Dio Cassius (Cassius Dio), ca. 150- 235 CE, was born at Nicaea in
Bithynia in Asia Minor. On the death of his father (Roman governor
of Cilicia) he went in 180 to Rome, entered the Senate, and under
the emperor Commodus was an advocate. He held high offices,
becoming a close friend of several emperors. He was made governor
of Pergamum and Smyrna; consul in 220; proconsul of Africa;
governor of Dalmatia and then of Pannonia; and consul again in 229.
Of the eighty books of Dio's great work "Roman History,"
covering the era from the legendary landing of Aeneas in Italy to
the reign of Alexander Severus (222-235 CE), we possess Books 36-60
(36 and 55-60 have gaps), which cover the years 68 BCE-47 CE. The
missing portions are partly supplied, for the earlier gaps by
Zonaras, who relies closely on Dio, and for some later gaps (Book
35 onwards) by John Xiphilinus (of the eleventh century). There are
also many excerpts. The facilities for research afforded by Dio's
official duties and his own industry make him a very vital source
for Roman history of the last years of the republic and the first
four emperors.
The Loeb Classical Library edition of Dio Cassius is in nine
volumes.
General
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