Arthur Hugh Clough (1819-1861), poet, skeptic, friend of Emerson
and of Matthew Arnold, was a man concerned with the religious,
political, and social issues of the turbulent times in which he
lived. In this fresh examination of Clough, Greenberger traces the
intellectual development of a poet who was considered a brilliant
failure in his own day, a reputation that still persists despite
the fact that Clough is now attracting considerable critical
attention. Her study contradicts this traditional view of him as
ineffectual and uncommitted and reveals instead a complex figure
whose varied interests enriched his prose and poetry.
Greenberger has made a thorough study of all of Clough's prose
on contemporary issues written between 1837 and 1853. These largely
neglected writings, many of which remain unpublished, enable her to
follow the poet's development through religious doubts and
conflicts and to trace his political metamorphosis from naive
idealism through radicalism to a final disenchantment with utopias.
Having placed the poet's work in its proper historical context, the
author goes on to reveal the great extent to which Clough succeeded
in making the issues of his day viable subjects for poetry.
Greenberger, thoroughly versed in the intellectual history of
the Victorian period, vividly depicts the English social and
economic scene and contemporary life at unreformed Oxford. She
suggests new insights into Clough's relations with Emerson, the
influence of Carlyle upon the poet, and his reactions to the
America of the early 1850's.
The author concludes that the techniques Clough developed for
presenting his ideas in poetic form and the concerns that pervaded
his thinking make him a precursor of twentieth-century literature.
In the last chapter she relates her findings to Clough's three
major poems. She includes in an appendix a number of new poems and
other material by Clough found in manuscript during her
research.
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