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Books > Social sciences > Sociology, social studies > Social issues
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Comparative Deviance - Perception and Law in Six Cultures (Hardcover)
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Comparative Deviance - Perception and Law in Six Cultures (Hardcover)
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"Comparative Deviance" represents a systematic attempt to survey
public perceptions of deviant behavior cross-culturally: in India,
Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Yugoslavia and the United States. There is
extensive diversity in both law and perception concerning such
deviances as taking drugs, homosexuality, and abortion, yet there
is evidence for a basically invariant structure in perception of
deviance across all cultures. Within the countries studied in this
volume, Geraeme Newman discovers that the strength of religious
belief and urban rural background accounted for major differences
in the perception of deviance - when differences were
identified.Contrary to popular academic opinion in the United
States, Newman finds that those countries with the most liberal
laws on deviance (i.e., the least punitive sanctions) are also
those highly economically developed and least totalitarian (United
States and Italy). But when public opinion is considered, the
public favors harsher punishments than the law provides. In
contrast, in the developing countries of India, Iran and Indonesia,
where penal sanctions are more severe, public opinion is much more
liberal. The crucial question is the role criminal law plays in the
process of modernization: whether law is a stable cultural
influence, round which public opinion wavers in a startling
fashion, depending on the stage of modernization.These findings
challenge many assumptions of conflict theory in sociology, of
cultural relativism in anthropology, and of ethical relativism in
moral philosophy. All findings are examined in relation to research
on modernization, social development, and the evolution of law.
These fundamental issues are thus important to many different
disciplines across the board.
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