Dr. Shaffer outlines the development of the 'mythological school'
of European Biblical criticism, especially its German origins and
its reception in England, and studies the influences of this
movement in the work of specific writers: Coleridge, Holderlin,
Browning, and George Eliot.
The 'higher criticism' treated sacred scripture as literature
and as history, the product of its time, and the highest expression
of a developing group consciousness; it challenged current views on
the authorship and dating of the Pentateuch and the Gospels, on
inspiration, prophecy, and canonicity, and formulated a new
apologetics closely linked with the growth of romantic
aesthetics.
The importance of this study is that it shows that readings of
specific literary texts can intersect with general movements of
thought and action through the scrutiny of a clearly defined
intellectual discipline, here the higher criticism, which developed
as a particular expression of the larger trends in the history of
the period. Dr Shaffer throws light on individual works of
literature, the formation of movements, the origin of new genres,
literary relationships between England and Germany, and the bases
of European romanticism.
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