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Socialist Industrial Sta/h - Towards a Political Sociology of State Socialism (Hardcover)
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Socialist Industrial Sta/h - Towards a Political Sociology of State Socialism (Hardcover)
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Before beginning the study of the social system I have chosen to
call 'state socialism', it is necessary to define the term and to
describe the societies to which it is held to apply. A society may
be defined as a behavioural system having three components : a
distinct set of central or dominant value and beliefs, a number of
social institutions, and patterns of interactions between
individuals and institutions. What, then, are the distinguishing
features of state socialism? The dominant values are those
ofMarxism-Leninism,andthepeculiar institutions of the system stem
from the state-owned means of production which determine man's
relationship to property. The values laid down in the charter of
the society are those of socialism : that is, a system of beliefs
focused on the ultimate perfectibility of man, on the determining
influence of class forces operating through the laws of historical
and dialectical materialism. In state-socialist societies, the
dominant institution is the Communist Party, which is considered to
lead the working class and provides an authoritative interpretation
of the laws of historical development, which in turn legitimate the
Party's own political power. The appellation state focuses on the
central role played by government and Party institutions in the
process of these societies : not only do ownership and control of
the means of production legally reside with the state, but it has
the authority to mobilise the population to achieve the goals
defined in the 'official charter'. In the patterns of interactions
between institutions, the state (government and ruling party) plays
a dominant role. Let us now turn from analytical concepts to
consider some historical generalisations.
General
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