Of the four chapters in this book, the first two discuss (albeit in
consider ably modified form) matters previously discussed in my
papers 'On the Logic of Conditionals' [1] and 'Probability and the
Logic of Conditionals' [2], while the last two present essentially
new material. Chapter I is relatively informal and roughly
parallels the first of the above papers in discussing the basic
ideas of a probabilistic approach to the logic of the indicative
conditional, according to which these constructions do not have
truth values, but they do have probabilities (equal to conditional
probabilities), and the appropriate criterion of soundness for
inferences involving them is that it should not be possible for all
premises of the inference to be probable while the conclusion is
improbable. Applying this criterion is shown to have radically
different consequences from the orthodox 'material conditional'
theory, not only in application to the standard 'fallacies' of the
material conditional, but to many forms (e. g. , Contraposition)
which have hitherto been regarded as above suspi cion. Many more
applications are considered in Chapter I, as well as certain
related theoretical matters. The chief of these, which is the most
important new topic treated in Chapter I (i. e.
General
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