In Measuring and Reasoning, Fred L. Bookstein examines the way
ordinary arithmetic and numerical patterns are translated into
scientific understanding, showing how the process relies on two
carefully managed forms of argument: * Abduction: the generation of
new hypotheses to accord with findings that were surprising on
previous hypotheses, and * Consilience: the confirmation of
numerical pattern claims by analogous findings at other levels of
measurement. These profound principles include an understanding of
the role of arithmetic and, more importantly, of how numerical
patterns found in one study can relate to numbers found in others.
More than 200 figures and diagrams illuminate the text. The book
can be read with profit by any student of the empirical nature or
social sciences and by anyone concerned with how scientists
persuade those of us who are not scientists why we should credit
the most important claims about scientific facts or theories.
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