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DNA Vaccines - Methods and Protocols (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2000)
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Discovery Miles 57 790
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DNA Vaccines - Methods and Protocols (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2000)
Series: Methods in Molecular Medicine, 29
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The field of DNA vaccines has undergone explosive growth in the
last few years. As usual, some historical precursors of this
approach can be d- cerned in the scientific literature of the last
decades. However, the present state of affairs appears to date from
observations made discreetly in 1988 by Wolff, Malone, Felgner, and
colleagues, which were described in a 1989 patent and published in
1990. Quite surprisingly, they showed that genes carried by pure
plasmid DNA and injected in a saline solution, hence the epithet
"naked DNA," could be taken up and expressed by skeletal muscle
cells with a low but reproducible frequency. Such a simple
methodology was sure to spawn many applications. In a separate and
important line of experimentation, Tang, De Vit, and Johnston
announced in 1992 that it was indeed possible to obtain humoral
immune responses against proteins encoded by DNA delivered to the
skin by a biolistic device, which has colloquially become known as
the "gene gun. " The year 1993 saw the publication of further
improvements in the me- ods of naked DNA delivery and, above all,
the first demonstrations by several groups of the induction of
humoral and cytotoxic immune responses to viral antigens expressed
from injected plasmid DNA. In some cases, protection against
challenge with the pathogen was obtained. The latter result was -
questionably the touchstone of a method of vaccination worthy of
the name.
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