When it was first published in 1972, Hubert Dreyfus's manifesto
on the inherent inability of disembodied machines to mimic higher
mental functions caused an uproar in the artificial intelligence
community. The world has changed since then. Today it is clear that
"good old-fashioned AI," based on the idea of using symbolic
representations to produce general intelligence, is in decline
(although several believers still pursue its pot of gold), and the
focus of the Al community has shifted to more complex models of the
mind. It has also become more common for AI researchers to seek out
and study philosophy. For this edition of his now classic book,
Dreyfus has added a lengthy new introduction outlining these
changes and assessing the paradigms of connectionism and neural
networks that have transformed the field.At a time when researchers
were proposing grand plans for general problem solvers and
automatic translation machines, Dreyfus predicted that they would
fail because their conception of mental functioning was naive, and
he suggested that they would do well to acquaint themselves with
modern philosophical approaches to human beings. What Computers
Can't Do was widely attacked but quietly studied. Dreyfus's
arguments are still provocative and focus our attention once again
on what it is that makes human beings unique.Hubert L. Dreyfus, who
is Professor of Philosophy at the University of California,
Berkeley, is also the author of Being-in-the-World. A Commentary on
Heidegger's Being and Time, Division I.
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