Volume 11 of the Revolutionary War Series contains
correspondence, orders, and other documents covering one of the
most militarily active periods of the war. The volume begins with
Washington's army camped about twenty miles north of Philadelphia.
Having planned to march toward the Hudson River to engage General
John Burgoyne's northern expedition, Washington had to change
course when scouts sighted the British fleet carrying General
William Howe's army in the Chesapeake Bay on 22 August. Three days
later Washington's troops were at Wilmington, Delaware, when Howe's
army began landing at the head of the bay. Having personally led
reconnaissance parties quite close to British lines, Washington
then positioned his army on Brandywine Creek in Pennsylvania to
halt Howe's subsequent march to Philadelphia, but on 11 September
the Americans suffered a nearly disastrous defeat. After another
American attempt to stop the advancing British was frustrated by a
fierce rainstorm, Howe skillfully outmaneuvered Washington before
turning to Philadelphia, taking possession on 26 September as
Congress fled the city.
Washington still hoped to reverse Howe's apparent victory, but
his attack on British positions at Germantown, Pennsylvania, on 4
October was hampered by his complicated plan of attack, battlefield
confusion, and stout British resistance, which combined to defeat
the Americans. No longer able to come to grips with Howe's main
army, Washington turned his attention to blocking passage of the
Delaware River to prevent supplies from reaching the British in
Philadelphia. American hopes of recapturing Philadelphia looked
dim.
General
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