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Airways Smooth Muscle - Structure, Innervation and Neurotransmission (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1994)
Loot Price: R2,296
Discovery Miles 22 960
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Airways Smooth Muscle - Structure, Innervation and Neurotransmission (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1994)
Series: Respiratory Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy
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Many factors may influence the release of neurotransmitters from
airway nerves 1]. This is likely to be important in physiological
control of airway functions and may be particularly relevant in
airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). Neural elements in airways interact in a complex
manner and the activation of certain neural pathways may profoundly
influence the release of transmitters from other neural pathways.
Similarly inflamma tory mediators released from inflammatory cells
in the airways may also modulate neurotransmitter release. There
are marked differences be tween species in airway innervation and
in neuromodulatory effects and, wherever possible, studies in human
airways have been emphasised, although information on
neuromodulation in human airways is some what limited at present.
Release of neurotransmitters from nerve terminals occurs via a Ca2+
dependent secretion evoked by a nerve action potential, but may
also be evoked experimentally by a high extracellular K +
concentration which directly depolarises the nerve terminal
membrane. Modulation refers to the alteration of neurotransmitter
release, which may either be increased (facilitation) or reduced
(inhibition) by the action of a particular agent, thus changing the
magnitude of the neurally-mediated response. Such agents would
normally act on receptors on the nerve terminal which are referred
to as pre-junctional (or presynaptic) receptors, in contrast to
post-junctional (or post-synaptic) receptors located on the target
cells which are influenced by that particular transmitter."
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