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Strong family and low fertility:a paradox? - New perspectives in interpreting contemporary family and reproductive behaviour (Paperback, 1st ed. Softcover of orig. ed. 2004)
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Strong family and low fertility:a paradox? - New perspectives in interpreting contemporary family and reproductive behaviour (Paperback, 1st ed. Softcover of orig. ed. 2004)
Series: European Studies of Population, 14
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New perspectives in interpreting contemporary family and
reproductive - haviour of Mediterranean Europe 1. THE NEW GEOGRAPHY
OF FERTILITY AND THE FAMILY IN EUROPE The countries of southern
Europe have begun to reduce conjugal fertility at a later date
compared to most other nations in the west. This has been - plained
by means of the category of delay: the backwardness of the pr-
esses of accumulation and economic development being seen as the
cause of the maintaining of the reproductive models of the past.
Moreover, the inf- ence of the Catholic Church in Italy, Spain and
Portugal is supposed to have delayed the processes of
secularisation, rendering difficult the changes in mentality
necessary for assuming modern patterns of reproductive behaviour
not only for fertility, but also for the variables which are
strictly linked to it, such as sexuality, contraception and
abortion (Livi Bacci, 1977; Lesthaeghe and Wilson, 1986). 1. 1. The
trends of very low fertility Now the panorama is very different.
Since the mid-seventies, southern Europe has been washed by the
tide of a lowest-low fertility (i. e. , TFR under 1. 5 for several
a prolonged period, Billari et al. , 2003), which in some areas 1
has reached and maintained scarcely imaginable levels for years on
end. Conversely, other areas of Europe, where fertility started to
fall many d- ades earlier than in the regions of the sourth, have
recovered or maintained considerably higher levels of fertility,
often close to replacement level.
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