Applying linguistic theory to the study of Homeric style, Egbert
J. Bakker offers a highly innovative approach to oral poetry,
particularly the poetry of Homer. By situating formulas and other
features of oral style within the wider contexts of spoken language
and communication, he moves the study of oral poetry beyond the
landmark work of Milman Parry and Albert Lord.
One of the book's central features, related to the research of
the linguist Wallace Chafe, is Bakker's conception of spoken
discourse as a sequence of short speech units reflecting the flow
of speech through the consciousness of the speaker. Bakker shows
that such short speech units are present in Homeric poetry, with
significant consequences for Homeric metrics and poetics.
Considering Homeric discourse as a speech process rather than as
the finished product associated with written discourse, Bakker's
book offers a new perspective on Homer as well as on other archaic
Greek texts. Here Homeric discourse appears as speech in its own
right, and is freed, Bakker suggests, from the bias of modern
writing style which too easily views Homeric discourse as archaic,
implicitly taking the style of classical period texts as the
norm.
Bakker's perspective reaches beyond syntax and stylistics into
the very heart of Homeric and, ultimately, oral poetics, altering
the status of key features such as meter and formula, rethinking
their relevance to the performance of Homeric poetry, and leading
to surprising insights into the relation between "speech" and
"text" in the encounter of the Homeric tradition with writing."
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