The central question in this book is why it seems reasonable for
the words of our language to divide up the world in ordinary ways
rather than other imaginable ways. Hirsch calls this the division
problem. His book aims to bring this problem into sharp focus, to
distinguish it from various related problems, and to consider the
best prospects for solving it. In exploring various possible
responses to the division problem, Hirsch examines series of
"division principles" which purport to express rational constraints
on how our words ought to classify and individuate. The ensuing
discussion deals with a wide range of metaphysical and
epistemological topics, including projectibility and similarity,
alternative analyses of natural properties and things, the
inscrutability of reference, and the relevance of such pragmatic
notions as salience and economy. The final chapters of the book
develop what Hirsch contends is the most promising response to the
division problem: a theory in which constraints on classification
and individuation are seen to derive from the necessary structure
of "fine-grained" propositions and the necessary dependence of some
concepts on others.
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