Widowhood in an American City focuses on the roles and
lifestyles of urban American widows fifty years of age or older.
These women form a segment of two generations of one society; they
present a historical instance of people born and brought up under
conditions that are not likely to be duplicated. Not only the U.S.,
but many other countries are undergoing modifications in the
degrees and forms of urbanization, industrialization, and social
complexity.
Helena Znaniecki Lopata argues that the way women re-engage
society following the death of a husband is different due to their
location in the modern social system. She notes that the trends in
social structure are toward increasingly voluntaristic engagement
in achieved, functionally oriented social roles that are performed
in large groups and contain secondary social relations. The
cultural background of many societal members prevents the
utilization of most resources of the complex urban world,
restricting them to a small social life space, with almost
automatically prescribed social relations.
Those who argue that the elderly are socially isolated contend
that this is a result of the natural process of withdrawal of the
person and the society from each other. These arguments focus on
those who are isolated or lonely and those who lack the skills,
money, health, and transportation for engaging or re-engaging
society. Lopata's study indicates that this assumption is false for
many widows. If such people are to be helped, a fresh view of the
relation between the urban, industrial, and complex modern world
and its residents is required, and new action programs must be
creatively developed. This is a timely, ground-breaking work that
addresses and shatters common myths associated with growing old
alone in an urban society.
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