Polyvinyl chloride has played a key role in the development of the
plastics industry over the past 40 years and continues to be a
polymer of major importance. The reasons for its enormous
versatility and range of application derive from a combination of
the basic structure which gives rise to a relatively tough and
rigid material and its ability to accept a range of plasticisers
and other additives which can modify its physical characteristics
to produce a range of flexible products. Two major problems,
however, have tested the skill and ingenuity of PVC technologists
since earliest times. One is the thermal instability of the
material at the temperatures required for melt processing and
fabrication, and the second is the photochemical instability which
until recently has limited the potentially large range of outdoor
applications. Both problems have been handled in a commercially
satisfactory way by the gradual development of a range of
stabilisers, lubricants and other processing aids and the high
quality material which has resulted has led to massive utilisation
of PVC by industry. Totally adequate stabilisation requires a
detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which degradation
processes are initiated and propagated. Although great advances
have been made in this respect in recent years the problem remains
incompletely understood. This book presents an account of the
present position and the problems which remain to be solved.
General
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