation at a series of wastewater treatment plants.
Following these analyses, bench-scale experiments were conducted.
The survey data indicated that pollutant metal-EDTA complexes
account for a significant fraction of the dissolved metals in
wastewater. The bench-scale studies indicated that ferric chloride
addition improves the removal of copper and zinc by approximately
20%. To test the results of the bench-scale experiments, a
full-scale experiment was conducted by interrupting chemical
addition at a municipal wastewater treatment plant that normally
adds ferric chloride during primary treatment. Results indicated
that ferric chloride addition had a slight impact on metal
speciation but no effect on metals removal. The lack of an effect
was attributed to changes in metal speciation that occurred during
primary treatment irrespective of ferric chloride addition.
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