In her latest work, H. Henrietta Stockel examines the collision of
the ethnocentric Spanish missionaries and the Chiricahua Apaches,
including the resulting identity theft through Christian baptism,
and the even more destructive creation of a local slave trade. The
new information provided in this study offers a sample of the total
unknown number of baptized Chiricahua men, women, and children who
were sold into slavery by Jesuits and Franciscans. Stockel provides
the identity of the priests as well as the names of the purchasers,
often identified as "Godfather." Stockel also explores Jesuit and
Franciscan attempts to maintain their missions on New Spain's
northern frontier during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
She focuses on how international political and economic forces
shaped the determination of the priests to mold the Apaches into
Christians and tax-paying citizens of the Empire. Diseases,
warfare, interpersonal relations, and an overwhelming number of
surrendered Chiricahuas at the missions, along with reduced
supplies from Mexico City, forced the missionaries to use every
means to continue their efforts at conversion, including deporting
the Apaches to Cuba and selling others to Christian families on the
colonial frontier.
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